We often talk about Lu Xun's courage, determination and profundity in criticizing traditional culture. Although Mr. Lu Xun was influenced by many western countries, he was not a man who grew up in the west. Before accepting western influence, he had lived in China's traditional culture for more than ten years. We can't understand Mr. Lu Xun too modernized. The opening of the May 4th Movement enabled China people to know the West to the greatest extent, but the May 4th Movement was also an era close to traditional culture. Before the operating table to save China people's bad habits, the disharmony between western knives and China's stomach was also deeply reflected in Mr. Lu Xun's works and all his contradictions, including hope and despair. We should not only read a kind of confidence from his fighting, but also read a kind of China spirit from his trembling.
Tradition is a chain, not bound in people's hearts, but in the depths of blood. I can't help asking what kind of person Mr. Lu Xun's first teacher is and what kind of people his compatriots are: can't Mr. Lu Xun's sharp essays, poems, books, rituals and music be heard at all? For me, the similarity between Lu Xun's essays and Confucius and Mencius' classics lies not in the beauty of words and superb rhetoric, but in a spiritual coincidence. All the traditional culture and education I accepted did not hinder me from accepting Lu Xun at all, which made me closer to him rather than farther away. Mr. Shouning wrote: "Every year before the Spring Festival, Lu Xun always writes a New Year greeting letter to my grandfather on eight lines of red letterhead, all of which are respectful and tall and straight small characters, starting with' According to my master's letter, to my teacher' and ending with' Please be safe' and' Zhou Shuren's bow is full of thanks'." Mr. Lu Xun hated the feudal ethics of cannibalism, but he showed respect for specific traditional morality here. I feel that Mr. Lu Xun's attack on traditional culture and traditional morality is largely due to the needs of the times. If Lu Xun were alive today, he might shout for the traditional spirit.
(1) Fujino Genkuro's personal affairs.
Fujino Genkuro was born in Fukui Prefecture and has been a doctor for generations. Fujino Genkuro is the sixth generation doctor of Fujino. He was born in July of 1874, 1. My father died at the age of 9 and was raised by my eldest brother and second brother. Yan Jiulang ranked third. When he was in elementary school, he also studied sinology with Mr. Nosaka, a teacher of Sakai San Francisco School. 1April 892, dropped out of Fukui School and entered Aichi Medical College. /kloc-graduated in June, 896, and stayed in school as an assistant to the anatomy teacher Narasaka. 1May, 897, obtained the practicing certificate of doctors. After July of the same year, I studied anatomy at the Medical College of Imperial University in Tokyo for one year. 190 1 year1October, Fujino applied to Sendai medical college as an anatomy lecturer, when Fujino just turned 27. He and Professor Bubo Jujiro served as the first year's anatomical theory, and he also served as the second year's anatomical practice and local anatomy. The major course of the first grade is only anatomy, and the principal and deputy head teachers of the first grade are generally Fu Bo and Fujino as usual. The scope of class teacher management is very wide. According to the regulations of Sendai Medical College at that time, such as students' learning attitude, students' management and teaching, attendance, statistics of test scores, and the arrangement and storage of classrooms were all the responsibility of the principal and the deputy head teacher.
1July 6, 904, about two months before Lu Xun arrived in Sendai, Fujino was promoted from a lecturer to a professor.
Fujino lives a simple life. At that time, professors all took the rickshaw to finish class, and Fujino walked. He lives in Konghorimachi, three to five minutes' walk from Sendai Medical College. Lu Xun had been to his home before he left Sendai. He sent a photo to Lu Xun, which read: "Farewell to Zhou Jun of Fujino". In order to comfort Fujino, Lu Xun deliberately said: "I want to study biology, and what the teacher taught me is still useful." It is said that Fujino later told his nephew Kenzaburo Fujino: "Zhou Jun is a good student ... but he is not a doctor. It seems that I went to study physics and anatomy in order to study biology. " Tsuzaburo said that from Mr. Fujino's tone, he believed Lu Xun's words that he wanted to learn biology to comfort him when he left.
19 1 1 year, Northeast Imperial University was founded, and in 19 12 year, Sendai Medical College merged into the Department of Medicine of Northeast Imperial University. All the teaching buildings, staff and students remain in their original classes. 19 15 decided to establish the northeast imperial university medical college. Due to lack of academic qualifications, Fujino was forced to file a "dismissal request" at the end of June. /kloc-0 was demoted to a temporary lecturer in July and dismissed as a lecturer on August 9th.
Because of the pressure of life, Fujino thought he could find a job in otolaryngology and a job in the charity hospital of Mitsui Company in Tokyo. 19 19 returned to his hometown to set up his own clinic and died in Fukui on 1945.
(2) Mr. Fujino's theme
What is Mr Fujino's theme? There have been many debates in the past two years, and there are generally four opinions:
The first kind: expressing the author's patriotism.
The second kind: mainly the writer's patriotic thought, followed by praising Mr. Fujino.
