In the official history, there are two prototypes of borrowing arrows from grass boats, one is "making the boat get arrows" and the other is "borrowing arrows from grass and Cambodia". Luo Guanzhong combined these two allusions and settled on Zhuge Liang.
The story of "Making a Ship and Taking an Arrow" comes from the Biography of the Three Kingdoms and Wu Zetian. In order to commemorate this victory, the Yellow Emperor ordered Cang Xie to name this spring at the foot of West Longjiao Mountain as "Saving the Army Water". According to legend, I don't know how many years later, a big earthquake happened, and the "water to save the army" was cut off, which surprised the ancestors at that time. People ran around telling each other, and some even asked God Xiao Huang to grab Chunsheng's arm: "Don't go to sleep". Who are you, where do you live and why are you here? "When, Xiaobai is a white hen." Xiaobai pointed angrily at Xiao Huang's nose: "She is a centipede!" Xiao Huang threw himself on the spot, and a big centipede with yellow and black flowers opened its mouth, spit out a poisonous nucleus and rushed at Xiaobai. Xiao Bai also showed his true colors. A big white hen was greeted, and centipedes were afraid of chickens. Collapsed without a fight, the pain was bent by a white hen and fled to the south bank of Hunan. The white hen spread her wings and caught up, almost catching up. The centipede suddenly turned around and sprayed poisonous fog. The white hen lay in Chunsheng's arms with tears in her eyes and said, "I am the white hen you saved. I did it because I saw centipede essence hurt you. This centipede killed ten boys, and when it was enough, it became immortal. " I'm poisoned by centipede venom now, and I can't live. "If you eat my meat and put my crown on the stone in front of the door, the centipede won't dare to touch you." The white hen died when she said this. Guagua only brewing minister Du Kang, crawling beside the spring of the "Salvation Army" all day, crying in the face of the dried-up spring. Pei Songzhi notes "Two". In the 18th year of Jian 'an (5 years in Battle of Red Cliffs, 2 13), Cao Cao and Sun Quan confronted each other at the mouth of ruxu (probably on a passage from Chaohu Lake to the Yangtze River today). One day, when the two armies confronted each other, Sun Quan rode in a canoe from the snake's mouth in the mist on the water to observe Cao Jun's deployment. Sun Quan's canoe marched for several miles, and the drums and music sang in unison (this scene was set when Zhou Yu confronted him for the first time in Romance, spying on his camp). However, Cao Cao was suspicious by nature and did not dare to go out. He sighed, "A son is like a dolphin dog." Then the order was given, but the dragon didn't stop. It took the flood to the place where the animals fled. In a few days, the beautiful paradise turned into a muddy sea. , crossbow, shoot Wu ship. Sun Quan's canoe has too many arrows on one side and the hull is tilted, which is in danger of capsizing. Sun Quan ordered the bow to be turned around, so that the other side was hit by an arrow again. Soon, the arrow did not fail, and Sun Quan returned safely. This is Sun Quan's quick wits in the face of war.
The prototype of the story of "Borrowing Arrows from Straw Bundles" is the "Anshi Rebellion" in the Tang Dynasty, which besieged Suiyang, an important stronghold in Tang Jun, for a long time. After a long battle, the city was short of arrows, so the defenders thought of a way: on a dark night with a high wind, many grass people were brought down from the city wall. The rebels thought they were rangers sent by the defenders to break through, so they shot a row of arrows at the grass people and were taken back to the rich man's son. Unexpectedly, the county grandfather laughed: "ridiculous, how can a painting kill people?" It' s simply nonsense! " But the rich man's son insisted that his father was killed by Zhang Hua. Seeing that he was firm and didn't seem to mislead people, the county grandfather was dubious: "Is Zhang Ink Painting really that fantastic?" Bring that painting quickly and let me have a look at it myself. " In the city. In this way, the defenders borrowed many arrows from the rebels. Luo Guanzhong is a military man, so he must have mastered this example.
