Yin Liangbi (1894— 1982) is a forestry scientist and educator. One of the pioneers of modern forestry in China. Not bound by tradition in teaching thought, we should take various ways to cultivate forestry scientific and technological talents at different levels from the national conditions; Adhere to the principle of "running forestry education well, first of all, running forest farms well". After teaching, I conducted research on forest chemistry, closely combined with production, and devoted myself to the manufacture and planting of wood carbonization, fiber, essential oil, oil, medicinal materials, edible fungi and other products. In the aspect of wood carbonization, the double-barrier charcoal kiln and the method of burning and grinding charcoal were invented.

Chinese name: Yin Liangbi

Nationality: China.

Place of Birth: Shitang Town, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province

Date of birth: 1894

Date of death: 1982

Occupation: forestry scientist, forestry educator

Graduate school: Forestry Department of Beijing Agricultural College.

Masterpiece: dry carbon production test with arched heating carbon furnace

One of the pioneers of modern forestry in China.

Yin Liangbi, No.,was born in 1894 1 1+0. I live in Shitang Town, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, and have been farming for generations. My family was poor, and I worked with my father to raise silkworms when I was a child. Clever since childhood, the family scrimped and saved for him to study alone. 190 1 year-old private school, 1905-year-old primary school. Seeing the backwardness of rural production, Yin Liangbi was deeply impressed by the hardships of farming. From an early age, she was determined to study agriculture and improve agricultural production technology. 19 12 was admitted to the second agricultural school of Suzhou province. 19 14 was admitted to the forestry department of Beijing Agricultural College with the same academic qualifications. 1965438+Graduated in July 2007, the first national higher forestry graduate. Because of his excellent academic performance, he was recommended by the school and selected by the Ministry of Education of Beiyang Government to study forestry at Imperial University of Tokyo (now Tokyo University). Yin Liangbi focuses on forest chemistry and wood technology, and studies forest engineering, forest water control, forest art and forest production. /kloc-0 returned to China in August, 1920, and was employed as a teacher at his alma mater, Beijing Agricultural College. 1923, the Ministry of Education of Beiyang Government changed Beijing Agricultural College to Beijing Agricultural University, and Yin Liangbi continued to be employed as a teacher. 1924 transferred to Zhejiang Agricultural College as a teacher. From 65438 to 0925, Chen Jiageng, a famous patriotic overseas Chinese, founded Jimei Agriculture and Forestry School in Xiamen, Fujian, and specially appointed Yin Liangbi as professor and principal. Yin Liangbi gladly took office, made great efforts to prepare for the establishment, and personally presided over the establishment of the forest farm, which opened a precedent for agriculture and forestry education in southern Fujian. 1928 was appointed as the director of the fourth forest farm in Zhejiang Province by the Construction Department. After taking office, he visited the mountainous areas in eastern Zhejiang, organized planning and design, and guided the establishment of nurseries and forest farms. 