Their main areas of contribution are:
(1) Rockets, missiles, satellites and space technology;
Sun Jiadong, Ren Xinmin, Qian Xuesen, Tu Shoukai, Zhao Jiuzhang, Yao,.
(2) Atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, nuclear weapons and the nuclear industry;
Yu Min, Zhu Guangya, Wu, Chen Nengkuan, Zhou, Cheng, Peng Huanwu, Wang, Deng Jiaxian, Qian Sanqiang.
(3) Multiple or comprehensive contributions of two bombs and one satellite and national defense science and technology;
Wang Daheng, Chen Fangyun, Guo Yonghuai?
The following is an introduction to the characters.
1 Qian Sanqiang? ( 19 13- 1992)
Born in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 19 13, male, party member, nuclear physicist, academician of China Academy of Sciences. 1936 graduated from the Department of Physics in Tsinghua University, and then went to the Curie Laboratory of the University of Paris and the Nuclear Chemistry Laboratory of the French Academy to study nuclear physics, obtaining a doctorate. 1946 won the Henri Bader Microphysics Award of the French Academy of Sciences. /kloc-returned to China in 0/948, and served as a professor of physics department in Tsinghua University, director of the Institute of Atomic Energy of Beiping Research Institute, director of the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences (later renamed as the Institute of Atomic Energy), director and deputy secretary-general of the Planning Bureau, deputy director of the Second Machinery Department, vice president of China Academy of Sciences, chairman of Chinese Physics Society, honorary chairman of China Nuclear Society, and invited consultant of China Academy of Sciences. 1992 died.
One of the pioneers and founders of atomic energy in China. In 1950s, he led the construction of the first heavy water atomic reactor, the first cyclotron and a number of important instruments and equipment in China. China's research work on reactor physics, reactor engineering technology, brazing chemistry radiobiology, radioisotope preparation, high-energy accelerator technology and controlled thermonuclear fusion has been carried out one after another. After the Soviet government stopped its technical assistance to China, on the one hand, it quickly transferred a group of outstanding nuclear science and technology experts to the Second Engine Department to be directly responsible for tackling key problems in all aspects of atomic bomb development; On the other hand, joint research with relevant leading organizations of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Many key technologies were solved in time, which made important contributions to the successful development of the first atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb. As early as 1960, two research groups of neutron physics theory and experiment organized by the Atomic Energy Institute carried out the pre-research work of hydrogen bombs, made theoretical preparations for the development of hydrogen bombs, and made contributions to the development of hydrogen bombs in China only two years and eight months after the first atomic bomb exploded.
2. Qian Ji? ( 19 17- 1983)
Born in Jintan County, Jiangsu Province, 19 17, male, party member, an expert in space technology and space physics. One of the pioneers of space technology in China. Lead the theoretical research of satellite overall, structure, antenna and environment simulation. 1943 graduated from Teachers College of Central University. 1949, he served as deputy director and director of the Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and head of the Second Satellite Design Institute. 1968, he has served as the director of the overall satellite design department of the Fifth Research Institute of the Seventh Machinery Department, the deputy director of the Fifth Research Institute and the deputy director of the Science and Technology Commission. Director of China Aerospace Society, Vice Chairman of China Space Science Society. 1983 is dead.
3. What about Yao? ( 1922- 1968)
Born in Wuxi, Jiangsu, 1922, male, party member, an expert in metallurgy and aerospace materials. 1945 graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University, 1947 studied in the Department of Industrial Metallurgy of Birmingham University, England, 195 1 received his Ph.D., 1954 worked as a researcher and assistant professor in the Foundry Research Office of the Metallurgical Department of Ahern University of Technology, Federal Republic of Germany. After returning to China from 65438 to 0957, he served as researcher, director and director of the materials research office of the First Branch of the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense. 1968 is dead.
Zhao Jiuzhang? ( 1907- 1968)
Zhejiang Wuxing, born in 1907, male, geophysicist, academician of China Academy of Sciences. One of the founders of China's satellite industry. 1933 graduated from Tsinghua University physics department. 1935 went to Germany to study meteorology, 1938 received his doctorate, and returned to China in the same year. Professor of Southwest Associated University, Director of Institute of Meteorology, China Academy of Sciences. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as the director of Institute of Geophysics, the president of Satellite Design Institute, the chairman of China Meteorological Society and the chairman of chinese geophysical society. 1968 is dead.
