In the forty-first year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1562), Xu Guangqi was born in Taiqingfang (now Qiaojia Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai). As a teenager, Xu Guangqi studied in Longhua Temple.
In the ninth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (158 1), jinshanwei tried to be a scholar, taught in his hometown, and married the daughter of Wu Xiaoxi, Chu Shi of this county.
In the ten years of Wanli (1582), the first rural examination failed. In order to maintain his family, Xu Guangqi, like his father, "supplements the higher education of students with weak crowns and eats enough to study in the palace, so he teaches middle school children."
In the 12th year of Wanli (1584), my grandmother died and Xu Guangqi's parents were over 500 years old. Coupled with the flood, the Xu Guangqi family went from bad to worse.
In the 16th year of Wanli (1588), in order to find a way out, Xu Guangqi went to Taipingfu (now Dangtu, Anhui Province) with his fellow villagers, Dong Qichang, Justin Cheung and Chen Jiru, after having obtained the provincial examinations, and Xu Guangqi failed.
In the 21st year of Wanli (1593), Xu Guangqi gave a lecture in Shaozhou, Guangdong Province, and met the Jesuit Lazaro Ka Tanjo.
Wanli twenty-four years (1596), transferred to Zhou Xun, Guangxi to teach.
In the 25th year of Wanli (1597), Xu Guangqi was praised by the examiner Jiao Hong and promoted by Shuntianfu.
In twenty-six years of Wanli (1598), he failed to enter the Jinshi examination and returned to his hometown to teach.
In the 28th year of Wanli (1600), I went to Nanjing to meet my teacher Jiao Hong and met Matteo Ricci for the first time.
In the 29th year of Wanli (160 1), Xu Guangqi did not take the exam.
In the thirty-first year of Wanli (1603), he was baptized into Catholicism by Jesuit Jean de Rocha in Nanjing, and his Christian name was Paul.
Thirty-two years of Wanli (1604), Xu Guangqi Jinshi, Jishi Shu, the Imperial Academy.
In the thirty-fourth year of Wanli (1606), he began to cooperate with Matteo Ricci to translate the first six volumes of The Elements of Geometry, which was translated, printed and published the following spring. After translating the Elements of Geometry, he translated the book The Meaning of Measurement according to Matteo Ricci's dictation.
In the thirty-fifth year of Wanli (1607), the Hanlin Pavilion was dissolved at the expiration of three years and was reviewed by the Hanlin Academy. In the same year, Xu Guangqi's father died in Beijing, and he returned to his hometown to keep the system.
In the thirty-sixth year of Wanli (1608), lazaro Ka Tanjo was invited to preach in Shanghai, which became the beginning of the introduction of Catholicism into Shanghai. During the period of guarding the system, he sorted out and finalized the book "Measuring Righteousness", and cross-referenced it with Zhou Bian Shu Jing and Jiu Zhang Arithmetic, sorted out and compiled the book "Measuring Righteousness", discussed the high theorem, opened up double gardens and farmhouse villas, conducted crop introduction and cultivation experiments, and made a book "Sweet Potato Sparse".
In the thirty-eighth year of Wanli (16 10), Xu Guangqi returned to Beijing and was reinstated. Because of Qin's inaccurate calculation of solar eclipse, he cooperated with missionaries to study astronomical instruments, and wrote Jane Ping Yi Shuo, Ping Faint Tu Shuo, Sundial Tu Shuo and Night Dialing Tu Shuo.
In the forty years of Wanli (16 12), he studied western water conservancy under the Jesuit priest P. Sabbathino de Ursis and translated 6 volumes of Taixi Water Law.
In the forty-first year of Wanli (16 13), in the early winter, due to disagreement with some ministers of the DPRK, Xu Guangqi went to Tianjin on medical leave. He planted rice in Fangshan and Laishui counties, conducted various agricultural experiments, and successively wrote books such as Yi Ken Ling, Agricultural Manuscripts, and Northern Farming Records, which laid the foundation for the compilation of the Encyclopedia of Agricultural Administration.
In the forty-fourth year of Wanli (16 16), Shen que, assistant minister of Li Nian, sent letters three times to investigate and deal with foreign missionaries, which made it difficult to teach in Nanjing. Xu Guangqi defended the missionaries in the preface. In the same year, Xu Guangqi returned to Beijing and was reinstated. The following year, he was appointed as Zuo Chunfang and Zuo Zanshan. After illness, I returned to Tianjin and made a "fecal regulation".
In the 46th year of Wanli (16 18), the late Jin Nurhachi invaded Shanhaiguan, and Xu Guangqi was called into Beijing under the starry night.
In the forty-seventh year of Wanli (16 19), the Ming army was defeated in the battle of Salhu, and he repeatedly asked for training. Later, he was promoted to Shao Zhan as an official and an imperial adviser to Henan Dao, supervising the training of Tongzhou New Army. However, due to the difficulties in the supply of military salaries and equipment, the training plan is not smooth.
In the first year of tomorrow (162 1), Xu Guangqi returned to Tianjin for illness in March, and Liaoyang fell in June. He was recalled to Beijing and urged to use the red artillery to help defend the city, but he resigned again in1February because he disagreed with the Minister of War.
In the third year of the Apocalypse (1624), Xu Guangqi was promoted to Right Assistant Minister and a student of the Ministry of Justice. At that time, Wei Zhongxian was autocratic, and he refused to take office. The following year, he was fired. After Xu Guangqi returned to Shanghai, he "systematically enlarged, revised, examined and sorted out" the agricultural data accumulated for many years, and compiled the later Complete Book of Agricultural Administration. He and P.Franciscus Sambiasi jointly translated the Spoon of Lingyan. He also compiled his military articles into a book and printed and published Xu's Words.
In the fourth year of the Apocalypse (1625), after retiring, Xu Guangqi concentrated on updating and revising the previous series of agricultural books. After diligent study and working day and night, the first draft of the Encyclopedia of Agricultural Administration was finally completed in the fourth year of the Apocalypse (1627).
In the first year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1628), Xu Guangqi was recalled to Beijing and reinstated.
In the second year of Chongzhen (1629), he was promoted to assistant minister Zuo. Because Qin's calculation of the solar eclipse was inaccurate, Emperor Chongzhen agreed that Xu Guangqi should preside over the revision of the calendar. In the same year, Huang Taiji led tens of thousands of troops to attack Gyeonggi, and Emperor Chongzhen called the platform of his ministers to discuss the matter, and Xu Guangqi played the role of defending the war.
In the third year of Chongzhen (1630), he was promoted to be the minister of rites.
In the fourth year of Chongzhen (163 1), many volumes of almanac were presented one after another, that is, the almanac of Chongzhen.
In the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), he joined the maintenance department with the positions of Shangshu of the Ministry of Rites and University of Dongge.
In the sixth year of Chongzhen (1633), he joined the Prince Taibao and Wenyuange University. He died on June 8th of the same year, 165438+ died.