I liked studying when I was young. Because my family is poor, I can't get books to read. I often borrow money from the library, copy it myself, and send it back on the appointed day. When the weather is cold, the water in the salt pond freezes into ice and I can't stretch my fingers. I still don't relax reading. After copying, please go back to China, and dare not exceed the agreed time limit slightly. So most people will lend me books so that I can read all kinds of books. When he grew up, he admired the teachings of saints and suffered from being unable to associate with knowledgeable teachers and celebrities. He quickly walked out of the hundred miles and brought the scriptures to his fellow villagers.

Senior honorary person, Yemeni students crowded his room, and his words and attitude were never slightly euphemistic. Around Lishi, he assisted the suspect and leaned over to ask questions; Or the more respectful and polite you are when you meet, you dare not say a word; Please ask again as soon as it is happy. So I was stupid and finally learned a lot.

When I was looking for my master, I was walking in the mountains of Otani with my book box on my back and Tara shoes on. In winter, the wind was cold and the snow was several feet deep, and my feet and skin were frozen and cracked.

After entering the room, my limbs were stiff and I couldn't move. The servant gave me hot water and covered me with a quilt. It took a long time to warm up. Stay in a hotel and eat two meals a day, without fresh fat and delicious enjoyment. All the students are all embroidered, wearing hats decorated with treasures, white jade rings on their waists, swords on their left and smelly faces on their right. I am wearing a robe, but I am not sentimental at all. Because there are enough things in your heart to make you happy, don't feel that the enjoyment of food is not as good as others.

My efforts and efforts are probably like this. Although I am old and have no achievements, I am fortunate to be among the gentlemen. However, I have been blessed by the son of heaven. After I became a public official, I worked as a consultant every day, and the whole world misreported my last name. What else?

Now all the students are studying in imperial academy, and the county officials have a little support every day. Their parents have Qiu Ge's legacy at the age of 20, and there is no danger of being frozen and embarrassed. Sit downstairs and recite "poems" and "books" without running around; Some are teachers, some are teachers, some don't ask, don't tell, and some ask but don't; All the books should be kept here. There is no need to record them through other people's hands and read them later.

Dongyang Ma, who studied in imperial academy for two years, was praised by his peers for his virtue. I went to the capital to appear before the emperor, who met me as a fellow villager and wrote a long letter as a gift. The words were fluent and accessible, and I argued with him with a gentle and polite attitude. He said that when he was young, he studied very hard and was a good learner. He was going home to visit his parents, and I told him about the difficulties in his studies. It is said that Yu Mian's fellow villagers are all scholars, and so is Yu. Those who despise me, brag about my wealth and prosperity, and be arrogant to my hometown know the rest!

Interpretation of vernacular:

I liked studying when I was young. Because my family is poor and I can't get books to read, I often borrow them from people who collect books, copy them myself and return them on an agreed date. When the weather is very cold, the water in the inkstone pool is frozen into hard ice, and my fingers can't bend and stretch, so I still don't relax reading. Return it to others as soon as possible after copying, and dare not exceed the agreed time limit slightly.

So most people are willing to lend me books, so I can read all kinds of books. As an adult, I admire the theory of sages more, but I can't communicate with knowledgeable teachers and celebrities. Once I walked (ran) a hundred miles and asked my compatriots for advice with scriptures in my hand. His predecessors were highly respected, and his master students crowded his room. His words and attitude have never been euphemistic.

I stood beside him, asking questions, asking truth, and bowed my head to him for advice; Sometimes I am reprimanded, my expression is more respectful, my manners are more thoughtful, and I dare not answer a word; Ask him when he is happy. So although I was stupid, I finally learned a lot.

When I was looking for a teacher, I walked in the old valley in the deep mountains with my book box and shoes on my back. In the severe winter, the wind was cold and the snow was several feet deep, and my feet and skin were frozen and cracked. When I arrived at the school house, my limbs were stiff and I couldn't move. The servant poured me hot water and covered me with a quilt. It took a long time to warm up. Staying in a hotel, eating two meals a day, no fresh, fat and delicious enjoyment.

The students' scholars are all well-dressed, wearing red scarves and jewels, with white jade rings around their waist, knives on the left and sachets on the right, which are as bright as gods; I'm wearing an old cotton gown and a rag, and I'm not jealous. Because there are enough things in my heart to make me happy, I don't feel that the enjoyment of food and clothing is inferior to others. My efforts and hardships are probably like this.

Although I am old now, I have achieved nothing, but fortunately, I am still among the gentlemen, bearing the honor of the son of heaven, following the emperor every day, waiting for inquiries, and praising my name inappropriately under the sun, not to mention anyone who can surpass me.

Now students are studying in imperial academy, and the court provides meals every day. Parents give them leather clothes in winter and kudzu clothes in summer, so don't worry about freezing and hunger. Sitting downstairs reading classics, there is no hard work; Some teachers are professors and doctors. They don't ask or tell. They sought advice, but found nothing.

If some of them are not proficient in their studies and their moral quality has not developed, if they are not talented and have low qualifications, they will not be as single-minded as I am. Can you say it's someone else's fault? Dongyang Ma studied in imperial academy for two years, and his peers praised his virtue. When I went to the capital to see the emperor, Ma Sheng greeted me as a younger compatriot and wrote a long letter as a gift. He is fluent and approachable, arguing with him with gentle words and humble attitude.

