1937 graduated from Tsinghua University physics department. 1940 obtained a master's degree in physics department of yenching university. 194 1 year went to the United States and entered the University of California (Berkeley). 1943 received a doctorate in physics. Spectrum Laboratory and Radiation Laboratory of Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1943 ~ 1945, Institute of Metals, University of Chicago 1945 ~ 1949.
People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded and returned to Beijing with his wife He (Ph.D. in Physics, University of Michigan, USA) and their children in 1949+65438+ 10.
1949 ~ 1952 professor, department of physics, Tsinghua University, researcher, institute of applied physics, China academy of sciences. 1952 10 was transferred to Shenyang to participate in the establishment of Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences as a researcher and deputy director1961~1981year. 1955 was employed as a clerk of the Department of Mathematical Physics and Chemistry of China Academy of Sciences (now the Department of Mathematical Physics), 1980 was appointed as the vice president of Hefei Branch of China Academy of Sciences, and was responsible for preparing the Institute of Solid State Physics of China Academy of Sciences as the director and researcher of the Institute. 1979 was invited as a visiting professor at the Institute of Physics, Max Planck Institute of Metals, Germany. 1980 Invited by French universities, he served as a first-class visiting professor at the National Institute of Applied Sciences in Lyon and was elected as an academician of china law society Communication.
Pursuing democracy and science
In modern China, the pursuit of democracy was first associated with saving the country and resisting the aggression of western imperialism. Ge Tingkui's father Ge Qibin was an apprentice in a flour mill in Beijing when he was young. 1900 after Eight-Nation Alliance occupied Beijing, he fled back to his hometown on foot. He often tells Ge Tingsui the heroic stories of the Boxer Rebellion against foreign devils and the incidents in which foreigners bullied China people. This sowed the seeds of enriching the country and strengthening the people and rejuvenating China in Ge Tingyou's young mind.
1930, Ge Tingsui was admitted to the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University, and was funded by Shandong Province. During my study, influenced by my classmate Hu Qiaomu and others' advanced ideas, I took an active part in the patriotic student movement and opposed Chiang Kai-shek's dictatorship and non-resistance. /kloc-in 0/935, he participated in the famous "December 9th Movement" and joined the "Pioneer of Chinese National Liberation" led by China * * Production Party as the squadron leader. Late one night, the Beiping authorities sent military police to surround the Tsinghua campus to search for progressive students. Ge Tingsui hid in teacher Ye's dormitory, safe and sound. From 65438 to 0938, Ge Tingsui was admitted to the Department of Physics of yenching university as a graduate student and served as a teaching assistant. Later, under the cover of yenching university, Ge Tingsui secretly provided important equipment and scientific and technological information for the anti-Japanese guerrillas.
Initiate international research on solid internal friction
From 65438 to 0938, Ge Tingsui met with Ms. He in yenching university Institute of Physics. At this time, He returned to China after receiving his doctorate in the United States and taught in the Physics Department of yenching university. Decades later, recalling the scene at that time, they said that patriotism bound us together. 1940, Ge Tingsui obtained the Master of Science degree from yenching university. 1941July, Ge Tingsui got married in Shanghai. In August, they went to the United States with the ideal of "saving the country through science". In that completely strange foreign land, Ge Tingyou began the difficult course of marching into science.
At the University of California, it took Ge Tingkui only two years to get a Ph.D. degree in physics on the thesis entitled "Research on Invisible Ultraviolet Light Sources", and its achievements were applied to the reconnaissance work of the US military when it recovered the islands in the Southern Ocean.
Subsequently, he was invited to the Spectroscopy Laboratory of Massachusetts Institute of Technology to engage in the spectroscopic work of chemical analysis of uranium and its compounds related to the Manhattan atomic bomb; In the radiation laboratory of the college, the automatic switching of long-range radar transceiver antenna is studied. Because of his outstanding work performance, Ge Tingsui won two awards, a medal and a patent from the National Defense Research Council of the United States.