1931July, Yin Liangbi was hired back to his alma mater as a professor and director of the forest farm. After the July 7th Incident, six universities in Ping Jin were ordered to move to the mainland. Beiping University, Beijing Normal University and Tianjin Beiyang Institute of Technology moved to Xi 'an and merged to form Xi 'an Temporary University, which was later renamed National Northwest United University. Yin Liangbi resolutely left home and moved west with the school alone to become a professor at the Agricultural College of Northwest United University. During the period of 1938, patriotic teachers and students were strongly dissatisfied and protested because of the national government's non-resistance policy towards Japan's invasion of China, and student tides broke out one after another. The National Government dissolved Northwest United University in the name of the National Defense Commission. Agricultural College was forced to move to Shaanxi Wugong and merged with the former Northwest Agricultural and Forestry College to form Northwest Agricultural College. Yin Liangbi was appointed as a professor. From 65438 to 0939, the Ministry of Education of the National Government established the Northwest Institute of Technology in Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City, and Yin Liangbi was transferred to the school as a professor, academic director and director of forestry department, in charge of education administration. 1945 After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Yin Liangbi returned to Northwest Agricultural College as a professor and deputy director of the agricultural and forestry experimental field. The Kuomintang 1947 moved to Jinhua, Zhejiang Province to commemorate the founding of a British university by Chen Zaixi, a veteran of the national revolution. Yin Liangbi was appointed as professor and head of forestry department. 1949 In May, Jinhua was liberated, and Yin Liangbi was appointed as a member, general manager and secretary-general of the school management committee. In July of that year, Yin Liangbi went north to teach at the Agricultural College of North China University. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), North China University, Peking University and Tsinghua University Agricultural College merged to form Beijing Agricultural University. Yin Liangbi participated in the formation work and became the director and professor of forestry department. 1950, the former site of the Agricultural College of North China University was moved to Xiufeng Temple and Xiangtang in Bei 'anhe Village, wanping county, Hebei Province (now Haidian District, Beijing), which was taken over by Beijing Agricultural University, and a training course for forestry cadres was added. Yin Liangbi also served as the head teacher of forestry major and forestry cadre training. 1952 In May, the preparatory group of Beijing Forestry College was established in Beijing, with Tang as the team leader and Yin Liangbi and Fan Jizhou as the deputy team leaders. Approved by the Ministry of Education, in August of that year, the Forestry Department of Beijing Agricultural University, Forestry Department and Forestry Department of Hebei Agricultural College formally merged to form Beijing Forestry College. On February 1953, some teachers and cadres of Pingyuan Agricultural College were also adjusted and merged into Beijing Forestry College. The temporary campus is located in the University Hall, Zhao Pu Temple, Lotus Temple, Xiufeng Temple and xiang tang Temple in the northwest of Bei 'anhe Village, Haidian District, Beijing. Yin Liangbi is the first provost and professor of Beijing Forestry College. From 65438 to 0957, Beijing Forestry College established higher forestry correspondence education, with Yin Liangbi as the director of correspondence department, which was the beginning of higher forestry correspondence education in China. During the 30 years from 65438 to 0952, when Beijing Forestry College was founded, Yin Liangbi successively served as provost, deputy provost, director of correspondence department and dean. Yin Liangbi devoted himself to forestry education all his life, leaving his footprints in every period of the development history of forestry education in China, and he is worthy of being one of the pioneers of higher forestry education in China.

