Born in the 21st year of Wanli in Ming Shenzong, he died in the 16th year of Chongzhen. In the fourth year of the Ming Dynasty, I was about fifty-one.
Forty-seven years of Wanli, Jinshi.
In the fifteenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, he served as assistant minister of the Ministry of War and governor of Shaanxi.
The following year, he was promoted to the Ministry of War.
He sent troops to suppress Li Zicheng and died in Tongguan.
biography
Suppress the peasant uprising
In Sun Chuanting's life. Suppressing the peasant uprising is the main content of his military career, which began in Chongzhen eight years ago. This autumn, Sun Chuanting became a doctor and later became Fu Cheng of Shuntianfu. In the ninth year of Chongzhen, it was once again promoted to the right capital empire. At this time, the peasant rebels headed by the King of Qi occupied Shangluo, which seriously threatened the rule of the Ming Dynasty in Shaanxi. Gansu, the governor of Shaanxi, repeatedly suppressed it. Shaanxi literati invited Sun Chuanting to supervise the Qin Dynasty. In March of the ninth year of Chongzhen, Sun Chuanting was appointed as the governor of Shaanxi. After Sun Chuanting came to power, he ordered Luo to lead the Ming army to attack Shangluo rebels and kill the King of Qi. Soon, peasant rebels fought again in Guanzhong area. Sun Chuanting suppressed Gao Yingxiang, the most powerful rebel in Heishuiyu War, and captured and killed Gao Yingxiang. When Shaanxi Rebel Army suffered setbacks, Ma Jinzhong, Liu Guoneng and others 17 people who were active in Henan entered Weinan. Sun Chuanting quickly contacted the Ming army in Henan and besieged the rebels. At the beginning of the tenth year of Chongzhen, Ma Jinzhong and other departments crossed the river into Shaanxi and attacked Shangzhou, Luonan and Lantian. Sun Chuanting led his troops and armies from all walks of life to attack the rebels of Guabei King, Yi Feifei and Zhenwang with superior forces and pacify the area south of Guanzhong.
Suppress Shaanxi rebels
Sun Chuanting compromised the agreement of the War Department to "block the front line and stick to Shangluo" and sent heavy troops to guard Shangluo's strategic location. On that day, Wang led the rebels to attack Qingyang and Baoji, and Sun Chuanting quickly returned to his hometown and was defeated by Heshui. At the beginning of the 11th year of Chongzhen, the insurgents were mixed from Uighur and Qin Dou to Chengcheng, and Sun Chuanting commanded the Fifth Route Army to attack Huanglong Mountain, killing more than 2,000 people. In the west of Luzhou, Ma Guangyu led the Anhui Army and Luo Jun into Shaanxi, and ambushed with Hong Chengchou in the south of Tongguan. Li Zicheng was wiped out, leaving only 18 riders in Li Zicheng. At this time, Shaanxi rebels were suppressed.
Suppress Henan rebels
At this time, only Henan rebels were still threatening the Ming court. Thirteen departments, including Luo Yucai, He Yilong and Zuo, have arrived in Tongguan and stood by for dozens of miles. Faced with this situation, Sun Chuanting thought that the main force of the rebel army was in Henan, so he led the army eastward and defeated the 13th Army between Quexiang and Lingbaoshan. The rebels were in a difficult situation and had to surrender to Xiong Wencan. But Sun Chuanting, known as the "main suppression", did not adopt Xiong Wencan's dissuasion and insisted on attacking the rebels. After receiving Yang Sichang's calligraphy, he finally stopped attacking. Although the rebels surrendered under the imperial edict, they did not disarm, but mobilized their troops to change their positions and wait for an opportunity to attack Shangluo. Sun Chuanting and Wang Wenqing were ordered to lead several wars with the rebels, and the rest of the rebels were forced to move to Neixiang and Xichuan.
Be demoted to civilian status
In August of the 11th year of Chongzhen, Dourgen and Yue Tuo led the Qing soldiers to enter the Great Wall from Qiangziling and Qingshankou, and the Ming capital was under martial law. Governor Lu Xiangsheng was killed in Julu. He used to supervise the soldiers of the king of Qin who came to Beijing from all walks of life. The Ming court called Sun Chuanting and Hong Chengchou as viceroy, promoted Sun Chuanting as the right general of the Ministry of War, and commanded various reinforcements. After Sun Chuanting arrived in the suburbs of Beijing, due to the profound contradiction between Taihe School and Xia School, Emperor Chongzhen ordered him not to appear before the court in Beijing, while Hong Chengchou was treated in the suburbs of Beijing, and ordered him to visit Emperor Chongzhen in the temple. Naturally, Sun Chuanting is very dissatisfied with this unfair treatment. Yang Sichang Hong Chengchou was appointed governor of Hebei and Liaoning, and advocated that all Shaanxi troops should stay in Hebei and Liaoning. Sun Chuanting expressed strong opposition to this, saying that "Qin Jun can't stay". His staying is good for the thief and bad for one side. Cash withdrawal is also a thief. "Yang Sichang ignored Sun Chuanting's opinion, and Sun Chuanting was depressed and deaf. In the second year, the Ming court entrusted the military affairs of Baoding and Lu Yu to Governor Sun Chuanting, and Sun Chuanting immediately went to see the emperor, but all failed because of Yang Sichang's obstruction. Sun Chuanting was angry and ill. But Yang Sichang still refused to let go, saying that Sun Chuanting's illness was an escape. Emperor Chongzhen flew into a rage. After being demoted as a civil servant, Sun Chuanting was put in prison, awaiting trial.
