First, the definition of academic graduate students receiving general master's education is to cultivate teaching and scientific research talents, and the type of degree awarded is academic master's degree. Professional degree is a kind of degree relative to academic degree. Its purpose is to cultivate applied senior professionals who have a solid theoretical foundation and meet the actual needs of specific industries or occupations. Professional degree and academic degree are at the same level, with different training specifications and obvious differences in training objectives.
Second, the cultivation direction is different. According to the relevant regulations of our country, the general master's education focuses on cultivating teaching and scientific research talents. The types of degrees awarded are mainly academic degrees. You can get a postgraduate status after the exam in January, and you can get a master's diploma and a degree certificate after graduation. Professional master is a master's degree with professional background, which is set up to train senior professionals in specific occupations.
Education: I took the exam in January, and I can get a master's diploma and a degree certificate after graduation. This is the same as the master we students understand.
2. Non-academic education: 10 got the qualification to apply for a degree in the exam, and then got the master's degree certificate through the master's thesis defense, without a diploma. (This refers to on-the-job graduate students).
Third, the enrollment conditions are different. Professional masters require candidates to have a certain number of years of work experience (refer to the conditions of on-the-job graduate students), and ordinary masters do not. The vast majority of professional masters also require on-the-job personnel to apply for the exam with the consent of their units or corresponding management departments, and some even require their units to recommend them. What our students usually say is to sign up and take exams with students from ordinary colleges. Everything before this year is different from on-the-job graduate students. The specific application conditions are generally clearly stated in the enrollment brochures of the schools to be applied for, and the general students are of course completely satisfied.
Fourth, the entrance examination is different. For students, the entrance examination for general masters is only the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year, while the professional examinations other than the unified examination are put forward and scored by the admissions unit itself. Our students' understanding of the master's degree is also a unified examination, and we will take it with the academic students in January. There are two opportunities for the entrance examination of professional master: the "joint examination" in June 65438+ 10 and the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year. Candidates can choose by themselves, and the professional examinations of these two national examinations are also set and marked by the enrollment units themselves (here they tend to be on the job).
Fifth, the difficulty of admission is different. The unified national postgraduate entrance examination (unified examination) is completely the representative of Yan Jin's generosity. According to statistics, in 2005, the number of people taking the postgraduate entrance examination was1170,000, and the enrollment was only 320,000, with an enrollment ratio of 3.7: 1. Famous universities such as Peking University, Tsinghua and Fudan University, as well as popular majors such as microelectronics, information science, biomedicine, world economy and international finance, have a low admission rate due to a large number of applicants. It is understood that the enrollment ratio of popular majors in some prestigious schools even reaches 70: 1. But some unpopular majors in second-rate schools are not satisfied every year. Therefore, the difficulty of admission depends on the schools and majors that candidates apply for.
There are two opportunities for the entrance examination for professional masters: the "joint examination" in June 5438+ 10 and the "unified examination" at the beginning of the year (our students' understanding), and candidates can choose by themselves. The professional examinations of these two national examinations are put forward and marked by the admissions unit itself. The entrance difficulty of different majors is different, and the popular majors are relatively difficult. For example, in 2004, the MBA admission ratio of Fudan University, Jiaotong University and Finance University in Shanghai was around 6: 1; The national admission rate of LLM in 2004 was less than 10%. In addition, the difficulty of "joint examination" and "unified examination" is different. Because there are many more candidates for the "unified examination", the competition for the examination is naturally fierce. However, although the entrance examination is easy, the applicant's work background and experience are more important in the admission.
Sixth, learning styles are different. General master: full-time study. Usually three years. Professional master: part-time, with a schooling of 2-3 years. Specifically, the kind of academic and professional knowledge we students understand is two years, two and a half years and three years. Specifically, it is mainly shown in the school's enrollment brochure, and the specific school is analyzed.
Seven, the learning cost is different. Ordinary master students admitted by the national plan (non-directional, directional) enjoy tuition-free treatment according to state regulations. As an unplanned enrollment (commissioned training, self-funded), graduate students must pay tuition, which is generally 8000 yuan/year, which varies according to their majors. For self-funded students, poor students and other candidates, we can apply for national student loans or commercial loans to ease the pressure on tuition fees. Professional master's tuition fees vary greatly according to different professional categories. For example, the MBA tuition fee is ten or even hundreds of thousands of yuan, while the master of engineering tuition fee is generally 30,000-40,000 yuan. Professional masters generally cannot apply for national student loans (biased towards on-the-job graduate students). The tuition standard is also stipulated in the school's enrollment brochure.
Eight, diplomas are different from ordinary masters. Most professional masters (on-the-job) only award degree certificates, and there is no academic certificate. But there are exceptions, such as MBA, master of law, master of medicine, master of architecture and so on. At the same time, the degree and diploma are awarded. Generally speaking, students in the "unified examination" get "double certificates" and students in the "joint examination" get "certificates". According to our students' understanding, those who specialize in master's degree also get double certificates, just like academics.
Nine, the recognition is different. Ordinary Master: As a result of graduating from full-time regular universities with double certificates of academic degrees, such graduates have high social recognition. However, enterprises will also consider the weakness of full-time graduate students when recruiting: only theory, lack of experience. Especially for job seekers whose master's degree and undergraduate degree are completely different, and job seekers who have never had relevant work experience, enterprises will have scruples. It is suggested that such graduates should strengthen their competitiveness through internships, part-time jobs or taking vocational certificates. Professional Master: The MBA who took the unified examination in June+10, 5438 can get a double certificate, while the master of engineering can only get a degree certificate at present, so the degree of recognition of professional master in the market is slightly different. Of course, with the increasing types of professional masters in recent years, the number of applicants has increased year after year, so popularity has driven the market effect, and the recognition and job-seeking status have gradually improved. Many enterprises no longer require academic certificates, but pay more attention to the gold content of professional degree certificates themselves.