5. Deng Jiaxian? ( 1924- 1986)
Born in Huaining County, Anhui Province, 1924, male, party member, nuclear physicist, academician of China Academy of Sciences. 1945 graduated from physics department of The National SouthWest Associated University, and then taught in Peking University. 1948 10 is bound to study in the physics department of Purdue University in the United States, and get a doctorate in physics on 1950, and return to China in the same year. He has served as research assistant and associate researcher in the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, director of the Theory Department of the Ninth Institute of the Second Machinery Department, deputy director and dean of the Ninth Institute, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, and deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry. 12 member of the Central Committee. 1986 is dead.
6. What about Wang? ( 1907- 1998)
People from Changshu County, Jiangsu Province. Born in 1907, male, party member, nuclear physicist, academician of China Academy of Sciences. One of the main scientific and technological leaders in the development of nuclear weapons, and a pioneer in nuclear weapons research and experiment. During the development of nuclear weapons, he directed and participated in the development of China's atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb. He is the chairman of the Technical Committee for Cold Test of Atomic Bombs, who directed the first underground nuclear test in China and led and organized the second and third underground nuclear tests in China. 1929 graduated from Tsinghua University physics department. 1930 went to study at the University of Berlin, Germany, 1934 received a doctorate in philosophy, and returned to China in the same year. He used to be a professor at Shandong University and Zhejiang University. 1950 Since May, he has served as researcher and deputy director of Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, deputy director of Dubna Joint Nuclear Research Institute of Soviet Union, deputy director of No.9 Institute of No.2 Machinery Department, deputy director of No.9 Institute of No.2 Machinery Department and director of Atomic Energy Research Institute, deputy director of Science and Technology Committee of Ministry of Nuclear Industry, vice chairman of the Second National Committee of China Association for Science and Technology, vice chairman of Chinese Physical Society, and the first chairman of the third, fourth and fifth sessions of China Nuclear Society. 1998 is dead.
7. Peng huanwu? ( 19 15-? )
Born in Macheng City, Hubei Province, 19 15, male, physicist, academician of China Academy of Sciences. ? 1935 graduated from Tsinghua University physics department. From 65438 to 0938, he went to the University of Edinburgh in England to study abroad, engaged in theoretical research such as solid state physics and quantum field theory, and obtained a doctorate in philosophy and science. 1945 was awarded the McDougall-Braise Class Award by the Royal Society of Edinburgh, England together with N Born. 1948 was elected as an academician of the Royal Irish Academy of Sciences. From 65438 to 0947, he returned to China and served as a researcher and deputy director of the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, deputy director of the Ninth Institute of the Second Machinery Department, and deputy director of the Ninth Institute.
8. What about Cheng? ( 19 18-? )
Wujiang city, Jiangsu province? Born in 19 18, male, party member, expert in nuclear weapons technology, academician of China Academy of Sciences. 194 1 graduated from the physics department of Zhejiang university, 1946 went to study and work in the university of Edinburgh, England, 1948 became a researcher at the royal institute of chemical industry after receiving his doctorate. From 65438 to 0950, he returned to China and successively served as an associate professor and professor at Zhejiang University and Nanjing University, deputy director and vice president of the Institute of Nuclear Weapons of the Second Machinery Department, deputy director and director of the Institute of Nuclear Test Base of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, deputy commander of the base, and permanent member and consultant of the Science and Technology Commission. He is currently the consultant of the Science and Technology Committee of the General Armament Department of China People's Liberation Army.
9. Huang Weilu? ( 19 16-? )
Wuhu City, Anhui Province, born on 19 16, male, party member, rocket technology expert, academician of China Academy of Sciences, and academician of International Academy of Astronautics. 1947 graduated from Imperial College, University of London with a master's degree. After returning to China, he successively served as deputy chief designer and chief designer of control system of Dongfeng No.1, Dongfeng No.2 and Dongfeng No.3, chief designer of submarine-launched solid strategic missiles and land-based mobile solid strategic missiles, chief engineer of the Aerospace Department and senior technical consultant of the Aerospace Industry Corporation.
/kloc-0 0. Tu Shouyi? ( 19 17-? )
People from Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Born in 19 17, male, party member, expert in rocket technology and structural strength, academician of China Academy of Sciences, and academician of International Academy of Astronautics.
