Due to the shortage of school buildings, the College of Literature of Xi 'an Temporary University is located in the back street of Chenghuangmiao, the Law School is located in Tongji Square, and the Institute of Technology and Northeastern University jointly run schools. Many students exiled from enemy-occupied areas have no clothes and bedding. The government gave each of these students a cotton-padded coat and a uniform, and the food was given to the students in the war zone at six yuan per month, two yuan every ten days for three times. Students live in bunk beds in Datong. Teachers require private houses in the city, and some teachers temporarily live in guest houses and restaurants. Many teachers often have to walk ten or twenty miles to class. The school lacks the necessary teaching equipment, the funds are extremely difficult, there is no library and no stadium, and it is in a state of wartime exile education. However, under such difficult conditions, the school still insists on normal teaching, and has specially formulated courses related to the Anti-Japanese War, such as military, political, ambulance, technical and other extracurricular training. Every week, celebrities are invited to give students a report focusing on anti-content.
1March, 938, Linfen, Shanxi Province fell, the Japanese invaders fled to fenglingdu, and Tongguan, the gateway of Guanzhong, was in an emergency. At the same time, Xi 'an was constantly bombed by Japanese planes. The Ministry of Education of the National Government issued the first telegram: ordering Xi 'an Temporary University to move to Hanzhong, Shaanxi. In order to do a good job of moving more than 1000 teachers and students to the south, before moving to the school, the school elected Xu Yongming, president of Beiping University, as the team leader, and divided the whole school into several squadrons, each of which was a marching unit. Teachers and students first take the "stuffy can" train from Xi 'an to Baoji. Then, according to the original March plan, the students and young teachers started the Long March on foot along the Sichuan-Shaanxi Highway. They crossed the Weihe River, the Qinling Mountains, the Chaiguan Pass, and waded in Fengling for nearly a thousand miles. It took them more than half a month to reach Hanzhong in the south of Shaanxi. On the way to March, teachers and students get together to discuss the news of the battlefield ahead at rest every night. At that time, transportation and communication were extremely backward, and there were no newspapers. Everywhere, each team wrote the battle situation ahead from several old radios in time on big paper for everyone to read. In April, the teachers and students had not settled down, and the National Government adopted the Layout Plan of Colleges and Universities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Shanghai War Zone according to the 350th meeting of the Executive Yuan, and the Ministry of Education issued the second order: Xi 'an Temporary University was renamed National Northwest United University, with 6 departments and 23 departments. "Since 2007 1 month, the original funds of National Peiping University, National Peiping Normal University and National Beiyang Institute of Technology have been transferred to the funds of National Northwest United University."
10, the school board decided to determine the school building allocation plan, and set up the school headquarters and the college of arts and sciences in Chenggu County Examination Institute. At the same time, set up an education college in the Confucian temple; Try to go to the business school outside Xiaoxiguan; Set up an engineering school in Guruba Catholic Church (later set up a branch in Qixing Temple); Establish a medical college in Huangjiapo, Nanzheng County, Hanzhong City; Mianxian Wuhou Temple established Agricultural College.
On May 2nd, the National Northwest United University officially opened, and the whole school held a grand opening ceremony in the auditorium of Chenggu County. At the opening ceremony, Li Shutian, Chairman of the School Preparatory Committee, reviewed the difficult and tortuous relocation process of the school after the fall of Pingjin. He said excitedly: "recalling the long time of moving for more than a month, the teachers and students of the whole school have traveled nearly a thousand miles ... in our academic circles, it is indeed an unprecedented move." Standing Committee member Chen reported on the process of relocation and the significance of changing the name of the school: "The school is now changed to National Northwest United University. On the one hand, its significance is to undertake the mission of developing northwest education, on the other hand, it also means that it was originally formed by the merger of three universities. " Xu Yongming, a member of the Standing Committee, said on behalf of the faculty and staff of the whole school: "How should the students of the highest institutions save the country during the Anti-Japanese War? You don't have to use a gun to save the country. We study science in the rear to strengthen the anti-Japanese war and to save the country. " At that time, famous scholars such as Xu Shoushang, Li Da, Ma, Luo Genze, Hou Wailu, Fu, Luo, Luther, Xu Yongming, Zhang Bosheng, Li Jigu, Xie Siyan and Yang Ruoyu also came here from all over the world to shoulder the heavy responsibility of teaching and educating people in wartime. In the same month, under the leadership of the underground branch of Northwest Associated University, Northwest Associated University Art Troupe was formally established.
Discuss the tutorial system and methods in June. It is stipulated that this year's senior high school entrance examination will be held in 2 1 cities such as Wuchang, Changsha, Chongqing and Chengdu from September 65438 to 4. In July, the Archaeological Committee of the Department of History conducted an archaeological excavation of Zhang Qian's tomb in Xirao Jiabao, Chenggu County, and completed the excavation in August and September. In mid-July, the Agricultural College and Northwest Agricultural College of the school set up the National Northwest Agricultural College, the Institute of Technology and Jiaozuo Institute of Technology (now China University of Mining and Technology) set up the National Northwest Institute of Technology, and the College of Education was renamed the Teachers College. On September 8, 734 students from the whole school participated in the two-month military training for students in Shaanxi Province organized by the Kuomintang education authorities. During this period, Professor Xu Shoushang wrote "Goujian Spirit" and Professor Li wrote "National Spirit Seen in the History of China" to stimulate students' patriotic enthusiasm.
