Matters needing attention in the use of hydrogen are as follows: (1) The production, use, storage and transportation of hydrogen shall comply with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals and the Regulations on Safety Supervision of Special Equipment.

(1) Hydrogen is colorless, odorless, flammable and explosive. Hydrogen contains a mixture of chlorine, oxygen, carbon monoxide and air, which is in danger of explosion.

Due to the low ignition point and high explosion energy of hydrogen, strict attention should be paid in the process of production, use, storage and transportation. The following are the explosion limits of these mixtures: 1) When hydrogen and chlorine are mixed, they can explode under light.

2) The explosion limit of the mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is that the volume fraction of hydrogen in oxygen is 4% ~ 95%. 03) The explosion limit of the mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is that the volume fraction of hydrogen in carbon monoxide is 13. 5% ~49%。

4) The explosion limit of the mixture of hydrogen and air is that the volume fraction of hydrogen in the air is 45% ~75%. (2) Hydrogen accumulates indoors, and there is a danger of explosion when the content reaches the explosion limit.

In hydrogen environment, people are in danger of suffocation. Therefore, ventilation devices should be set up where hydrogen may leak or the hydrogen content may increase, and hydrogen alarm devices should be set up when necessary to monitor the hydrogen content.

(3) Before repairing or treating hydrogen pipelines, equipment, gas cylinders, etc. Before starting work, hydrogen must be replaced by nitrogen (or by other methods). (4) When hydrogen leaks from the gas bottle mouth or is quickly discharged, there is a risk of fire. Therefore, when bottled hydrogen leaves the factory, it should be ensured that there is no leakage in the bottle mouth and valve, and the bottle cap should be tightened; When using bottled hydrogen, the bottle valve should be opened slowly.

2. Is there any provision about the safety of hydrogen use in the Technical Specification?

Hydrogen shall comply with GB4962- 1985 Technical Specification for Safety in the Use of Hydrogen.

"5 Use of Hydrogen Bottle", as follows:

5. 1 Due to production needs, gas cylinders must be used on site (indoors), and the number of gas cylinders shall not exceed 5, and shall meet the following requirements:

5. 1. 1 The room must be well ventilated to ensure that the highest hydrogen content in the air does not exceed 1% (volume ratio), the same below.

Louvers (buildings) or exhaust holes are arranged on the top of the building or the upper part of the external wall. The ventilation holes should face the safe area, and the indoor ventilation frequency should not be less than three times per hour, and the emergency ventilation frequency should not be less than seven times per hour.

5. 1.2 The distance between hydrogen cylinders and containers and cylinders containing flammable, explosive, combustible substances and oxidizing gases shall not be less than 8m.

5. The distance between1.3 and naked flames or ordinary electrical equipment should not be less than10m.

5. The distance between1.4 and the air inlet of air conditioner, air compressor and ventilation equipment should not be less than 20m.

5. The distance between1.5 and other combustible gas storage places should not be less than 20m.

5. 1.6 Provide a bracket for fixing gas cylinders.

5. 1.7 Gas cylinders used in multi-storey buildings should generally be arranged on the top floor near the external wall except for special production needs.

5.2 When using gas cylinders, knocking and collision are prohibited; Keep away from heat sources; Prevent exposure to the sun in summer.

5.3 Special pressure reducer must be used. When opening, the operator should stand behind the valve port and move slowly.

5.4 When the valve or pressure reducer leaks, it shall not be used continuously; When the valve is damaged, it is forbidden to replace the valve under the pressure in the bottle.

5.5 It is forbidden to exhaust the gas in the bottle, and the residual pressure above 0.5 kgf/cm 2 should be maintained.

3. What are the safety precautions for high purity hydrogen?

Precautions for using high-purity hydrogen:

1. This instrument is not allowed to be turned on for a long time (more than 5 minutes) when the pressure is zero.

2. The instrument should be placed on the workbench for easy observation and operation.

3. The electrolyte in the instrument must be drained during transportation to prevent the electrolyte from flowing out and causing corrosion when the instrument is dumped.

4. The hydrogen flow value displayed by this instrument is converted from electrolytic current for reference only. It is normal that the displayed number has a change of 1 in the tenth place.

5. Always observe the discoloration of the drying tube and replace the discolored silica gel in time.

6. Always observe the liquid level and replenish distilled water in time to keep the liquid level between the liquid level scales. Since this instrument only consumes distilled water and does not consume KOH when working, it is only necessary to add distilled water (it is recommended to replace the electrolyte once a year).

4. Is hydrogen safe for human body?

Long-term research shows that hydrogen is very safe for human body. Even if you inhale tens of atmospheres of hydrogen, you will have a certain anesthetic effect, but this anesthetic effect is much smaller than nitrogen and will not have a toxic effect on the body. The biological safety of hydrogen is higher than that of nitrogen and many times higher than that of oxygen. Therefore, the use of hydrogen to treat diseases is a very reassuring means.

Hydrogen is a chemical element, ranking first in the periodic table of elements. The symbol of the element is H, which is the smallest atom in nature. Hydrogen usually exists in the form of hydrogen, which is a colorless, odorless and flammable diatomic gas. Hydrogen is the lightest gas, and its thermal conductivity is particularly strong. Hydrogen combines with oxidation to form water.

Professor Zhao Liping, deputy dean of the School of Life Science and Technology of Shanghai Jiaotong University and doctoral supervisor, believes that hydrogen is an endogenous gas in the human body, which is produced by some members of the intestinal flora who release the lost electrons in the form of hydrogen in order to balance the redox reaction when fermenting dietary fiber to obtain energy. If the food structure is reasonable and the flora structure is reasonable, more than 15 liters of hydrogen can be produced every day. After hydrogen is dissolved in water, it is a very good antioxidant and can freely enter and leave cells. When it reaches the part of the cell where there are superoxide radicals, an antioxidant reaction will take place to remove these radicals. This should be the basic mechanism for hydrogen to exert its "magical" biological effect.

