Facing the new normal employment form and the present situation of employment guidance and career planning, colleges and universities must start from the actual needs of students, strengthen employment guidance and career planning, build a systematic and feasible employment guidance and career planning system, and make the employment guidance service and career planning work in colleges and universities play a practical role. Do a good job in the following aspects:
1. Strengthen the course system construction of career guidance and career planning, and improve students' employability.
In the whole career guidance process, colleges and universities should combine the actual situation of students' professional learning in different grades, arrange different curriculum modules in different grades, stages and focuses, and gradually build a career guidance curriculum system with college characteristics. Establish the course teaching of career development and employment guidance for college students throughout the whole process of university education [3]. The first step is to provide career education for freshmen, so that freshmen can begin to understand their majors and plan their lives in a targeted manner as soon as they enter school; First-year students are trained in career planning, such as career cognition and self-exploration, so that students can establish their own career awareness when they enter school, let them understand the relationship between majors and occupations and the requirements of occupations for people, and help them make academic plans during their studies at school, consciously cultivate their career ideals and prepare for their future careers; The second step is to pay attention to the cultivation of employability and skills, career planning competitions, etc. For sophomores and sophomores, it is important to help them establish their career goals and position themselves objectively. Through social practice, entrepreneurship competitions and subject competitions, they can help students broaden their knowledge, improve their abilities, and enhance their employment autonomy and decision-making ability for their future careers. The third step is to focus on establishing correct education on employment concept, employment situation and policy, employment guidance and service, obtaining vocational qualification certificate guidance, making job-seeking resumes, and simulating interviews for fresh graduates, so as to make full preparations for job hunting.
2. Establish a good employment mechanism and cultivate a high-standard career planning guidance team.
In order to improve the employment situation of graduates and improve the level and effectiveness of employment guidance, colleges and universities must establish a good employment working mechanism and cultivate a high-level employment guidance team [4].
First, establish a good employment mechanism and build a two-level employment system for colleges and branches. Under the unified leadership of the college employment leading group, various branches are formed.
Set up an employment working group headed by the competent leader, with graduating class counselors, class teachers, graduates' representatives and related professional teachers as members, specifically responsible for the development and formation of employment guidance for each branch. The overall planning of the college, the specific responsibility of functional departments, the cooperation of relevant departments, and the implementation of the college in different levels and classes? Working mode.
Second, cultivate a team of full-time and part-time employment guidance, and the professional construction of employment guidance teachers can follow the idea of complementary full-time and part-time jobs. Strengthen the appointment, selection and training of professional guidance teachers. Colleges and universities should increase investment to ensure that employment funds are fully in place. Furthermore, we should cultivate the strength of part-time instructors, organize college teachers to participate in training in career planning, and invite part-time teams such as experts and company personnel managers to form and expand employment guidance in colleges and universities, so as to effectively improve the level of employment guidance.
3. insist? Student-oriented? Service concept, carry out personalized employment guidance.
The employment guidance service center set up a college student employment consulting room to provide guidance information and opinions for the difficulties and problems encountered by different individual students; Provide skill information consultation for different positions.
In a word, college students' successful employment is the need for them to realize the value of life, and designing their own career plan reasonably is the first step for college students to succeed. It enables college students to fully understand themselves, objectively analyze the environment, correctly choose their careers, and take effective measures to overcome all kinds of troubles in their career development, so as to realize their ideals. Where should college students realize this? Natural person? In the real sense? Social man? Change. In the complicated professional world, if you want to find a career that suits you and keep exploring, you must make a reasonable career plan for your life.
[References]
Chen Xiaoping. Employment supply and demand of college students, difficulties and countermeasures [J]. China Human Resources Development, 2006, (4).
[2] Mao Xiaohua. Problems and Countermeasures of College Students' Career Planning [J]. Continuing Education Research, 2008, (6).
[3] Wang. Yan zhigu Constructing a long-term mechanism for guiding college students' career planning [J]. Theoretical observation, 2007, (6).
[4] Yang, Liu Minghui. Innovative working mechanism to further promote the employment of college graduates [J]. Employment of college students in China, 2005, (24).
(Author: Qianjiang College of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 3 10036)
Thesis on College Students' Employment Guidance and Career Planning (3)
College students are the precious human resources of the country and the builders and reserve forces of socialist construction. Employment guidance for college students is an important part of higher education and a hot spot of social concern. Colleges and universities should make overall plans and reasonable arrangements from the perspective of long-term development, build a student-oriented, market-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable employment guidance system, improve students' comprehensive quality and market competitiveness, ensure the sustainable development of colleges and universities, and train graduates who meet the needs of society.