65438+February, the Ministry of Education of the National Government severely criticized Northwest United University for following the tradition of Peking University Law School and continuing to teach courses on Marxist-Leninist viewpoints, ordered the prohibition of learning Russian, and demanded the dismissal of Cao Lianya, a Russian professor at the Law School. Zhang Beihai, the new dean of the School of Law and Business (the Kuomintang hired Zhang Beihai as the dean in order to strengthen the control of the school and resist the progressive tendency), released a new appointment list, and Cao Lianya, Shen Zhiyuan, et al. 13 progressive teachers were dismissed. Cao Lianya and Peng, as representatives of persecuted professors, came to our headquarters to protest. 1939 65438+1October 12 At 9: 00 am, students from law schools and business schools lined up at the residence of Gu Yuxiu, the second minister of the Ministry of Education, to peacefully petition against the dismissal of Professor Progressive and the cancellation of Russian courses. At the beginning of the same month, the teachers and students of the whole school successively launched signature activities and electrified Wang Jingwei to denounce treason and defection.
In February, the Shaanxi Youth Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out in the report "Shaanxi Youth Movement and its Development in Recent Two Years": "Linkou University (then the General Association) was extremely complicated, but it had considerable strength at the beginning of the Republic of China, and the experience of being a junior team in Pingsan in the past three years was of great help to the work of the junior team in Hannan and promoted the development of the youth movement in Hannan."
In March, party member, secretary of the underground branch of Northwest Associated University, was arrested. On the 24th, the Anti-Japanese War Support Association held an entertainment meeting at Hanzhong Grand Theatre in Nanzheng County. Excluding conference expenses, all the ticket sales revenue will be remitted to the military and political department to buy shoes and socks for the soldiers in front. On the 27th, the second semester of this school year starts today. At the first commemorative weekly meeting, Hu Shuhua, member of the Standing Committee of the school, contacted the situation of the school and said, "Our Northwest Associated University is located in Chenggu, a remote place. Without electric lights and running water, all material comforts can't be discussed, but our teachers and students still need Qi Xin to work together to carry forward our spirit of hard work and hard work and lead northwest education. "
In April, more than 400 teachers and students from the whole school/KLOC-0 went to Hanbo to pay homage to Zhang Qian's tomb, swore the national convention against the enemy, commemorated "National Tomb-Sweeping Day" and carried forward the national spirit. In May, enemy planes raged and Nanzheng City was repeatedly bombed. The medical college chose Sunjia Temple, Majia Temple and Huangjiapo Huangjia Temple in the east of Nanzheng as temporary classes. In June, the national convention and the implementation measures of the national convention of the school were read out. On the same day, the school held a centennial rally to commemorate Lin Zexu's smoking ban in Humen in the auditorium of the headquarters. In July, Jiang Muliang, a progressive writer, went to Chenggu to introduce the anti-Japanese war front and literature. A "Literature Learning Society" was established. In June of the same year, the Ministry of Education issued the third order: cancel the National Northwest United University and establish five independent national colleges directly led by the Ministry of Education: Northwest University, Northwest Normal University, Northwest Institute of Technology, Northwest Medical College and Northwest Agricultural College. In July, Engineering College and Agricultural College were established independently. In August, the United University was divided into Northwest University, Northwest Normal University and Northwest Medical College, and it was still located at the original site. Northwest Institute of Technology (formed by the merger of former Beiyang Institute of Technology, Beiping University Institute of Technology, Northeastern University Institute of Technology and Jiaozuo Institute of Technology) is still located in Guba Road, Chenggu County.
Among them, National Northwest University is formed by the College of Arts and Sciences and the School of Law and Business. 1September, 939, classes started in Chenggu, Shaanxi Province, with President Hu Shuhua. 1945 and then moved to Xi 'an. After liberation, Northwest University became one of the 14 universities directly under the Ministry of Education.
The former School of Education of Beiping Normal University was renamed as National Northwest Normal University, and its president was Li Zheng. In July 1944, the hospital moved to Lanzhou. Two years later, except for some teachers and students who still stayed in Lanzhou (now Northwest Normal University), most of them returned to Beiping, and now they are Beijing Normal University.
Peking University Institute of Technology, Beiyang Institute of Technology, Jiaozuo Institute of Technology and Northeastern University Institute of Technology jointly established the National Northwest Institute of Technology. Li Shutian served as the director of the school preparatory committee, and later Lai Lian served as the first dean, and then moved to Xianyang. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, most teachers and students of Northwest Institute of Technology returned to Tianjin and resumed their studies at Beiyang University. Some departments of Jiaozuo Institute of Technology returned to Henan; The rest stayed in Shaanxi and became Northwest Institute of Technology at that time. Later, some departments merged to form Northwestern Polytechnical University. Among them, the Department of Water Conservancy of Northwest Institute of Technology established Xi 'an Power College in 1956, and later merged into Jiaotong University. Later, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology was divided and merged, and 1972 merged with Beijing Institute of Machinery to form today's xi University of Science and Technology.
The medical college located in Huangjiapo, Nanzheng County, Hanzhong City was renamed as National Northwest Medical College. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the school returned to Xi 'an, merged with the National Northwest University, and changed its name to the National Northwest University School of Medicine. After liberation, the school was set up independently and renamed Northwest Medical College.
The Agricultural College located in Mianxian merged with Northwest Agricultural and Forestry College, renamed as National Northwest Agricultural College, and then moved to Wugong County, Shaanxi Province. After liberation, it was called Northwest Agricultural College, and now it is Northwest Agricultural University. 1September, 1999, with the approval of the State Council, the former Northwest Agricultural University, Northwest Forestry College, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest Water Conservancy Research Institute of Ministry of Water Resources, Shaanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shaanxi Academy of Forestry and Northwest Botany Institute of China Academy of Sciences merged to form Northwest A&F University.