Professor Sun, a diving medical expert and doctoral supervisor of the Second Military Medical University, has also proved through a large number of experiments (the diver breathes 50 atmospheres of hydrogen without toxic side effects) that hydrogen always exists in the human body, so the use of hydrogen to treat diseases is an important prerequisite for safety, which may subvert the traditional Chinese medicine saying that "three poisons are divided into poisons".

Helium-oxygen diving can effectively solve the problem of nitrogen anesthesia in air diving and achieve a breakthrough in diving depth. However, with the increase of diving depth and gas density, breathing resistance will still have an impact on divers, especially helium has almost no anesthetic effect, and it is easy to produce HPNS when diving deeply. It is difficult to obtain helium and its price is expensive, which limits the wide application of helium-oxygen diving. Therefore, it is urgent to find a new gas to replace helium as the breathing gas for deep diving. In fact, in the early stage of mixed gas diving research, hydrogen and helium were almost used for diving and high pressure work at the same time because of the obstacle of preparing helium.

Diving with artificially prepared hydrogen-oxygen mixture (hydrox) or hydrogen-helium-oxygen ternary mixture (hydreliox) as breathing gas is generally called hydrogen-oxygen diving. Like helium-oxygen diving, hydrogen-oxygen diving is also mixed gas diving. Hydrogen-oxygen diving is one of the hot spots in the development of modern deep diving technology. Hydrogen-oxygen diving includes conventional diving with hydrogen-oxygen mixture and saturated diving with hydrogen-oxygen mixture, among which saturated diving with hydrogen-oxygen mixture is the main development direction at present.

5. What safety measures have been taken to transport hydrogen by pipeline?

1, hydrogen belongs to flammable and explosive medium, and belongs to Class A according to the fire risk classification of combustible gas.

2. The pipeline containing hydrogen medium shall be constructed and accepted according to the corresponding requirements in Code for Construction and Acceptance of Highly Toxic and Combustible Medium Pipeline in Petrochemical Industry (SH350 1-200 1). 3. Reliable electrostatic grounding protection measures shall be taken for all pipelines conveying inflammable and explosive media and pipelines prone to generating electrostatic media.

And should be a continuous circuit, connected to the grounding device. A jumper pipe shall be set at the pipeline flange.

The installation unit must comply with the Code for Design of Electrostatic Grounding in Chemical Enterprises (HG/T20675-90). 4. The hydrogen pipeline must be electrostatically grounded; A jumper pipe shall be set at the pipeline flange.

The installation unit must comply with the Code for Design of Electrostatic Grounding in Chemical Enterprises (HG/T20675-90). 5. According to the Code for Construction and Acceptance of Highly Toxic and Combustible Medium Pipelines in Petrochemical Industry and Code for Construction and Acceptance of Industrial Metal Pipelines (GB50235-97), this project requires pipeline nondestructive testing.

20% flaw detection of hydrogen pipeline; 6. The gas leakage test (air tightness test) of the pipeline system must be carried out for the hydrogen medium process pipeline. The leak test should be carried out after the purging test, and the medium is air.

6. Safety precautions for gas cylinders The safety precautions for oxygen cylinders, acetylene cylinders, hydrogen cylinders and argon cylinders are as follows

Strengthen control from the aspects of management system, daily operation (including canning, transportation, loading and unloading, storage and use) and daily maintenance to prevent physical or chemical explosion caused by leakage, overpressure, collision or high heat.

Specifically, since the daily canning work is completed by suppliers, the regulations or requirements in this respect are implemented by them according to national standards; Directly related to our daily production or maintenance are the main problems of transportation, loading and unloading, storage or use in factories. In this regard, we need to strengthen control from the following aspects.

From the aspects of transportation and loading and unloading, it is forbidden to throw and unload, to lift and unload or transfer by bundling, to transfer cylinders by rolling, to lift gas cylinders by electromagnetic lifting equipment, to transfer gas cylinders or to have fire sources at the loading and unloading site. In terms of warehousing and receiving, cylinders that have not been inspected or failed to pass the inspection shall not be put into storage, cylinders that are leaking, lack safety helmets or have defective valve bodies, and cylinders with unknown sources or without inspection marks shall not be put into storage.

In addition, oxygen (including all combustible gas cylinders) and acetylene (including all pressure gas cylinders) must be stored separately, and mixed storage and mixing are not allowed to prevent chemical explosion caused by gas mixing. From the use point of view, a necessary safe distance should be kept between oxygen and acetylene (at least not less than 5m), and between oxygen or acetylene bottle and open flame or high-temperature heat source (at least not less than10m). Oxygen cylinders or acetylene cylinders (including other pressure storage cylinders) are not allowed to be exposed to the sun, anti-backfire devices are provided for users, users are prohibited from using invalid instruments, and users are prohibited from cutting welding torches or welding torches. Second, in case of tempering, it is easy to cause the acetylene cylinder to explode-because the oxygen cylinder pressure is high and the acetylene cylinder pressure is low, the ratio of oxygen to acetylene is usually greater than 3: 1 or even higher).

Another point is the most important, that is, the operators must undergo professional training, pass the examination and obtain the operation certificate before they can take up their posts. If we don't do this well, the operators will lack the necessary knowledge of safe operation and act blindly, so it's hard to think that something will happen! More specific things are in the training materials of special operations personnel of the National Security Bureau. You can have a look.