The third kind: remember and praise Mr. Fujino.
The fourth kind: mainly remembering and praising Mr. Fujino, followed by the writer's patriotic thought.
The main difference lies in whether Mr. Fujino misses and praises Mr. Fujino or the writer's patriotism.
The reasons for arguing that Mr. Fujino is a writer's patriotic thought are as follows: 1. Mr. Fujino wrote in19261kloc-0/0/0/0/2 Xiamen University. Lu Xun originally planned to work in Xiamen for two years, but he only lived for half a year. On the one hand, he persisted in the struggle, on the other hand, he wrote Mr. Fujino's reminiscence prose, sorted out the change track of his thoughts and feelings from 1904 to 1926, and reviewed the development course of his patriotic thought, so as to motivate himself and strengthen his belief in fighting the reactionary forces to the end. Secondly, the full text is divided into three parts according to the position. The first part exposes the corrupt behavior of Qing students studying in Tokyo, Japan, and shows the patriotism of young Lu Xun. The second part recalls his contact with Mr. Fujino in Sendai Medical College, focusing on the reasons why he gave up medicine and went to literature, fully expressing the valuable spirit of young Lu Xun who loved the motherland and actively explored the truth of saving the country and the people. In the third part, I wrote that Lu Xun missed Fujino. Fujino not only had no national prejudice, but also gave Lu Xun infinite warmth and great encouragement. Moreover, Fujino's thought and Lu Xun's patriotic thought are completely interlinked. Thirdly, in the climax of the people's liberation struggle in China, Lu Xun reviewed and summarized his battle course of abandoning medicine and taking the revolutionary road 20 years ago, which in itself criticized the cliché of "saving the country by science" of Westernization School, Reform School and Retro School. If the writer's patriotism is secondary and does not conform to the content of the work, it also reduces the fighting significance of writing this article.
It is argued that Mr. Fujino is a tribute to Mr. Fujino for the following reasons: First, the title of this essay is "Mr. Fujino". Generally speaking, the title of the article is the author's most vivid and concise summary of the ideological content of the full text. The center of this essay should be Mr. Fujino, and the theme of the article should naturally be directly related to Mr. Fujino, but it is impossible to express Mr. Fujino, and the theme to be expressed is some idea of "I". At the end of the article, Lu Xun said: "His character is great in my eyes and heart, although his name is not known to many people." Lu Xun wrote "Mr. Fujino" precisely for the deep memory of Mr. Fujino, a "great" figure. Secondly, judging from the structure of the whole article, the materials are all around Mr. Fujino. The first writer's dissatisfaction with some "students studying abroad in Qing Dynasty" who specialized in pleasure was the reason why Lu Xun left Tokyo for Sendai, so he had the opportunity to meet Mr. Fujino. Then write about Mr. Fujino's life in Sendai and write rumors about leaking test questions, which is of course related to Mr. Fujino. I stopped studying medicine after writing the slides to explain why I left Sendai. The following paragraphs are about the separation from Mr. Fujino and the memories of Mr. Fujino after the separation. In short, this article is not "based on Lu Xun's ideological changes", and it is hard to say that "the author recalls Mr. Fujino only to clarify the trajectory of his ideological and emotional changes from 1904 to 1926, and how he lived and fought."
We advocate that the theme of Mr. Fujino is to remember and praise Mr. Fujino. Judging from the effect of the work, what impresses readers most is Mr. Fujino's appearance, words and deeds, and Mr. Fujino's character and morality. Lu Xun suggested that Masuda translate Mr. Fujino into Selected Works of Lu Xun, because this essay cherishes and praises Mr. Fujino, not because it writes his own patriotic thoughts.
Zhang Taiyan (1869- 1936) was originally named Xue Cheng, whose real name was Mei Shu, later renamed Jiang, and later renamed Yuhang, Zhejiang. He was born in a family with a scholarly family for generations, and then suffered from decline. He experienced two historical periods, the Reform Movement of 1898 and the bourgeois democratic revolution, and went through a tortuous road. He was an outstanding bourgeois revolutionary and famous scholar in modern China. Mr. Lu Xun once highly praised his heroism of "the hero went to prison, and the heaven and the earth grieved for autumn" and his heroism of "being hunted for seven times, going to prison for three times, and finally unyielding revolutionary ambition", and praised him as a "model for later generations" (see Volume 6 of About the Second and Third Events of Mr. Taiyan and Complete Works of Lu Xun). After the Revolution of 1911, he retired from his study. He has been involved in a wide range of academic fields, and has made achievements in Confucian classics, philosophy, literature, linguistics, philology, phonology, logic and so on. He wrote a lot in his life, and what he wrote was even more difficult to understand than Gao. The main works were compiled into Zhang Series, Zhang Series Supplement and Zhang Series III by later generations. 1982, Shanghai People's Publishing House published the complete works of Zhang Taiyan, known as the encyclopedia of China culture.