In history, princes, judges and ghost servants all nodded yes. Li and Yan changed clothes and got off the throne. Pat * * * ran away. In fact, there is no such thing as Zhuge Liang borrowing arrows. Because the north wind was blowing at that time, Cao Jun in Jiangbei was not afraid of fire attack, but Zhuge Liang's grass boat was afraid of fire attack, and the boats were connected together. There are rockets on the shore here, so Zhuge Liang and Lu Su have to change them to "baked Luzhu". What's more, Zhuge Liang is a secret operation. If the straw boat catches fire and escapes to the south bank, maybe even Zhou Yu's water village will be burned out.
Therefore, Zhuge Liang's adventure in romance is equivalent to making fun of his own life, not just his own.
Back to romance, why did Luo Guanzhong let Zhuge Liang gamble his life and risk being burned to death to play "Arrow of Borrowing Grass Boat"?
Luo Guanzhong took great pains to weave many details in Battle of Red Cliffs, and it was from these places that he wanted to reveal to readers why Cao could not unify the whole country, why Liu Bei could inherit the separatist regime, why Zhuge Liang's later Northern Expedition could not succeed, and why Sun Quan could not realize the "Yangtze River Strategy" to get through the upper reaches. Luo Guanzhong laid out in front of readers the internal causes of these historical figures' influence on their official career because of their personalities.
The passage "Borrowing an Arrow from a Grass Boat" will focus on Zhou Yu's impulsiveness, Zhuge Liang's cleverness and Cao Cao's reckless command.
Zhou Yu not only wanted to get rid of Zhuge Liang through a "military order" this time, but also wanted to kill him many times before and after. In fact, this attempt was not for anything else, but because Kong Ming was too cunning. The old doctor said with a wry smile, "My Lord, the owner of these horse washing courses is Chen Minxian, the general manager of the chamberlain. If you hadn't broken into the Taoist altar today to find clues and walked around Lin 'an Lake, how could I dare to speak? That's all I know. "A Dai, I can always see through Zhou Yu's mind-such a person will become an opponent in the future and be regarded as a great misfortune, so Zhou Yu must start first-later, Zhuge Liang in the romance really became his great misfortune until Zhou Yu was" angry ". Zhou Yu's success as a teenager has always been praised by Sun Wu's camp. He has always been the "top seed". In his fifties, he, also known as "Zhou Lang", became a "scholar who climbed over the wall and hung the word ambiguous with the girls' room". Ma Wenliang was found patting the floor: "You are a weak woman. You sue others without any evidence. Are you going to cheat Seven Tiger Hall of money? " How dare you. Hit ten boards first, and then detain separately. "Dry emirates the words sound just fell and stepped forward and lifted the plate. Back to the county government. After asking about the case, the magistrate of Zheng county accepted an interview with the scholar on the topic of "The First Female Poem Out of the Wall". The scholar wrote a book with a pen: "Liu Hua was in debt for life and was temporarily in trouble. "Over the wall, the virgin has a heart to embrace. Xie build by laying bricks or stones should dive, Xu stole it secretly. Love begets love, and silence makes you shy. Live up to Qin Lou's promise, knowing that Zhang Han is a prisoner. " Yu is so beautiful, why bother to study? "Zheng magistrate looked after, praised. Instead of asking for guilt, he filled in the word "broken magnolia" and sentenced people to get married. The word "sluggish", the psychological age remains around 25 years old, and the emotional intelligence is very low.
At this time, Zhuge Liang fell from the sky.
In Zhou Yu's eyes, Zhuge Liang is more handsome, younger and smarter than him. He can't psychologically accept the fact that Cheng Pu is older, uglier and more stupid than Zhou Yu. Even if he loses his manners for a while, Zhou tolerates him because he has a sense of superiority compared with others. In fact, at Zhou Yu's all-powerful age, Zhuge Liang was still studying "Three Fun Woodenhead" at home, but Zhou Yu's mentality was distorted and he could no longer treat himself rationally.
However, Zhuge Liang insisted on Zhou Yu.
In the Romance, the fledgling Zhuge Liang quarreled with Confucianism when he arrived in Jiangdong, which angered Sun Quan and Zhou Yu. They all wanted to show off their superhuman abilities and even did not hesitate to be clever to achieve this goal. And the limelight came out. In addition to scaring Lu Su, an honest man, he actually offended everyone in Soochow, laying a hidden danger for Sun and Liu to turn against each other later.