Keywords college students; Employment; guide
First, the significance of developing employment guidance for college students
The employment of college students has always been the focus of social attention. After the reform and opening up, with the reform of the employment system of college graduates and the transformation and structural adjustment of the social system, the employment problem of college students has become more and more prominent, and people have paid more and more attention to solving the employment problem of college students. [1] In the 2 1 century, with the increasing number of graduates every year, the employment rate of college graduates has dropped sharply. At present, the employment environment and situation faced by college graduates are very severe, with outstanding employment pressure and fierce employment competition.
In recent years, with the development of higher education? Elite education? Time magazine? Mass education? With the changes of the times, the number of college students has soared. Under the new employment situation, college graduates are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. [2] Therefore, college students' employment guidance naturally becomes the focus of college work. For colleges and universities, it is of great practical significance to establish an evaluation system based on performance management theory for the employment work of various departments.
Second, the current problems in college students' employment guidance
In the period of socialist market economy, the state, government and colleges and universities pay more and more attention to the employment guidance of college students, which provides a strong guarantee for more college students to plan their careers scientifically, find jobs smoothly and become talents. China boldly draws lessons from some experiences of western countries, and gradually explores some theories, concepts and methods suitable for employment guidance of college students in China, such as strengthening ideological education, implementing full-time guidance for all employees, establishing a developmental career guidance model, and offering employment guidance courses. , and achieved important results. However, in practice, China's employment guidance still has the following shortcomings:
(A) Employment guidance is temporary.
At present, many colleges and universities offer employment guidance courses for college students, but most of them are only in the last year of graduation, or even? Double choice? During the period, the guidance content was narrow and utilitarian, but the cultivation of thinking and ideas was ignored, like? Seasonal vegetables? It's overwhelming in the peak season, and it's hard to find traces in the off-season. The methods commonly used in concrete practice are through graduates' employment mobilization meeting and employment situation report meeting? Centralized indoctrination? The guiding ideology of employment lacks special consultation and effective guidance for students' individual characteristics.
(B) the concept of employment guidance is outdated
Many schools' understanding of employment is still at the level of employment rate, and they do not fully realize the importance of employment guidance, and lack vocational education and vocational guidance for students. Most schools still think that everything will be fine if graduates can find a job, but little attention is paid to whether this job conforms to the students' personality and specialties and whether they give full play to their abilities. This has greatly affected the rational use of talents, resulting in many college students? Learn what you don't need and use what you don't understand? . [2] Helping students find jobs is an important part of employment guidance. However, without vocational education and a correct concept of job choice, it is easy to have various problems in the process of employment, and it is difficult to find a job that suits them smoothly, or even if they are employed, they will still face the problems of laid-off and re-employment in the future. Therefore, the focus of vocational guidance should be on the education of students and the improvement of their comprehensive quality.
(3) Lack of systematic employment guidance.
At present, the employment guidance in colleges and universities is not systematic and formal enough, and its content is basically limited to information release, policy promotion and implementation, and provision. Meet supply and demand, two-way choice? Conditions and opportunities, skills training, agreement handling and other services, although some colleges and universities have also set up employment guidance courses, not many colleges and universities study employment guidance as a discipline like foreign universities, so its guidance service role is not very prominent. [4]
At present, our employment guidance is only for graduates, limited to employment, and lacks guidance and help for non-graduates, including academic, career and career development issues outside employment. In fact, the employment of college students is integrated with their previous studies, careers and occupations, which requires systematic guidance, that is, career planning guidance. Our country lacks the guidance of college students' career planning, especially the guidance of students' career planning, the tracking of graduates' career direction and the research of individual career choice process.
(D) lack of specialization in the employment guidance team
Although most colleges and universities in China have established graduate employment guidance institutions with full-time employment guidance personnel, most of them come from? Tube? Most of those who change jobs from jobs have not undergone systematic study and training, and lack rich knowledge and experience in employment guidance. They are not good at guiding students according to their personality, interests, specialties and abilities. Looking for what? Appropriate work, more under the guidance of national policies, plays the role of education, management and intermediate bridge. [5] This makes the administrative function of the graduate employment guidance department more prominent and the service function is lacking. The employment guidance for students is still limited to the teaching of career skills and the preaching of employment policies, which is in obvious contrast with the needs of students and cannot play a good role. Insufficient investment, few staff with professional skills, imperfect software and hardware construction, and difficulty in mastering more information are common problems in employment guidance institutions in colleges and universities in China. This is bound to have a negative impact on graduate employment guidance.
