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Classics of Chinese Studies: Chapter 1-3 of the University
# Ability Training # Introduction "University" is an essay about the Confucian thought of self-cultivation and governing the country. According to legend, it was written by Ceng Zi. In fact, it is a Confucian work in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and it is an important work for China to discuss educational theory in ancient times.

The first chapter is the original text

The way of university is to be moral, to be close to the people and to stop at perfection.

Zhi Zhi then has a decision, then he can be quiet, then he can be quiet, then he can be safe, then he can think about it, and then he can get it. Things start and end, and things end. If you know the order, you will find a shortcut.

If the ancient desire is obviously superior to the world, rule the country first; If you want to govern your country, you should first get your family together; If you want to reunite with your family, you should first repair your body; If you want to cultivate yourself, you should be upright first; If you want to be correct, be sincere first; If you want to be sincere, let him know first. Knowledge exists in things. Everyone knows everything, everyone knows it and is sincere, sincere and upright, upright and upright, well-trained and well-groomed, well-groomed and well-governed, well-groomed and well-governed. From Tian Zi to Shu Ren, one is based on self-cultivation.

Its origin is chaotic, but the last one is not. Thick is thin, thin is thick, and there is nothing.

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The purpose of the university is to carry forward the aboveboard moral character, make people innovate and reach the most perfect state.

Only by knowing what you should achieve can you be firm; With determination, you can be calm and calm; Only when you are calm can you feel at ease; Only when you feel at ease can you think of glory; Only by thinking about glory can we gain something. Everything has roots and branches, and everything has a beginning and an end. Knowing this truth from beginning to end is close to the law of development of things.

In ancient times, if you want to carry forward the aboveboard character in the world, you must first manage your own country; To govern the country well, we must first govern the family and clan; If you want to manage your family and family well, you must first cultivate your own character; If you want to cultivate your character, you must first correct your mentality; If you want to correct your heart, you must first make your heart sincere; If you want to make your ideas sincere, you must first acquire knowledge; The way to acquire knowledge is to know and study everything. Knowledge can only be acquired through the understanding and research of everything; Only after acquiring knowledge can the mind be sincere; Sincere heart, square heart; With a correct mind, we can cultivate our own character; Only through the cultivation of character can we manage the family and family well; Only when the family and clan are well managed can the country be well managed; Only when the country is well governed can the world be peaceful. From the head of state to the common people, everyone should be self-cultivation-oriented.

If this is fundamentally disturbed, it is impossible for families, families, countries and the world to be well governed. You can't put the cart before the horse, and you want to do a good job regardless of priorities!

Chapter II Original text

The so-called sincere person is not deceiving himself. If it stinks, if it's lewd, it's called modesty. Therefore, a gentleman must be cautious and independent. Villains are not good at fooling around and can do anything. When you meet a gentleman, he will be disgusted, cover up his bad and focus on his good.

It is no good for a person to see himself if he sees his lungs and liver. This is called sincerity in the middle and tangible outside, and a gentleman must be cautious and independent.

Zeng Zi said, "What you see with ten eyes and what you point to with ten hands is strict!" Rich, virtuous, broad-minded and obese, so a gentleman must be sincere.

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Making your heart sincere means not deceiving yourself. Just as you hate rancid smells, you should love beautiful women, and everything comes from the heart. Therefore, people with high moral character must be cautious even when they are alone. People with low moral character do evil in private, but when they see people with high moral character, they hide their evil deeds and brag about them.

As we all know, others see themselves as clearly as you see your heart, lungs and liver. What's the use of covering it up? This is called inner truth, and it will definitely show up externally. Therefore, people with high moral character must be cautious even when they are alone.

Ceng Zi said, "Isn't it terrible that many pairs of eyes are looking and many fingers are pointing? ! "Wealth can decorate the house, but morality can cultivate the body and mind, make the mind broad and healthy in Shu Tai. Therefore, people with high moral character must make their ideas sincere.

Chapter III Original text

"Poetry" said: "Look at him and he will be happy. It is really awkward to have a Fijian gentleman, such as cutting, cutting and grinding. If you have a Fijian gentleman, don't be embarrassed! "Those who are" incisive "are also Taoists. Those who "sharpen their knives and don't miss the woodcutter" practice self-study. People who are "sad" are also embarrassed. People who are "noisy" also have dignity. " A gentleman, don't make noise. "The sage is the best, and the people can't forget it.

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The Book of Songs says: "Look at the curved bank of the water, with lush green bamboo. There are gentle gentlemen who study the knowledge of processing bone implements and learn from each other constantly; Self-cultivation is like polishing beautiful jade and pondering it over and over again. He is solemn, cheerful and handsome. Such a gentle gentleman is really unforgettable! " Here, "learning from each other like a bone tool" refers to the attitude of learning; Here, "polishing beautiful jade, pondering repeatedly" refers to the spirit of self-cultivation; To say that he is "solemn and cheerful" means that he is cautious and timid; To say that he is "handsome" means that he is dignified; He said, "Such a gentle gentleman is unforgettable!" "It means that his moral character is very noble and has reached the most perfect state, so it is unforgettable.