Strive for lifelong forestry education.

After coming back from Japan, Yin Liangbi deeply felt that China's forestry was too backward and needed to train forestry scientific and technological talents. He chose the road of "educating people" for himself, and has since forged an indissoluble bond with forestry education.

During his 60-year education career, he was one of the founders of many agricultural and forestry colleges and held various educational leadership and management positions for more than 50 years. And every term is conscientious, with a high degree of enthusiasm and sense of responsibility, do a good job seriously. Yin Liangbi is famous for his modesty and hands-on, and he drafted many rules and regulations on education management. Make education plans, hire teachers, choose bases, run forest farms, build laboratories, etc. , are all hands-on. 1948, Taiwan Province Provincial University gave Yin Liangbi a travelling fee and hired him to teach in Taiwan Province. Although Yin Liangbi was ready to go, seeing that the revolutionary situation was developing rapidly and victory was in sight, he did not hesitate to refund his travel expenses and chose the road to meet liberation and join the revolution.

1949 Since she came to the Agricultural College of North China University in July, Yin Liangbi has joined the pioneers of socialist forestry education. After the founding of New China, Yin Liangbi participated in the merger of North China University, Tsinghua University and Peking University Agricultural College to form Beijing Agricultural University. Seeing the shortage of forestry science and technology talents, there are few students in the merged forestry department, no students in the fourth grade, only 1 in the third grade and only a dozen students in the second grade. In order to expand and speed up the training of forestry science and technology talents, he actively advocated and supported the mobilization of some students from other departments to transfer to the forestry department, increasing the number of first-year students to 50. This is unprecedented. 1950, Yin Liangbi was also the head teacher of the special forestry department and forestry cadre training. This class is located in the northwest mountainous area of Beijing, more than 20 kilometers away from the headquarters. The school building is simple, the school conditions are poor, and life is very difficult. He often goes up to work regularly regardless of the muddy roads and rain or shine. Yin Liangbi is not bound by the traditional thought, and thinks that we should start from the actual situation of our country and advocate using all conditions and adopting various ways to cultivate forestry scientific and technological talents at different levels. Despite the difficult conditions for running a school, Yin Liangbi wrote to the Ministry of Forestry, suggesting that forestry specialized courses should be included in a level of forestry higher education, and junior college students should be recruited from those who failed to enroll in the undergraduate course, thus officially opening the junior college forestry education. Yin Liangbi strongly advocates that every effort should be made to tap the potential and recruit more students. If the conditions are insufficient, it is simple, and you can run a school at the same time. 1952, the central government decided to establish an independent forestry college. In May of the same year, the Ministry of Forestry began to set up a preparatory group. In July, with the approval of the Ministry of Higher Education, the preparatory group of Beijing Forestry College was formally established, with Yin Liangbi as the deputy head of the preparatory group. At this time, he was nearly sixty years old, but he was old, brave and full of youth. He is running around, choosing a school site, preparing to build a forest farm and inviting teachers. He is one of the founders of Beijing Forestry College. After the establishment of Beijing Forestry College, Yin Liangbi became the first provost. He personally drafted the first "Provisional General Rules for Educational Administration of Beijing Forestry College (Draft)" and various rules and regulations related to educational administration. Yin Liangbi always insists on seeking truth from facts, strictly follows the rules and regulations, and is meticulous. He wholeheartedly supports the socialist education policy. In all previous educational reforms, he has earnestly studied the spirit of the central reform and actively participated in the reform, which has played a positive role in stabilizing the teaching order of Beijing Forestry College and gradually deepening the teaching reform.

Yin Liangbi has a solid business foundation, profound knowledge and modesty. He never chooses his job and does whatever he needs. He can easily undertake courses that others can hardly provide, and he will teach anything that he is asked to teach. There are as many as 14 courses taught, including afforestation, forest utilization, forest products manufacturing, forest engineering, wood science, wood industry, logging, wood transportation and engineering, water management and sand control, horticulture, forestry history, forestry laws and regulations management, forestry, hunting and tropical forestry. He is rigorous in his studies and takes teaching very seriously. Every time he opens a course, he has to consult a lot of materials first. Because I am familiar with Japanese, English and French, I often read relevant foreign materials to enrich the content of my lectures. In order to highlight the teaching effect, he pays special attention to blackboard writing, which is famous for its richness, rapidity and neatness. Sometimes, he even personally carved wax boards and distributed handouts to students to overcome the obstacles caused by the complexity of Chinese dialects. At the same time, he attaches great importance to practice and experiment and always tries his best to create conditions for students to participate in practice. Yin Liangbi's academic demeanor and bull spirit left a deep impression on people.

To run forestry education well, we must first run forest farms well.