From 65438 to 0945, after the end of World War II, Ge Tingkui participated in the preparatory work of the Institute of Metals of the University of Chicago, and was the second researcher of the Institute. 1946, Ge Tingsui pioneered the research of "internal friction" torsion pendulum instrument, which was named "Ge's torsion pendulum" internationally. 1947, Ge Tingyi first discovered the internal friction peak at the grain boundary (named Ge Feng) with this instrument, and expounded the viscous properties between grains, which laid a theoretical foundation for the anelastic internal friction. 1949, he proposed a model of disordered atomic clusters at grain boundaries, which is called "Grignard boundary model".
In just four years, Ge Tingsui has independently achieved a series of groundbreaking and pioneering scientific research achievements, ranking among the world's scientific celebrities and becoming one of the founders of the international solid internal friction field. However, just when his scientific career was in full swing, Ge Tingsui turned his attention to the motherland thousands of miles away-a sacred home that he would never forget.
Return to the new motherland
1949, the new China was born. With the support of the underground party in China, Ge Tingsui actively engaged in mobilizing and organizing scholars studying in the United States to return to China to participate in various activities of building a new China. In February of the same year, Ge Tingsui and others initiated and established the China Association of Scientists Studying in the United States, and he served as the chairman. One day in May, Ge Tingsui received a letter from Cao Richang, an underground party member who teaches at the University of Hong Kong. Ask him to send a letter to Qian Xuesen, telling him that the "northern authorities" want him to return to China as soon as possible to lead the aviation industry construction in Northeast China or North China. Ge Tingsui gladly complied, and forwarded it with an enthusiastic letter, which wrote:
With his profound academic attainments and international reputation, if he is willing to return to China resolutely, it will affect all China people in the United States and create an atmosphere of returning to China as soon as possible to join the construction, which will benefit New China immensely. Although my brother is not sensitive, he is very willing to follow him back to China to serve. Brother deeply feels that his personal attainments and academic status are infinitely few compared with that of struggle for existence in the whole nation-state. Considering that we have been abroad for a long time, we are like watching a huge fire in struggle for existence from the other side in China. We feel sad and ashamed!
Qian Xuesen has kept this letter. 1993 On the eve of Ge Tingyi's eightieth birthday, Qian Xuesen wrote in his birthday letter: "I will never forget that you inspired me to return from the United States as soon as possible to serve new China." Love is beyond words.
1 949101October1day, President Mao Zedong solemnly declared to the world: "The people of China and the Republic of China have been established!" On this day, Ge Tingsui hosted a commemorative meeting in Chicago in the name of the American Association for Studying Abroad, risking his life to raise a bright five-star red flag. He also invited 34 students from Tsinghua University to send telegrams to Professor Ye in China to convey his congratulations to the new China. He really felt the pride of being a China person. In June of the same year165438+1October, Ge Tingsui and his wife He Yiran returned to China with their 7-year-old daughter Ge Yunpei and their 2-year-old son Ge, who were born in the United States.
When the coastline looms in the east, Ge Tingsui standing on the deck can no longer hold back the torrent of passion. He opened his arms and cheered loudly: "We are back to the great motherland ..."
This year, Ge Tingyou was 36 years old. Later, when someone asked about his age, Ge Tingsui always said that the establishment of New China gave me a new life, and I was the same age as * * * and China.
Chairman Mao's interview and encouragement
After returning to China, Ge Tingsui became a professor in the Department of Physics of Tsinghua University, and was later hired as a researcher at the Institute of Applied Physics of China Academy of Sciences. He established a metal physics laboratory in Tsinghua campus, which opened the first page of China's research on metal internal friction. 1950 In August, Ge Tingsui attended the first national natural science conference held in Beijing on behalf of the China Association of Scientists Studying in the United States, during which he was received by President Mao Zedong. Ge Tingsui strongly felt that it was the * * * production party and revolutionary martyrs that opened up a broad road for the scientific and technological cause of new China, and he was determined to forge ahead along this road!