Third, measures to improve college students' employment guidance
College students are high-quality human resources trained by the state. Whether this kind of human resources can be rationally allocated and whether the personal value and social value of college students can be maximized is related to the healthy development of a country's economy, culture, science and technology, politics and other aspects. [6] In addition to helping college students find jobs, college students' employment guidance should be based on their studies, employment-oriented, career-oriented, balanced and coordinated, so as to make their professional ability and comprehensive quality develop harmoniously and give full play to their individual labor ability.
(A) according to the needs of students to develop a complete employment guidance program
In order to better carry out the employment guidance education for college students, take it as an important content of college students' training and ensure the smooth development of employment guidance, colleges and universities should formulate a complete employment guidance plan. In the employment guidance plan, it should be clear about the main responsibilities of the school and its employment guidance center, the specific contents of the school's employment guidance for all grades, the specific ways of the school's employment guidance education, the allocation of teachers, and the specific arrangements of the employment guidance courses. After colleges and universities formulate employment guidance programs, they will be implemented by the school employment guidance center. Therefore, the school should evaluate and summarize the work of the employment guidance center in stages.
(two) to strengthen the professional quality training, and comprehensively improve the professional quality of employment guidance personnel.
The overall quality of college employment guidance teachers directly affects the effectiveness of college graduates' employment work. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to improve the quality of college employment instructors. At present, most of the career guidance centers in colleges and universities in various provinces and cities organize the training of college teachers in their own provinces and cities by hiring well-known career guidance experts. [6] Training can not only improve the theoretical level and practical ability of employment guidance staff in colleges and universities, but also enhance the exchange and communication of employment staff in various schools and provide good opportunities for mutual learning. Therefore, colleges and universities should actively participate in training courses for employment guidance personnel, and train the staff of employment guidance centers in rotation according to their work arrangements, so as to familiarize them with the basic theories and knowledge of employment guidance, including the theory and practice of career guidance, laws and regulations of career guidance, career planning, psychological guidance for students' employment, and entrepreneurial guidance. At the same time, let them know the basic skills of employment guidance and the use of graduate information network. [2] After the training, colleges and universities should conduct a comprehensive assessment of employment guidance personnel, and qualified personnel can be engaged in employment guidance course teaching and daily employment guidance and consultation for college students as professional employment guidance personnel.
(C) do a good job in the publicity of employment guidance inside and outside the school, so that the concept of employment guidance is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
Employment guidance is an important part of quality education for college students. High-quality employment guidance can not only guide college students to establish their career ideals and do a good job in professional study, but also help them to make career plans, provide scientific and effective ways and methods for their employment and promote their smooth employment. [7] Therefore, universities and college students should be fully aware of the importance of employment guidance. Colleges and universities should regard employment guidance as an arduous task and try their best to improve students' employability. College students should consciously learn employment knowledge and cooperate with various guidance activities organized by the school to make the employment guidance work go smoothly.
Strengthen contact with society and open up new employment channels.
Employment information guidance is an important aspect of employment guidance in colleges and universities, and a large number of effective employment information is a necessary condition for graduates to find jobs smoothly. As a complete system, the employment guidance for college students has strong sociality and needs the active participation of social forces. [8] Therefore, colleges and universities should strengthen contact with society, often contact and communicate with employers, and provide targeted guidance to college students according to the needs of employers. In addition, colleges and universities should do a good job in tracking graduates, invite alumni who have worked and achieved certain results to communicate with their classmates, introduce their work experience and lessons, and let college students indirectly understand the society. At the same time, colleges and universities should provide entrepreneurship education for college students, introduce entrepreneurship policies to them, help them master entrepreneurial skills and give psychological guidance. At the same time, they should set up college students' self-employment association to provide a platform for college students with entrepreneurial ideas to communicate and help them realize their entrepreneurial ideals and success.
Fourth, summary.
College students are the precious human resources of the country, the builders and reserve forces of socialist construction, and they are entrusted with the happiness and hope of countless families. Doing a good job in college students' employment is related to the society's understanding and expectation of higher education, the exertion and application of human resources in the social environment, and the stability and development of the whole society. Facing the employment situation of college students in the new period, the employment guidance for college students has become a theoretical and practical problem that needs to be demonstrated and solved.
? Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood and the policy of national security? . [8] To ensure stability, we must ensure employment. In recent years, the state and government have issued a series of policies and measures on college students' employment, so as to alleviate the employment pressure of college students. As an educational institution for cultivating college graduates, colleges and universities are actively taking various measures to promote college students' employment. While making some achievements, colleges and universities should continue to attach importance to and earnestly strengthen employment guidance. The employment of college students is related to the vital interests of students, the sustainable development of schools and the stable development of the country and society. Therefore, colleges and universities should make concerted efforts, formulate practical and effective policies and measures, and mobilize various forces to do a good job in the employment of college students.
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