Yin Liangbi believes that forestry is a very practical subject, and advocates that forestry education should be run well, first of all, forest farms should be run well. From 65438 to 0925, when he was the principal of Jimei Agriculture and Forestry School, he personally presided over the establishment of tianmashan Forest Farm. Then, during his tenure as the director of the fourth forest farm in Zhejiang Province, he personally inspected the forests in Putuo Mountain, Liuling, Huiji Mountain, Tiantai Temple and other areas, guided the planning and design of forest farms, organized the cultivation of seedlings and afforestation, and achieved remarkable results, and actively provided convenience for forestry school students. 193 1 year, Yin Liangbi returned to his alma mater, Agricultural College of Beiping University, where he was a professor and director of forest farm, and presided over the reclamation of wasteland, establishment of nursery and cultivation of seedlings outside the north gate of Agricultural College of Beiping University in Luodaozhuang. Selecting suitable tree species such as Robinia pseudoacacia, Sophora japonica, Ulmus pumila, Pinus tabulaeformis, Platycladus orientalis and Sabina vulgaris to build a big forest is the first large-scale plantation near Beijing. During the Anti-Japanese War, the forest was destroyed, leaving only a large area of acacia forest in yuyuantan park, west of Diaoyutai outside Fuchengmen, which was built by Yin Liangbi himself. Not satisfied with this, he personally went to win the consent of the Ministry of Education at that time and entrusted the Xishan Xuejiashan Forest Farm, which belongs to universities, middle schools and primary schools, to take over. After rectification, it was also used as a student internship site and became a model for promoting afforestation in the country. Then, Laoshan branch and Nankou branch were built. Under Juyongguan, the soil erosion in Nankou Forest Farm is serious. After afforestation, windbreak and soil consolidation, North China was the first to maintain water and soil. In his later years, Yin Liangbi recalled the past and said, "I managed the forest farm of Peking University Agricultural College for more than 20 years. Although I didn't manage it alone, I organized and participated in one design, planning and rectification after another, and did my best, which was a relatively successful career in my life. " Since then, during his tenure at Northwest United University, Northwest Technical College and Northwest Agricultural College, he continued to care about the work of forest farms, and also took the initiative to participate in the forest investigation team in southern Shaanxi, and personally went to Mian County (now Mian County) to investigate the old forests in the upper reaches of Cannongji, Heihe and Hanshui rivers. 1943, he also led people to investigate forest resources in Taohe, Bailong and Xihanhe river basins in Longnan, and wrote a report on the development of forest resources in this area, which was reported to Chongqing Kuomintang government. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Yin Liangbi supported the teaching policy of integrating theory with practice put forward by the Central Committee and conscientiously implemented it. During the period of 1949, Yin Liangbi actively supported Beijing Agricultural University to carry out the agricultural practice of combining teaching, scientific research and production, including first-year students, regardless of their majors, what to do and what to learn when they leave the farm in combination with the production season. 1950 in order to resist the imperialist blockade, the reclamation department is determined to be self-reliant and establish a rubber forest production base in its own territory. To this end, a forest reclamation investigation team was organized to carry out the investigation. Yin Liangbi believes that this is not only the need of imperialist struggle, but also an excellent exercise opportunity for students to strengthen the integration of theory with practice and increase their professional talents. He personally led more than 0/00 teachers and students from the Department of Forestry and the Department of Forestry Specialty of Beijing Agricultural University to Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan Island, and participated in the work of the forest reclamation investigation team. After a year of joint efforts, he finally put forward specific development suggestions, which contributed to the establishment of china rubber Forest Base. After the establishment of Beijing Forestry College, Yin Liangbi personally visited the forests around Xishan and Miao Feng in Beijing in order to choose and build a teaching and research base, and conducted experiments in Xiufeng Temple, Xitang, Yangjia Garden, Jiuwangfen, Zhaeryu, Jinshan Temple, Lianhua Temple, Puzhaoyuan, Daixueyuan and other houses in Haidian District of Beijing and Shan Ye.

Forestry scientific research must pay attention to practicality

In scientific research, Yin Liangbi advocated that forestry scientific research must be combined with the characteristics of forestry production, and the research topic should focus on the practical value of production. Yin Liangbi's scientific research comes from production and goes back to production. Yin Liangbi's research work is mostly based on scientific research by using forest farms or forest investigation teams, and the research results can be applied and popularized in various forest farms. Close integration with reality is the main feature of his long-term persistence in scientific research. What does production need? He learns everything. He does not pursue big projects and big topics, but pays attention to small topics and practical topics. Therefore, his scientific research has a wide range, not limited to one aspect. He focused on forest chemistry and devoted himself to the study of wood carbonization. Before War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, China's charcoal burning technology was backward, and it was difficult to produce steel charcoal for gold and silver. Yin Liangbi extensively collected and studied the experience and technology of burning all kinds of charcoal in Japan, and invented a "double barrier charcoal kiln" to solve the quality and output of wood carbonization, which achieved remarkable results. He also studied the successful burning of grinding charcoal for printing prints in commercial units. In the utilization of forest by-products, he has carried out many research projects, such as: introducing mint in Beijing in his early years and refining mint oil; Stripping fibers from cotton stalks to make paper pulp; Study on making all kinds of utensils from palm skin: squeezing oil from walnuts and so on. Also research and cultivate medicinal materials and edible fungi in the old forest area of northwest China; 1958 Great Leap Forward, learning techniques such as extracting essential oil. The results have been achieved and popularized in production practice. He deserves to be a doer in forestry science and technology front.