1940 graduated from The National SouthWest Associated University, 194 1 went to study in the Department of Aeronautical Engineering of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, and got a master's degree. 1945 After returning to China, he successively served as an associate professor and professor in The National SouthWest Associated University and Tsinghua University. After 1957, he served as director of research office, director of overall design department, vice president, chief engineer, deputy director of the First Research Institute of the Seventh Machinery Department, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics, chief technical consultant of the First Research Institute of Aerospace Industry, and senior technical consultant of the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
1 1 Qian Xuesen? ( 19 1 1-? )
Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 19 1 1 year old, male, party member, an aerodynamist, an academician of China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering. 1934 graduated from Shanghai jiaotong university, 1935 went to MIT to study abroad, got a master's degree the following year, and then entered California institute of technology. 1939 after receiving his doctorate in aviation and mathematics, he stayed in school to teach, engaged in applied mechanics and rocket and missile research. 1955 After returning to China, he served as director of the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, vice president and dean of the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense, deputy director of the Seventh Machinery Department, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, chairman of the third China Association for Science and Technology, vice chairman of the sixth to eighth CPPCC, and alternate member of the ninth to 12 Central Committee. He is currently a senior consultant of the Science and Technology Committee of the General Armament Department of China People's Liberation Army and honorary chairman of China Association for Science and Technology.
12 weeks? ( 1929-? )
Academician Zhou 1929 was born in Changsha, Hunan Province in May, and graduated from Tsinghua University in June. 1987 to 1997 as president of China academy of sciences. At present, he is the executive vice chairman of NPC, the chairman of China Association for Science and Technology, the deputy director of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, and a member of the National Science and Technology Leading Group.
13 Yang Jiachi? ( 19 19-? )
Born in Wujiang County, Jiangsu Province, 19 19, male, party member, expert in satellite and automatic control, academician of China Academy of Sciences, and academician of International Academy of Astronautics. 194 1 graduated from the Department of Electrical Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University. 65438-0947 studied in the Department of Applied Physics, Harvard University, USA, and obtained master's and doctor's degrees. After returning to China from 65438 to 0956, he served as researcher, director and deputy director of Institute of Automation of China Academy of Sciences, and deputy director and director of Beijing Institute of Control Engineering. 1968, he served as vice president of China Academy of Space Technology and chief engineer of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry.
14 Chen Nengkuan? ( 1923-? )
Born in Cili County, Hunan Province, 1923, male, party member, metal physicist, academician of China Academy of Sciences. 1946 graduated from the Department of Mining and Metallurgy of Tangshan Jiaotong University. 1947 went to study in the United States, 1949 received a master's degree, and 1950 received a doctorate in physical metallurgy from Yale University. He was a researcher at Hopkins University and Westinghouse. After returning to China from 65438 to 0955, he served as a researcher at the Institute of Applied Physics of China Academy of Sciences, director of the Experimental Department of the Ninth Institute of Second Machinery Department, vice president of the Ninth Institute, director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Institute, and senior scientific adviser of the Institute. From 65438 to 0986, he served as deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, and from 65438 to 0988, he served as deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense.
15 Chen Fangyun? ( 19 16-2000? )
Born in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, 19 16, male, party member, an expert in radio electronics and space system engineering, an academician of China Academy of Sciences and an academician of the International Academy of Astronautics. One of the founders of satellite measurement and control technology in China. 1938 graduated from Tsinghua University physics department. 1945 worked in the research room of Cosol wireless power plant, England, and returned to China on the eve of liberation. He worked in Shanghai Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1956 participated in the formulation of the national medium-and long-term scientific plan in 12, and was responsible for the organization of the new electronic institute. He began to engage in space technology from 1964, and transferred from 1976 to the commission of science, technology and industry for national defense, and was technically responsible for the overall design, equipment development, layout construction and satellite-ground coordination of the satellite measurement and control system. From 65438 to 0984, he was transferred as a permanent member and consultant of the Science and Technology Committee of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. He is currently the consultant of the Science and Technology Committee of the General Armament Department of China People's Liberation Army.
1 16. What about Wu? ( 19 17-? )
Pujiang County, Zhejiang Province, born in 19 17, male, physical metallurgist, academician of China Academy of Sciences.
1937 graduated from the aviation engineering department of Tianjin Beiyang University Institute of Technology, and later worked as a designer and engineer in Lei Yun Central Aircraft Factory and Kunming Central Machine Factory. 1943, went to the metallurgical department of Carnegie Institute of Technology in Pittsburgh, USA, and obtained the doctor of science degree. Later, he worked as a postdoctoral researcher in the Institute of Metal Research, and worked as a research engineer in the Department of Materials of Syracuse University from 1949. 1returned to China at the end of 950, 195 1 served as professor of metallurgy department of North Jiaotong University, deputy director of Shanghai Institute of Metallurgical Ceramics (later Shanghai Metallurgical Institute) of China Academy of Sciences, and director of its academic committee.
