College students are the main force of China's future construction, and the university stage is also an important stage for students' own development. If the problems in this period are not taken seriously, it is easy to have psychological problems. Especially in some special occasions, such as parents' divorce or relatives' death, red light in school, emotional changes and possible illegal infringement. Therefore, how to give correct guidance and timely communication in these stages that are easy to cause psychological problems and help them get out of their psychological predicament as soon as possible is something that social education departments, universities and families must attach importance to. In addition, how to find the suicidal students among college students as soon as possible is also a crucial aspect.
Present situation of contemporary college students' suicide
In recent years, in most colleges and universities in China, students have committed suicide because of various problems, and with the acceleration of the pace of development of the times, this trend has an upward trend.
(A) the phenomenon analysis
Under the academic pressure of today's society and the employment pressure after graduation, some students who have not developed strong psychological quality in their previous lives have great deficiencies in their psychological adaptability, and serious students even have no hope of life, thus relying on suicide to achieve "liberation." On October 201April 16, a graduate student of Sun Yat-sen University committed suicide in the dormitory, because of the pressure from family and study. 201May 18, a graduate student of Central South University committed suicide by jumping off a building because he failed to defend his master's thesis. 2016165438+10.21,a girl from lingnan university committed suicide in her dormitory due to emotional reasons and family problems. These phenomena did not happen in recent years. On February 28th, 2006, a senior student of Chengdu Dianzi University committed suicide by jumping off a building because he failed CET-4. In September, 2006, a senior male student in a university in Gansu committed suicide by jumping off a building because of his failed graduation design. These phenomena only appeared in recent ten years, and there is a growing trend. Take Guangdong Province as an example. According to the official statistics of 20 10, the number of college students who committed suicide was 26, of which 5 attempted suicide. Why is this phenomenon frequent? What kind of psychological motivation makes students choose to end their lives? This behavior not only brings pain to families, but also brings some negative pressure to colleges and universities. How to strengthen students' psychological education has become an urgent problem.
(B) the characteristics of the problem
A research survey analyzed 36 suicides in colleges and universities in recent years. In this survey, boys 15, girls 2 1. Among these people, poor families account for a higher proportion. And in these cases, there are 6 specialists, 6 postgraduates and 24 undergraduates. And most of them are graduating students. Among them, excellent 13 cases, good in 8 cases, fair in 9 cases and poor in 6 cases. To some extent, this shows that there is little correlation between grades and suicide. From the investigation of the reasons behind these cases, 16 cases were caused by academic factors, interpersonal relationships, family situation, hopelessness for the future, etc. 1 1 cases were caused by emotional problems, 8 cases were mentally disabled and 2 cases were disabled. These findings directly point to some key problems, and psychological problems are the essence of these phenomena.
Second, the psychological analysis of suicide.
From a psychological point of view, the causes of college students' suicide can be analyzed from social, biological and cognitive perspectives.
Social perspective
Looking at the development of teenagers at this level, psychological problems are a very prominent problem. First of all, China is now in a period of rapid development. The times are changing rapidly, things and ideas are changing with each passing day, and the public's psychology is suffering from the violent impact and influence brought about by the change. Second, since the family planning policy was implemented in China, great changes have taken place in the population structure. The most prominent feature is the large number of only children, which has reached one-third of the national population. Generally speaking, the environment for the only child to grow up is relatively good, which makes the only child rarely encounter obstacles or difficulties in the process of growing up. The typical feature is their weak psychological endurance. Third, China has not invested enough in college students' mental health. Although many relevant guidance documents have been issued by relevant departments and colleges and universities have taken various measures to solve these problems, psychological education is still facing the problem of shortage of professional talents and has not received public attention. And students with psychological problems cannot be taken into account, which leads to students' subjective resistance to psychotherapy and problem-solving by themselves.
The environment in which students live is also an important factor, and they have not received corresponding care and guidance after encountering psychological problems. For example, the pressure brought by family's high expectations of students, the employment pressure brought by academic influence, neglect or discrimination in interpersonal communication, etc. , may be the cause of students to take extreme behavior.
(B) From a biological point of view
According to the biological point of view, for people at different stages, the same thing has different effects on this person, and the degree of psychological reaction is also different. For college students who are in their youth, their understanding of the world, emotional control and the influence of their own behavior have not yet reached stability. There has been a fierce conflict between the real world and the ideal world, and neither the real life nor the ideal life has achieved the recognition of the guest and the host. In this state, they will be very sensitive to the outside world, and simple psychological problems will become complex psychological problems. In order to find a solution, I lost my rational judgment and tried to solve it with a negative attitude.
(C) Cognitive perspective
The growth process of college students is also a period of shaping their own values. According to cognitive theory, when an individual faces psychological pressure, it is not the pressure brought by the event itself, but the pressure burden brought by the assumption made by the individual. It usually enlarges the influence of things on yourself. For example, failing a subject in the final exam will lead to the assumption that you can't make up the exam, retake the exam or even graduate. These well-known pressures come from these assumptions. The cognition of things is distorted and exaggerated, which leads to the spread of negative attitudes, which in turn leads to more serious psychological problems, and finally leads to the collapse of self and the end of life in a "free" way.
Third, psychological intervention strategies.
It is necessary to carry out psychological intervention on students who are suicidal. Psychological intervention is an effective way to relieve inner pressure.