1952, Ge Tingsui and He responded to the call to build a heavy industry base in Northeast China, and left Beijing and Tsinghua campuses with their families for Shenyang to participate in the preparatory work for the Institute of Metals of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
1955, the first academician conference of China Academy of Sciences was held in Beijing. People's Republic of China (PRC)'s first academic committee member (academician) was born at the meeting. As a member of the third generation of overseas students in China, Ge Tingsui became an academician scientist. From 65438 to 0956, Ge Tingsui won the second prize of the National Natural Science Award for his series of papers on "Research on Internal Friction and Mechanical Properties of Metals". In the days when he marched into science, this award won by Ge Tingsui was particularly eye-catching, because it was the only experimental research achievement in China among the three first prizes and five second prizes awarded at that time.
In order to let the world know about the construction achievements of the new China and open the door to scientific and cultural exchanges, under the personal care of President Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai, a "China Scientific Delegation to Japan" was formed in June1955165438+1October. Guo Moruo, president of China Academy of Sciences, is the head of the delegation. Ge Tingsui, then 42, was honored to be a member of the delegation as a representative of physics and metallography. After returning from the visit, the members of the delegation were warmly received by Mao Zedong. When reporting, Guo Moruo pointed to Ge Tingsui and introduced to Mao Zedong: "He is the youngest member of the delegation, and several academic reports made at the University of Tokyo and other cities are very popular." Mao Zedong looked at Ge Tingsui with great interest and said, "Well, we should catch up and train young people!" Ge Tingsui's eyes were moist, and he personally felt the incomparable trust and ardent hope of the new China leaders for young scientific and technological workers.
Cultivate world-class talents on their own land
From 65438 to 0979, Ge Tingsui realized his lifelong pursuit and became the producer of China * * * party member. In his application for joining the Party, he solemnly expressed his determination to leave the rest of his life to the Party and make greater contributions to the modernization of science and technology.
From 65438 to 0980, Ge Tingsui moved from Shenyang to Hefei to participate in the construction of Hefei scientific research base, and served as the vice president of Hefei Branch of China Academy of Sciences, responsible for the establishment of the Institute of Solid State Physics. Recalling the scene of going south that year, he told an experience. 1949 when I came back from the United States, a kind American friend said that China people could not do science and technology. They say how many names of China people can be found by reading modern science and technology books? I told them unconvinced that we had four great inventions. 1980 In August, I met some old foreign friends who thought China was backward in science and technology. During the conversation, they admitted that among the famous scientists in the international scientific community, there are many names of China people, but these people were all trained abroad and their achievements were also abroad. My national pride has been greatly hurt. I think, can't we cultivate world-class talents and produce world-class results on our own land and in our own laboratory? Yes, we can!
Ge Tingsui is determined to cultivate his own laboratory talents in China and create world-class scientific research results. 1982, Institute of Solid State Physics enrolled 15 graduate students. On the admission notice, he asked the candidates to answer one by one: How did you serve the four modernizations and revitalize China in the Institute of Solid State Physics? Can you adapt to the harsh environment when the laboratory was established? How to treat the emphasis on unity and cooperation, collective discussion and individual learning in research work? Obviously, he is asking candidates to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values. It is precisely because of the lofty ideal of rejuvenating China, the fighting spirit of overcoming difficulties and the fine style of unity and struggle that the research group of the Institute of Solid State Physics, which combines the old, the middle-aged and the young, has always maintained a strong fighting capacity, persistently studied scientific difficulties, and finally moved to the forefront of world scientific research.