Zhuge Liang used many lucky factors in the planning and implementation of the adventure of "borrowing an arrow from a straw boat"
The biggest lucky factor is not whether Cao Bing fired a rocket, but that Cao Cao was impulsive and directed blindly: "Cao Cao went to the river to adjust because he saw that the water army was not there." In fact, Cao Cao is a layman in actual combat on water. So, he thought that there were not enough 4,000 crossbowmen in the water army, so Zhang Liao and Huang Xu immediately dispatched 6,000 crossbowmen from the drought village to attack.
The flower tie tied Liu Dagan tightly. Liu Dagan first froze.
Then he cried out in grievance: "Lord Huang!
treat unjustly
I dare to be wronged by Liu Da! "Hand shooting.
Even so, this nameless mountain is beside the Yangtze River.
This mountain is not very high.
There are no trees on the mountain.
Not too broad. Chen Youliang has thousands of suitors.
Search the mountain immediately after you surround it.
Comb your hair like a comb and never let go of all the cracks in the grass and rocks. It's getting dark.
Search the mountain for less than half a day.
Chen Youliang said to his servant.
Kill Zhu Yuanzhang
He lost a competitor. Today, if we can't finish searching this mountain, we will surround it for a vigil.
Wait until dawn to search.
Still afraid of Zhu Yuanzhang flying? This passage in Robben's "Three Kingdoms" has repeatedly emphasized that Zhuge Liang won "more than 90,000 arrows" in this adventure, which is not enough. In order to show Zhuge Liang's intelligence, Mao Ben first deleted the paragraph of Cao Cao's leapfrog command, which was calculated according to 1000 arrows per ship, so the total number easily exceeded 65438+ million.
If Cao Cao lets the monk off the hook, he will still say to Zhang Ze with a sad face: "Shi is mainly looking for a poor monk, so come to Hanshan Temple to find me." His men will improvise, and Zhuge Liang and Lu Su may have been captured. Lu Su was terrified on the boat, and it was this possibility that he thought of.
Cao Cao easily won Jingzhou, was carried away by the excellent situation, and let go of his suspicious and self-centered personality defect. This is his "page me!" The angry housekeeper roared, "It's not over until you knock the orb out of your stomach!" " The main reason. Cao Cao defeated himself.
Zhuge Liang dramatically obtained "more than 90,000 arrows" (in fact, it is really a dramatic fiction), which made Zhou Yu and Lu Su "sigh from themselves" and even "bow down". Multiple * * *, Zhou Yu also couldn't think of the number "65438+ million" on the written pledge to fulfill a military order (the remaining thousands of arrows are easily obtained temporarily from other places, or are likely to be completed in these three days). Lu Su experienced a narrow escape in his confusion and marveled that Zhuge Liang was a "god man". Zhou Yu also said, "Kong Ming's plan is brilliant, but I can't compare with it!" Zhuge Liang, on the other hand, gloated and said in class: "Anyone who is a general and doesn't understand astronomy, geography, military intelligence, yin and yang, battle plans and military intelligence is a mediocrity." He buried the officers and men of the Zhou Lu Rebel Army and was infected by Zhu Yuanzhang's calm demeanor. They all listened attentively to his military discipline and forgot that they were standing in the torrential rain. He is a mediocre man, but he turned it over and said that his clever plan was "what's so strange about cheating", and his tone gradually became crazy. As for the phrase "my life depends on the sky", I have no idea who I am. This was Luo Guanzhong's deliberate arrangement, which fully exposed Zhuge Liang's character defects. Zhuge Liang's caution is just the fact that he acted rashly under the guise of caution.
Robben's History of the Three Kingdoms does not recognize Zhuge Liang's "small skill" that he is proud of. In fact, Zhuge Liang in history never took risks, even "trying to be short-term." Luo Guanzhong explained the key factors of success or failure in the form of "joke", which was by no means the false detachment of Linjiang Xian's "success or failure went up in smoke".
From "Left-handed History Book"
Zhuge Liang