Central South University has five campuses: Headquarters, New Campus, South Campus, Xiangya and Railway. The headquarters address is No.932 Lushan South Road, the new address is Xiaoxiang Middle Road, the south address is No.605 Lushan South Road, Xiangya address is Yinshuang Road 169, and the railway address is No.22 Shaoshan South Road.

Central South University was formed in April 2000 by the merger of Hunan Medical University, Changsha Railway Institute and Central South University of Technology. The former Central South University of Technology was formerly known as Central South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, founded in 1952, and the former Changsha Railway Institute was formerly known as Central South Institute of Architecture and Engineering, founded in 1953. The main disciplines of the two universities can be traced back to the course of Mining and Road in Hunan Higher Institute of Technology founded by 1903. Hunan Medical University, formerly known as Xiangya Medical College, was founded in 19 14 and is one of the earliest institutions of higher learning in western medicine in China.

Central South University adheres to the century-old school-running accumulation, conforms to the general trend of China's higher education system reform, carries forward the university spirit with "integration of knowledge and practice" as the core, adheres to the school spirit of "kindness, truth-seeking, aestheticism and tolerance", adheres to its own school-running characteristics, serves the major needs of the country and society, unites and forge ahead, reforms and innovates, pursues Excellence, and continuously improves its comprehensive strength and overall level.

After 100 years of development, the school has the most complete system chain of non-ferrous metallurgy disciplines in the world; Has a world-renowned Xiangya Medical Group; It has a research base for China's high-speed railway, plateau railway and heavy-haul transportation.