German proficiency requirements for studying in Germany
When applying for admission, except for international courses and individual majors, universities generally require applicants to study German for more than 800 hours, and many require students to take the DSH exam or show other valid language certificates when they enter the school. At present, there are two recognized German exams: TestDaF and DSH.
The importance of language is self-evident, which is the foundation of our survival in Germany. It is generally believed that German is difficult. German undergraduate students have really high requirements for language, especially for liberal arts majors. The main reason is that there are too many reports and closed-book exams for German liberal arts majors, which must be basic courses. It is really a great challenge for China students to take more closed-book exams. Unlike the Master of Arts in Germany, I have been writing a thesis, which is relatively easy.
Therefore, my advice to you is to learn languages well. Preparatory course is a very important step to lay a good foundation for language. After one to one and a half years of preparatory study, students' language level can reach the level of C 1. At the same time, after graduating from preparatory courses, we should continue to study German seriously. Make more German friends, speak less Chinese, improve oral English and do more textual research.
Introduction to German Proficiency Test for Science in Germany
DSH, the German test for foreign students to apply for university entrance. Organized, proposed and graded independently by German universities. The school will inform the applicant of the time and place of DSH in the admission notice. The exam is very difficult. If the candidate fails the first time, he can take 1 time (up to 2 times) after half a year. If you don't pass DSH in one university, you can't take this exam in other universities.
First, the written test structure
Only one German-German dictionary is allowed in the written test, which lasts for 3-4 hours and consists of the following three parts:
1, listening
Listening mainly examines whether students have the ability to attend classes and take notes in Germany.
The content of the article is usually related articles in class, such as economic and scientific literature, and the article is usually a short article of 5000-7000 words. Before starting the exam, the examiner will give the candidates a general overview of the content of the article, so that students can understand it basically. Then the examiner will read the article twice and allow him to take notes during the exam. Some unfamiliar words can be understood through Chad's dictionary.
The content of the question is to summarize the paragraph, outline the train of thought and answer the question. Finally, the content of the article, the scoring rules of the exam do not take grammar as the scoring point. The exam takes about an hour.
2 Reading comprehension
The purpose of reading comprehension test is to see whether students can understand the provided article, and to analyze and summarize the paragraphs and structure of the article.
Reading articles is about science or learning. The content of the article is usually presented in the form of tables and charts, and then students are asked to analyze and describe the tables and answer questions. The text should not exceed 4000 words and not less than 5500 words.
The requirements for grading are more focused on the content of the article.
The exam time is about 90 minutes.
3 writing
The purpose of writing is to test whether students can summarize a given topic by themselves.
The content of the exam can be compared and commented, and can also be described by charts and curve analysis. Word books generally require 150 words to 200 words. Examination scoring rules should pay attention to both content and grammatical errors, and grammatical correctness is the main key.
The exam time is about 60 minutes.
4 Grammatical structure
Candidates should not only master the common knowledge of German grammar, but also master the grammatical phenomena commonly used in scientific articles. In the exam, we usually take 15-20 sentences, and rewrite the sentence patterns according to the requirements of the topic; The main grammars involved are: nominalization of verbs, adjectives and adverbs; Word segmentation extended attribute; Be dynamically converted; Conversion between direct speech and indirect speech, etc.
The criteria for grading mainly focus on grammar.
You shouldn't copy the original text directly during the whole exam.
Second, the oral examination
Only candidates who pass the written test are eligible to take the oral test. When preparing for the oral test, candidates can prepare for 15 minutes; Examiners ask questions about the content of the article or ask candidates to repeat its main content orally, and sometimes watch slides, pictures, videos, etc. After reading it, answer or tell the content.
Candidates who can pass the oral test are required to understand the questions, pronounce and express correctly.
The scoring criteria of the oral test are: the speed of response to the questions asked; Whether the expression of meaning is complete; Whether the language expression is correct; Pronunciation, stress and intonation are all factors that affect oral test scores.
The oral exam lasts about 30 minutes.
The total score of DSH will be evaluated in three grades, (DSH 1, DSH 2, DSH3), which is equivalent to German grade B2- C2, and the Telford test is equivalent to TDN3- TDN5.
The total score standard of DSH is based on the sum of oral and written tests.
TestDaF, the German overseas exam. The exam is set and graded by the German "Dafu Examination Institute". The exams are held in Dafoe test centers in Germany and some countries. Those who pass the Telford exam get a language certificate. China students can take the exam at authorized or officially designated test sites. There are five universities in China that are qualified to hold the Test(DaF) exam, namely Peking University Examination Center (Beijing), Shanghai International Studies University Examination Center (Shanghai), Xi International Studies University Examination Center (Xi 'an), Wuhan University Examination Center (Wuhan) and Guangdong University of Foreign Studies Examination Center (Guangzhou).
All the contents and propositions of the TestDaF exam are related to German universities and are suitable for applicants in all disciplines. TestDaF test consists of reading comprehension, listening comprehension, written expression and oral expression.
(1) Reading comprehension: The test is reading comprehension. Candidates should be able to read relevant articles in German universities in terms of content and language, and ask to know the general idea of the articles, the details of the answers and the information indirectly expressed. * * * There are three articles with different difficulty, belonging to different types and different question-and-answer forms. It takes 60 minutes to read the comprehension section.
(2) Listening comprehension: The test is listening comprehension. Candidates should be able to understand the articles related to German universities in terms of content and language, and should understand the main idea of the articles, the details of answers and the information indirectly expressed. * * * 25 questions in three paragraphs. These three paragraphs are different in difficulty, belong to different types of articles, and the question and answer forms are different. The listening comprehension section takes 40 minutes.
(3) written expression: the test is written expression ability. Candidates should be able to complete a well-organized and well-structured article on a certain topic. In the first part of the article, you need to describe a schematic diagram or table. In the second part, you need to explain and demonstrate your views on a discussion topic. The examination time for the written expression part is 60 minutes.
(4) Oral expression: the test is the oral expression ability, and the candidates should have the language ability in different situations in the university. The exam consists of 10 groups of four parts with different difficulties. You are required to: (1) make telephone inquiries; (2) Being able to obtain or provide information, ask for help urgently and persuade others; (3) be able to describe the schematic diagram; (4) The oral expression part of the exam is completed by recording tapes, instead of facing the examiner in the language lab as you are familiar with. You can read the questions while listening, and your answers are recorded on the second tape to make the oral test objective. You can practice recording before the exam. The oral expression test lasts 30 minutes.
The total examination time is three hours and ten minutes.
Final summary
There is no difference in grade between the two exams, but at present, German public universities recognize the TestDaF certificate, and those who reach grade 5 can be exempted from DSH and enter the school directly. China students who apply to study in German universities are basically required to provide Telford test scores. After getting the language certificate, you can send the complete application materials to Germany. In the future, the certificate of "DaFuKao" may replace the certificate of German hours. DSH scores are not recognized by all schools. In addition, different people have different reactions to the difficulty of the two, and many people think that TestDaF is more difficult.
In addition, not all German universities teach in German, and some schools will arrange English or English-German bilingual courses. And China experts suggest that some applicants with low German level can consider international degree courses in Germany. The course is taught in English at the basic stage of the first year, while learning German, and then taught in German at the professional stage. TOEFL or IELTS scores must be provided when applying. TOEFL scores are generally above 550, IELTS scores are above 6, and liberal arts requirements are above 6.5. Some majors require a basic knowledge of German, with at least 200 class hours, but they don't need to pass DSH or TestDaF.