Re-enable
During Sun Chuanting's three years in prison, Xiong Wencan and Yang Sichang fought many wars with the rebels, but they all lost. King Li Zicheng led hundreds of thousands of mercenaries to break the ice in Henan and surrounded Kaifeng for the second time. In this case, in the fifteenth year of Chongzhen, the Ming court re-appointed Sun Chuanting as the right assistant minister of the Ministry of War. Emperor Chongzhen went to Wenyu Temple to inquire about Sun Chuanting's strategy of suppressing rebels and gave a banquet to scare him. Later, Sun Chuanting was ordered to lead the Guards to Kaifeng.
Governor of Shaanxi province
Due to the strong defense in Kaifeng and the arrival of reinforcements in Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng could not attack for a long time, decisively withdrew from the siege of Kaifeng, and later killed Wang Qiaonian, the governor of Shaanxi Province, in the battle of Xiangcheng. Sun Chuanting was ordered to go to Shaanxi to replace him. After Sun Chuanting took office, he immediately ordered the detention of the former company commander He and brought them to justice. In order to deal with the growing insurgents, Sun Chuanting stepped up military affairs day and night. In May of the fifteenth year of Chongzhen, Li Zicheng surrounded Kaifeng for the third time, and Emperor Chongzhen urged Sun Chuanting to go through the customs quickly and enter Henan. On the other hand, Sun Chuanting answered very little: "The soldiers are newly recruited and useless." . However, Emperor Chongzhen was worried and ignored it, forcing Sun Chuanting to rescue Kaifeng as soon as possible. Sun Chuanting had to arise and rescue, and arrived in Tongguan at the end of September. It happened to rain for dozens of days, and the river suddenly rose, so Li Zicheng decided to open Majiakou section of the Yellow River. Sun Chuanting reinforcements just out of Tongguan, Li Zicheng has invaded, left the capital of song dynasty, became a water town, and Sun Chuanting went straight to Nanyang. Li Zicheng and Luo Rucai's Western Expedition fought with Shaanxi Army in Sun Chuanting and suffered a crushing defeat in Jiaxian County. Sun Chuanting led the remnants to Gongxian and entered Shaanxi from Mengyuan.
Defend Tongguan
After losing to Shaanxi, Sun Chuanting was determined to defend Tongguan and seize an important position in the upper reaches of Beijing. At that time, the Ming army suffered heavy losses in the battle of Jiaxian County and added many new recruits. According to this situation, Sun Chuanting formulated the strategic policy of defeating the enemy without fighting, reclaiming wasteland, repairing weapons and storing grain. In order to deal with Li Zicheng's powerful cavalry and enhance the firepower and protection ability of the Ming army, Sun Chuanting specially rushed 30,000 "trains" to carry artillery, which can resist the impact of cavalry when marching, and can be guarded by a circular array when stationed. In May of the sixteenth year of Chongzhen, the Ming court appointed Sun Chuanting as the minister of war, in charge of military affairs in Henan, Sichuan, Shanxi, Huguang, Guizhou, Jiangnan and Jiangbei provinces, and made him send troops out of Tongguan quickly. At this point, Li Zicheng has successively eliminated several main forces of the Ming army and made great efforts to consolidate Mazhuang. Sun Chuanting knew it was very difficult to compete with such a powerful opponent, so he stamped his foot and sighed, "What a pity! I know I will never come back, but how can this teacher treat the jailer like this! " Expressed his determination to die in battle. On August 10, Sun Chuanting went out of Tongguan and won the uprising in Ruzhou, Lingbao, Tangxian and Jiaxian. But Xiangcheng was defeated in World War I, and he fled back to Shaanxi.
The rebels occupied Qi Shuai in Sun Chuanting, which boosted their morale and forced them to break Tongguan. Sun Chuanting, the deputy commander in chief, shouted on horseback and died in battle. But Sun Chuanting's body has never been found, so Emperor Chongzhen later suspected his whereabouts and didn't seal him up. Sun Chuanting's death is closely related to the rebels in Li Zicheng. At the same time, there is no strong team in Mingting that can compete with Li Zicheng.
The court is dead.
During the 25 years from Jinshi in the forty-seventh year of Wanli to defeat in the sixteenth year of Chongzhen, Sun Chuanting gradually rose from the magistrate of Yongcheng to the minister of war, in charge of military affairs in seven provinces, and participated in and presided over dozens of activities to suppress the peasant uprising army in the late Ming Dynasty, which won the appreciation of the Ming court. No matter in the joint campaign of "Four Righteousness and 66 June" or in the single action of "defending the customs in flood season", he made the peasant uprising army into many difficulties with his unique cunning, wit and decisiveness, and became a rare trump card in the hands of the Ming court. Therefore, there is a saying in the history of the Ming Dynasty that "the court died and the Ming Dynasty died".
Sun Chuanting's Tomb [/s2/]
Sun Chuanting's Tomb is located in the east of Xiahuazhuang Village, Yangmingbao Town, Daixian County. Covering an area of 7,000 square meters, it is 4 meters high and 22 meters in circumference. Surrounded by red walls, there are pines and cypresses everywhere, as well as incense halls and tombstones. Brick road leads to Yan Xiu, with stone men, horses, pigs and sheep beside it, and a memorial archway in front. In May of the 16th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, the emperor personally gave a knife, and Sun Chuanting fought the rebels in Li Zicheng with the title of Minister of War. In Tongguan, Shaanxi, his family buried his clothes and his wife's body here. This tomb destroyed the existing Qingyuan Lang Feng in the "Cultural Revolution". He wrote the epitaph of "Daming Guo Jian was buried with Sun Shang, the minister of war of seven provinces" engraved on it.