Today, 20 years later, the "Open Laboratory of Internal Friction and Solid Defects" founded and led by Ge Tingkui has already become one of the internationally renowned research centers. The laboratory has won seven national and international science awards. 1989 In July, the 9th International Conference on Solid Internal Friction and Ultrasonic Attenuation was held in Beijing. Ge Tingsui successfully presided over this academic event and won the international prize for internal friction and ultrasonic attenuation. This is the highest international award in this discipline, and so far only three scientists in the world have won this honor. The conference proceedings include 159 papers, of which 69 belong to China. This makes Ge Tingsui feel very gratified. He said: "Through the review of this meeting, our solid internal friction research team, which combines the old with the young, has finally won some honors for the people of China."
10 years later, 1999 Ge Tingyi won the Mel Prize, the highest academic award of American TMS. After learning that Ge Mei Ting won the Nobel Prize, Dr. Yang Zhenning wrote to Ge Mei Ting: "I want to congratulate you! For more than 60 years, your contribution to the problem of internal friction and China's efforts to train talents in materials science are commendable. "
Childish feelings and noble manners.
Ge Tingsui devoted himself to exploring the scientific and technological progress of the motherland in his career, and he also thought about national interests everywhere in his life. Although he is a famous scientist with outstanding achievements, he never pursues personal enjoyment of life. His words and deeds sparkled with the fine moral character of new China intellectuals, which left a deep impression and enlightenment on the young scientific and technological workers around him.
From 65438 to 0979, Ge Tingsui was a visiting professor at Max Planck Institute of Metals in Stuttgart, West Germany. His salary is high, but like a young man, he goes to work by bus every day. The young man advised him, "Don't take the bus with us at your age." Ge Tingkui said with a smile: "Our country is engaged in the' four modernizations' under the economic difficulties. Saving one more mark of foreign exchange is the support for the' four modernizations' construction. " In June165438+1October of the same year, I was invited to attend an international academic conference in Japan from West Germany and returned home by the way. Before he left, he stuffed two pairs of semi-old leather shoes into his travel bag. Someone asked inexplicably, "Why did you bring old leather shoes back to China all the way?" He replied, "Take it back and mend it." It used to cost tens of marks to repair in West Germany, so he had to take his old leather shoes back to China for repair.
From 65438 to 0995, Ge Tingsui was invited to attend an academic conference in Japan. He is going to take a civil aviation flight from Hefei to Shanghai and then go abroad. As soon as the conductor saw Ge Tingsui's certificate marked "Academician", he insisted on selling him luxury class tickets, and Ge Tingsui resolutely declined.
"Look at the former sages and their families, they became thrifty and were defeated by luxury." Ge Tingsui firmly believes that this philosophy in ancient poetry will never go out of date. At ordinary times, he even saves office paper very much, and uses a piece of paper repeatedly until it is not used. Used calendars have also been used, and I can't bear to throw them away. 199 1 year, Anhui province suffered from catastrophic floods, and Ge Tingyi made four donations. He also made many donations to Hope Project and Hefei Branch Children's School of Chinese Academy of Sciences. He said that party member, as a product of * * *, should try its best to share worries for the country and solve problems for the people. 199 1 year, Ge Tingsui was awarded the title of Excellent party member by Anhui Provincial Committee.
In July, Hu Jintao, then member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and secretary of the Secretariat, met with an academician of China Academy of Sciences. As Hu Jintao is a graduate of Tsinghua, he was affectionately called an "old-timer" as soon as he met Ge Tingsui. Two alumni had a long talk about brain drain and the cultivation of "four haves" youth. Hu Jintao also read out Ge Tingsui's report "Love the Motherland, Dedicate to Science" to young friends on May 4th, and paid deep respect to the old scientist's childlike innocence and lofty demeanor.
The last stage of life is still shining
From 65438 to March, 1999, Ge Tingsui returned from the United States to receive the Mel Prize, and continued to bury himself in the writing of academic works. In June, during an anorectal operation, it was unexpectedly found that a small lump on his left leg was malignant fibrous histiocytoma. In July, another leg enlargement operation was performed. The news spread to the provincial party Committee, provincial government and provincial CPPCC, and leaders at all levels visited it many times and instructed to provide the best medical services.