He himself said that he was very diligent and hard-working when he was a teenager, and he can be called a good learner! He was going home to meet his parents, so I specifically told him about my study difficulties. If I encourage fellow villagers to study hard, that is my ambition; You denigrate me, brag about my experience, and be proud in front of fellow villagers. Do you know me?

Extended data writing background:

In the 11th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty, Song Lian retired from his hometown Pujiang (Pujiang County, Zhejiang Province) to Yingtian (now Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province) in the second year, and Ma Junze, a junior from his hometown, came to visit. Song Lian wrote this preface, introducing his own learning experience and attitude, encouraging others to study hard and become a person with both ability and political integrity when Zhu Yuanzhang was studying in imperial academy.

For young people, Song Lian was poor in his early years, and he had a hard time studying, and he did not shy away from the past. In the article, he tells his hard study process from childhood to adulthood frankly and concretely through self-presentation, so as to encourage the younger generation to study hard. Among them, all kinds of hardships make people sigh; Hard-working, diligent spirit, open-minded learning attitude, people respect.

Introduction to the article:

The exhortation in the preface to seeing Ma Sheng off to Yang is meaningful. The full text says nothing about the significance of learning, but makes a big fuss about "nothing can be achieved without hard work", because the importance of learning is well known to all women and children, and "learning to succeed" is also the goal pursued by all. The author grasps how to achieve "academic success", puts forward his own views, and is earnest, praising fellow countryman Ma Junze for his education of imperial academy students.

When reading, there is a comparison between myself and my classmates. I emphasize from another aspect that we should not only be firm, not afraid of the hardships of life, but also pursue spiritual enrichment. This paper also contrasts the advantages of studying in Taiwan Province today with the hardships of studying at the beginning, and emphasizes that the key to success in school lies in whether you concentrate on it or not.

About the author:

Song Lian was ill since childhood, and his family was poor, but he was smart and studious, so he was known as a "child prodigy". He was employed by Ji Meng, Wu Lai, Liu Guan, Huang Cheng and others. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he resigned from the imperial court and ordered monks to write books. In the early Ming Dynasty, he was hired by Zhu Yuanzhang and was honored as a teacher of the Five Classics, giving lectures for Prince Zhu Biao. In the second year of Hongwu (1369), he was ordered to major in Yuan history.

Most of the court etiquette was formulated for him when he was tired of being an official and learned the imperial edict from the Hanlin bachelor. Hongwu ten years (1377), resigned as an old man and returned to his hometown. Later, because his eldest grandson was involved in the Hu case, he was demoted to Maozhou and died in Kuizhou at the age of 72. Ming Wuzong pursued "Wen Xian", so he called it "Song Wenxian".

Both Song Lian and Liu Ji are famous for their prose creation, and they are called "the Sect of a Generation". His prose is either concise or graceful and elegant, each with its own characteristics. He admired Taige literature, and his style was honest and elegant, which provided a model for the literary creation of later "Taige style" writers. Most of his works were carved into seventy-five volumes of The Complete Works of Song and Shi Xue.

Because of its prominent position and the prosperity of the founding of the People's Republic of China in the early Ming Dynasty, Song Lian has a clean and elegant style of writing. There are many contents in his articles that praise feudal rule and promote feudal morality. Some articles, such as Reading the River and Lou Ji, are full of scenes, but they are tired of whitewashing words. Song Lian's article provided a model for the later "Tiger Style" writers' literary creation. In addition, influenced by Buddhism and Taoism, some of Song Lian's works are also gloomy and sentimental.

His literary fame spread far and wide overseas. During the Hongwu period, envoys from Korea, Japan, Annan and other countries paid double the price for Song Lian's collected works. Song Lian is a brilliant historian, who presided over the compilation of the 2 10 Yuan History. Wang Yi compared him with Sima Qian, and scholars from all directions called him Tai Shigong. His achievements in literature masked his achievements in history. It is said that he was good at remembering historical times when he was studying Three Biographies of the Spring and Autumn Annals in his youth. As an adult, I also like to create biographies and epitaphs.

He changed the previous method of admonishing your majesty with history as a mirror, and created a method of admonishing your majesty with today as a mirror. He is a school of "learning while learning". Hongwu Zheng Sheng's Record of Political Affairs and his other book Biography of Puyang had a great influence in the history of Ming Dynasty.

Song Lian insists that prose should be used by Ming Dow, drawing lessons from classics, emphasizing "what is said has substance", paying attention to "changing with changes" and demanding "writing with feelings", so his prose is more substantial and has certain artistic skills. In the next generation, Song Lian is the first person to open a private library. He took it as his duty to inherit the feudal Confucian orthodoxy, and advocated "learning from the classics" and "learning from the ancients" of the characters and learning from the Tang and Song Dynasties. His works are very rich.

His works, represented by biographical sketches and narrative essays, are concise, elegant and graceful, with their own characteristics. Since the founding of the Ming Dynasty, most of the imperial rites and music systems were formulated by Song Lian. Liu Ji praised him as "the first article today", and scholars from all directions called him "Tai Shigong".

Song Lian is honest in front of property. He once wrote a big word on the door: "I would rather starve to death than live for profit." The gentleman regards this sentence as a famous saying. If the formidable person is someone Song Lian doesn't like, even if he takes a bag full of gold, even if there is a little contradiction in the discussion, he won't accept the money.

Japanese envoys were ordered to ask Song Lian for an article and gave him 120 gold, which Song Lian refused to accept. When Zhu Yuanzhang asked him about it, Song Lian replied: "China's courtiers accept the currency of barbarian countries, which is not the way to safeguard the country."