Why don't this generation of young people want children? Among many reasons, the high cost of raising a baby is a problem that social reflection is relatively concentrated. In order to reduce the pressure of child-rearing, recently, many places have intensively introduced birth reward and subsidy policies.
For example, Guangzhou issued the regulation of 13, which increased the parental leave of 10 day. In addition, Shenzhen plans to introduce a maternity subsidy policy in the near future, and families with three children can get a maximum subsidy of 6.5438+0.9 million yuan. Jinan, Changsha, Harbin and other places have also introduced policies to encourage fertility.
However, on June 5438+1October 15, Li Ting, a member of the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a professor at the School of Social and Population Studies of Renmin University of China, said, "According to our team's survey of college students, 80% of college students' ideal state is to have two children, and very few people want to have three, and only 4% want to have one. "
65438+ 10/5, "80% of college students want to have a second child" rushed to the first hot search in Weibo.
Some netizens said, "Why not ask the young people who have worked?" "I don't know where the data came from. Why didn't I catch up once? "
Guangzhou: Add 10 days of parental leave. Families with two or three children have discounts on buying and renting houses.
65438+ 10 On June 3, Guangzhou Municipal Health and Health Commission issued the Regulations on Population and Family Planning Services in Guangzhou (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations), which clearly defined the contents of adding parental leave, one-child care leave and establishing a universal parental service system. The new policy came into effect on March 6, 2023.
What are the highlights of the new regulations? The Southern Metropolis Daily reporter combed four major changes for everyone.
Increase 10 days of parental leave
The Regulations clearly stipulate that on the basis of the 98-day maternity leave stipulated by the state, the woman enjoys 80 days of incentive leave, totaling 178 days, and the man enjoys 15 days of paternity leave.
Parents who have children in compliance with laws and regulations are entitled to 10 days of parental leave every year within 3 years old. The vacation period shall not be re-set or increased or decreased due to the change of the employer, and the vacation method shall be determined by the employer and the employee through consultation according to the actual situation.
With the consent of the employer, both husband and wife can adjust the holiday distribution of incentive leave and parental leave. If the woman voluntarily reduces the incentive leave and parental leave, the paternity leave and parental leave enjoyed by the man can be increased accordingly.
There are discounts for buying a house and renting a house
If a two-child family purchases a house for the first time, the amount of provident fund loans can be appropriately increased. The "Regulations" pointed out that families who have given birth to more than two children in accordance with laws and regulations can purchase the first set of self-occupied housing and apply for housing provident fund loans. If they meet the conditions for housing provident fund loans, the maximum loan amount can be appropriately adjusted and increased. Housing provident fund loan support policies shall be formulated separately by the housing provident fund management department.
The "Regulations" propose that for families who meet the housing security conditions and have minor children in this city, the competent department of housing and urban-rural construction can give appropriate care in housing selection according to the number of minor children when implementing public rental housing security, and give priority to the protection of three-child families with minor children according to regulations.
The only child enjoys nursing leave.
The Regulations emphasize the need to protect the legitimate rights and interests of family planning families. During the period when the state encourages a couple to have one child, the employer shall give their children nursing leave in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and the province. At the same time, eligible only-child parents enjoy necessary support subsidies such as community home care and daily care.
The "Regulations" also mentioned that policies related to basic old-age care and medical security should be implemented for eligible family members with special difficulties in family planning; Issue special subsidies for family planning; Give priority to public pension institutions and provide free or low-cost nursing services; For housing difficulties, priority should be given to housing security; Those who are willing to work will get employment assistance first.
Promote the establishment of a universal nursery service system.
The "Regulations" specifically mention that kindergartens with conditions are encouraged to set up kindergarten classes to recruit children aged 2 to 3. Encourage qualified kindergartens to provide custody services under the guidance of the local education administrative department and in combination with the actual situation.
Many places have introduced birth rewards and subsidies. In some places, the monthly allowance for three children is 1000 yuan.
Recently, the Shenzhen Municipal Health and Wellness Committee publicly solicited opinions on the "Measures for the Administration of Child-rearing Subsidies in Shenzhen" and initially drafted the measures for child-rearing subsidies in Shenzhen. If the third child is born, it is planned to pay a one-time maternity allowance of 1 10,000 yuan and a three-year cumulative subsidy of10.9 million yuan.
The specific criteria are as follows:
If the first child is registered at home, it is planned to pay a one-time maternity allowance of 3,000 yuan, in addition to an annual child-rearing allowance of 1500 yuan, with a cumulative subsidy of 7,500 yuan for three years, with an average annual allowance of 2,500 yuan.
If the second child is born at home and registered, it is planned to issue a one-time maternity allowance of 5,000 yuan, and then issue a childcare allowance of 2,000 yuan every year. The accumulated subsidy for three years is 1 1 000 yuan, with an average annual subsidy of 3,667 yuan.
If the third child is registered at home, it is planned to pay a one-time maternity allowance of 1 10,000 yuan, in addition to a child-rearing allowance of 3,000 yuan per year, and a cumulative subsidy of10.9 million yuan for three years, with an average annual income of 6,333 yuan. The above subsidies are paid from the day when the child reaches the age of 3. If there are more than three children, counting from the third child.