Ge Tingsui didn't know that he was terminally ill. He believes that he has been in good health and will get better soon. Like all aspiring people, Ge Tingyou just feels that there is something to do. His pure faith has not changed, and he will continue to fight for the cause of science. Before he died, he carefully revised a paper of tens of thousands of words while infusion and dressing change, and sent it abroad for publication on the occasion of * * * and China's 50th birthday. After seven months' hard work, by this year 1 month, he finally finished one of the academic monographs with more than 600,000 words, Theoretical Basis of Solid Internal Friction [Grain Boundary Relaxation and Grain Boundary Structure]. Ge Tingsui enjoyed the harvest, but he didn't feel relieved. On February 5th, I attended the Spring Festival group meeting of the Institute of Solid State Physics. After listening to everyone's speeches, Ge Tingyou challenged the young people: I still have four years of plans to write two more books. Would you like to make a four-year plan?
However, cancer cells devoured Ge Tingyou's body crazily. My right hand feels weak and a small tumor appears on my leg. After examination, the lesion has spread to his brain, lungs and liver, poisoning his whole blood. Unfortunately, he fell down again ... under the pressure of the landslide, he was forced to stay in bed all day, stop writing and receive phototherapy. He knows how well his family hints at him, but he always looks unusually strong in front of others. He often gets people to help him get into a wheelchair and walk indoors. He said, I will stand up one day. Even if my right hand is not good, I can still practice writing with my left hand. He still pays close attention to the internal cause he loves all his life and the generation of young people he hopes for.
Let's read some original records sorted out from the tape.
On March 22nd, Ge Tingsui told the visitors of Shenyang Institute of Metal that young people should be encouraged to refuel and innovate. It is good that the young people in Guyuan Hospital have done some innovative work. I hope that the metal institute will always come, and we will cooperate together to surpass foreigners together.
On April 1 day, He Yizhen personally sent a bouquet of azaleas in full bloom. Ge Tingsui looked at the flowers, turned his eyes to his 60-year-old wife, and finally stopped at He's broken hand, saying affectionately that it was broken three times! He said to Yizhen: It's all right now. Say that finish, two people meaningfully hook up again. He Yizhen repeatedly encouraged him and said, "You have to fight the disease and stick to it." Ge Tingsui said, "I'll do it."
On April 1 1, Ge Tingsui said to the leaders of the solid institute: I hope the solid can be developed, and the internal friction and nanometer depend on you. We should pay close attention to training and introducing talents. How can a young man master everything? Look at their advantages. Young people in their thirties and forties can still do it for many years.
On April 13, Xu Jiaojiao was a little girl rescued by Project Hope. Now she has been admitted to a local key middle school with excellent results, and she is also a local three-good student. She will go to Beijing to attend the National Young Pioneers Congress on June 1 this year. After listening to the report of the Communist Youth League Committee, Ge Tingsui said: Now that she has achieved good results, she should continue to work hard and not be complacent. I hope she will make great achievements in the future. Then he said, I hope I can give other poor children appropriate help through you in the future.
On April 22nd, Ge Tingsui advocated that "science has no national boundaries, but scientists have the motherland". Influenced by his parents, his son Ge returned from France on 1990. Grandson Ge Shusen is currently studying in France. On this day, Ge Tingsui repeatedly told Ge Shusen's mother: Don't come back to see me, tell him to study hard and get a degree, and he must return to China.
Ge Tingyou's condition is getting worse and worse. His immune system has completely collapsed, and various complications in the late stage of cancer afflict him, but Ge Meiting just silently endured it. He knew that Marx was waving to him. On the morning of April 29th, Ge Tingyou left.
However, he didn't leave us completely. His related organs have been donated, so that he can contribute to the progress of medical science on the journey of conquering cancer; His ashes will be scattered on the land of Qilu, so that he will still snuggle up with his motherland and never part!