Devote oneself to education

Yin Liangbi loves forestry education and has been fighting for it for sixty years. He has trained senior forestry science and technology talents for the motherland, and he has spread all over the country in forestry posts. Among them, many people become professors, researchers, senior engineers or senior party and government leaders and management cadres; There are also many experts and scholars from Hong Kong, Taiwan and abroad. Whenever alumni recall the past, they will always think of Mr. Yin Liangbi's painstaking efforts. Sixty years of hot and cold weather is colorful. Yin Liangbi has been paying attention to the development of forestry science and technology and actively participating in academic activities in forestry science and technology. Before the Anti-Japanese War, Yin Liangbi was a member of China Agricultural Society, China Forestry Society and botanical society of china. After the founding of New China, Yin Liangbi was one of the founders of China Forestry Society, elected as the executive director of the first, second and third Council, and also the chairman of the first Council of Beijing Forestry Society. The editorial board of forestry science was established 1955, and he was elected as a member of the editorial board; The All-China Association for Popularization of Science and Technology was established in 1950s, and he was elected as the vice chairman of Forestry Group.

Yin Liangbi 1957 joined Jiu San Society and served as the head of the direct group of Beijing Forestry College of Jiu San Society.

Yin Liangbi was modest and prudent all his life, open-minded, upright, approachable, enthusiastic and loyal to his career, and was deeply respected and trusted by people. 1959 was rated as an advanced worker of Beijing Forestry College, and 1956 was elected as the representative of the second, third, fourth and fifth people's congresses of Haidian District, Beijing. During the "Cultural Revolution", he suffered severe impact and persecution, and his body and mind were severely devastated, and he personally experienced the hardships of being displaced for ten years. However, he always believed in the * * * production party and socialism. 1978 65438+ After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee in February, he became more confident in the cause of the country. He can take care of the overall situation, regardless of personal gains and losses. During his illness, he still cared about China's modernization, persisted in studying with strong perseverance, and discussed state affairs with relatives and friends. 1980, in view of the problems existing in China's forestry construction, they jointly wrote to the Central Committee and put forward valuable suggestions. 1September 5, 982, although he was bedridden, he still insisted on writing an inscription "Greening the Motherland" for the 65th anniversary of the establishment of China Forestry Society, leaving his lifelong wish to future generations. Before he died, he was attached to the place where he struggled for his whole life-the cradle of cultivating forestry talents, and entrusted: "After I die, please bury my ashes in Miao Feng forest farm."

198265438+February 16 2 1, Yin Liangbi died in Beijing at the age of 88.

Resume of Mr. Yin Liangbi

1 894165438+1October1,a native of Wuxi county, Jiangsu province.

19 14, graduated from Suzhou No.2 Agricultural School.

19 17, graduated from Beijing Agricultural College.

1920, graduated from the Forestry Department of Imperial University in Tokyo, Japan.

1920 to 1923 as an afforestation teacher in Beijing Agricultural College.

1923 to 1924, teacher of Beijing Agricultural University.

1924 to 1925, teacher of Zhejiang Agricultural College.

1925 to 1928, president and professor of Jimei Agriculture and Forestry School in Xiamen, Fujian Province.

1928 to 193 1 year, served as the director of the fourth forest farm in Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province.

193 1 year-1937, professor of agricultural college of Beiping University, concurrently director of forest farm.

1937 to 1938, professor of northwest union university.

1938 to 1939, professor of northwest agricultural college.

1939- 1946 is a professor, academic director and director of forestry department in Lanzhou Northwest Vocational and Technical College.

1946- 1947, professor of northwest agricultural college, and concurrently deputy director of general farm of agriculture and forestry.

1947- 1949, professor at the College of Agriculture, Zhejiang Yingshi University, and concurrently head of the Department of Forestry.

1949- 1952, professor of Beijing Agricultural University, concurrently director of forestry department, director of professional forestry department and training of forestry cadres.

1952- 1978, professor of Beijing forestry college, successively served as provost, deputy provost, director of correspondence department and dean.

1982 65438+February 16, died in Beijing.

Mr. Yin Liangbi's main works

Yin Liangbi (1). Experiment on dry carbon production by arched heating carbon furnace. Journal of China Agricultural Society,1921(24): 34-41.

2 Yin Liangbi. General idea of secondary forest. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1923.

3 Yin Liangbi. Forest products manufacturing industry. Peking University Agricultural College, 1932.

Yin Liangbi. Practical logging, timber transportation and engineering. Beijing Agricultural University, 1950.

Yin Liangbi and others. Forest utilization in China. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 1960.

Yin Liangbi et al. Edited "Dictionary of Wood Industry". Beijing: Science Press, 1976.