65438+1October 10 According to Qilu Evening News, a few days ago, Jinan issued the "Implementation Plan for Optimizing the Birth Policy to Promote the Long-term Balanced Development of the Population", actively implementing the three-child birth policy and promoting the long-term balanced development of the population.
It mentioned:
Implement the vacation policy for couples who have children in accordance with regulations. The woman enjoys maternity leave of 158 days, the spouse enjoys paternity leave of not less than 15 days, and the parents of babies under 3 years old enjoy parental leave of not less than 10 days every year.
Families with two or three children born after June 65438+1 October1in 2023, who have registered in this city, will receive 600 yuan child-rearing allowance every month until the children reach the age of 3.
Apply for housing provident fund loans to buy the first set of self-occupied housing, with a maximum loan of 600,000 yuan per employee family/kloc-0 who has paid housing provident fund, and a maximum loan of 900,000 yuan for two or more employee families who have paid housing provident fund; Workers' families with three children apply for housing provident fund loans to buy the first set of self-occupied housing. A worker's family with one person paying the housing provident fund can borrow up to 600,000 yuan, and a worker's family with two or more people paying the housing provident fund can borrow up to 1 10,000 yuan.
According to the first financial report, Harbin recently proposed that couples with local household registration and working and living in the city should pay monthly childcare allowance to families with two or more children according to the policy until their children reach the age of three. The specific subsidy measures shall be implemented in accordance with the documents of relevant departments.
10 On June 3rd last year, the Changsha Municipal Health and Health Commission and the Municipal Finance Bureau issued the Notice on Issues Concerning the Payment of Three-Child Support Subsidies, which provided a one-time subsidy of 10000 yuan to eligible families with three children (or above). In June this year, 65438+ 10/0, Changsha City Federation of Trade Unions released a message that Changsha City Federation of Trade Unions innovated to carry out maternity subsidy activities. Within the scope of the birth policy, female employees who participate in the medical mutual aid project for employees will be given a one-time subsidy of 1000 yuan for each child.
A few days ago, Heihe, a border city, issued the Implementation Measures of Supporting Measures for Optimizing the Birth Policy and Promoting the Long-term Balanced Development of the Population in Heihe (Trial), proposing that "couples who have two children according to law should be given a monthly cumulative child-rearing allowance of 500 yuan (250 yuan for each husband and wife) before the children reach the age of three years (36 months). For couples who have given birth to three or more children according to law, a total of 1 ,000 yuan (500 yuan for each husband and wife) will be paid until the children reach the age of three (36 months). "
It is worth noting that some cities have extended maternity subsidies and child health care subsidies to one child. For example, Hengshui City, Hebei Province proposed that in terms of parenting support, in order to reduce the cost of family care, the care institutions should give subsidies to infants under 3 years old who meet the birth policy to pay for care. The first baby should be paid to 300 yuan, the second 500 yuan and the third 800- 1200 yuan every month.
Ningshan county, Shaanxi Province, proposed that at least one spouse should give a one-time maternity allowance of 2,000 yuan, 3,000 yuan and 5,000 yuan respectively to couples who have one child, two children and three children in line with the policy.
Expert: 80% of college students want to have two babies, and Dink only accounts for 4%.
According to the report of beijing business today today, on June 5438+ 10/5, the first session of the 14th Beijing Municipal Political Consultative Conference entered the second day. Li Ting, a member of the CPPCC and a professor at the School of Social and Population Studies of Renmin University of China, said in an interview at his residence that to promote the fertility rate, we should pay attention to systematic linkage, support the care of infants aged 0-3, and introduce a combination of policies such as separate maternity allowance and tax relief.
"Fewer children is the general trend all over the world." Li Ting bluntly said that with the development and progress of society, the concept of fertility of a new generation of young people is changing. "According to our team's survey of college students, the ideal state of 80% of college students is to have two children, and very few people want to have three. The unwanted' Dink' group is only 4%. "
Although young people, represented by college students, are willing to have children, the realistic dilemma of not having children cannot be ignored. "The marriage and childbirth dilemma faced by young people is actually a complex linkage system including personal planning and career development." Li Ting said, on the one hand, the material basis of childbearing and marriage has been greatly improved; on the other hand, the working concept of the younger generation is also changing. "Work has become a way for many young people to realize the value of life. In particular, women's emphasis on work has risen to a new height. "
"The key to improving fertility willingness is to improve the good expectations of marriageable fertility groups for future development." Li Ting said.
"Whether Beijing will implement childcare subsidies or maternity allowances in the future may be considered after piloting the same type of cities." Li Ting said that if the maternity allowance works, Beijing will catch up with the policy sooner or later. "We must maintain a good balance in the proportion of maternity allowance. On the one hand, we should achieve sufficient stimulus effect, on the other hand, we should not cause huge financial burden. This is a policy that needs long-term research. "
In addition to improving young people's fertility willingness, many parents born after 90, 80 or even 70 are also waiting to see the feasibility of giving birth again. "At present, everyone is more concerned about whether artificial assisted reproductive technology will be included in medical insurance. As far as I know, the Health and Health Commission is also studying the feasibility of including medical insurance. " Li Ting said that reproductive technology involves many links, and the price elasticity of each link is complicated. "The inclusive fertility policy should be the general direction of the country's future development. The core of inclusiveness lies in helping people with fertility to achieve fertility."