17. Ren Xinmin? ( 19 15-? )
Born in Ningguo County, Anhui Province, 19 15, male, party member, expert in space technology and rocket engine, academician of China Academy of Sciences, and academician of International Academy of Astronautics. 1940 graduated from Chongqing ordnance school. 65438-0945 went to the Graduate School of the University of Michigan to study abroad, and obtained a master's degree in mechanical engineering and a doctor's degree in engineering mechanics. /kloc-0 returned to China in August, 1949 and worked as a researcher in the Military Science Research Office of East China Military Region. 65438-0952 taught in Harbin Institute of Military Engineering, and 65438-0956 participated in the preparation of the Fifth National Defense Institute. He has served as director of the general office, director of the liquid rocket engine design department, vice president of the First Hospital and director of the liquid rocket engine research institute, deputy director of the Seventh Machinery Department, director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry, and senior technical adviser of the Ministry of Aerospace.
18 Sun Jiadong? ( 1929-? )
Born in Fuxian County, Liaoning Province, 1929, male, party member, expert in launch vehicle and satellite technology, academician of China Academy of Sciences, and academician of International Academy of Astronautics. From 65438 to 0958, he graduated from zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Institute in Moscow, Soviet Union, won the gold medal, and returned to China in the same year. He has served as director and deputy director of the overall design department of the First Branch of the Fifth Academy of National Defense. From 65438 to 0967, he was transferred to China Academy of Space Technology, and served as deputy director, director, vice president and dean of the overall design department, chief engineer of No.7 Machinery Department, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Aerospace, deputy director of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry and director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry.
Zhu Guangya (1924-? )
Born in Wuhan, Hubei, 1924, male, party member, nuclear physicist, academician of China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering. 1945 graduated from The National SouthWest Associated University physics department. 1946 went to the university of Michigan in the United States to engage in experimental nuclear physics research, and returned to China in the spring of 1950 after receiving a doctorate in physics. He has served as an associate professor and professor in Peking University and Northeast Renmin University (now Jilin University), a researcher and deputy director of the research office of the Atomic Energy Research Institute of the Second Machinery Department, a deputy director of the Nuclear Weapons Research Institute, a vice president of the Nuclear Weapons Research Institute, a deputy director of the National Defense Science and Technology Commission, a deputy director and director of the Science and Technology Commission of the National Defense Science and Technology Commission, the chairman of the 4th China Association for Science and Technology, and the first president and party secretary of China Engineering Institute. Vice Chairman of the 8th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, member of the Party Group, alternate member of the 9th and 10 sessions of the Central Committee, and member of the 4th and 1 1. Deputy Director of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee. He is currently the vice chairman of the 9th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, director of the Science and Technology Committee of the General Armament Department of China People's Liberation Army, and honorary chairman of China Association for Science and Technology.
20. Wang Xiji? ( 192 1-? )
Born in Dali City, Yunnan Province, 192 1, male, party member, expert in satellite and satellite return technology, academician of China Academy of Sciences, and academician of International Academy of Astronautics. One of the organizers of China's early rocket technology research was the technical director of China's first liquid fuel rocket and its subsequent meteorological rockets, biological rockets and high-altitude test rockets. He advocated and participated in the development of two new disciplines: uncontrolled rocket technology and recovery technology. 1942 graduated from department of mechanical engineering, The National SouthWest Associated University. 65438-0948, went to Virginia Tech to study abroad and got a master's degree. From 65438 to 0950, he returned to China and served as an associate professor and professor in Dalian University of Technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Shanghai University of Science and Technology. After 1965, he served as vice president, director of science and technology commission, and chief engineer of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry.
2 1. Wang Daheng? ( 19 15-? )
Wu County, Jiangsu Province, born in 19 15, male, party member, optical expert, academician of China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering. China is one of the pioneers and founders of modern national defense optical technology and optical engineering. Under his leadership, he opened up and developed the fields of national defense optical technology such as shooting range optical testing technology, laser technology and solar ground simulation. 1936 graduated from Tsinghua University physics department. 65438-0938 went to study in Britain, majoring in applied optics, and obtained a master's degree. 1942 was hired as an assistant researcher by Chance company in Birmingham, England. 1948 returned to China. He has served as a professor at Dalian University, director of instrument museum of China Academy of Sciences, director of Changchun Institute of Optics and Mechanics, dean of Changchun Branch of China Academy of Sciences, vice president of 15th Academy of National Defense Science and Technology (concurrently), chairman of chinese optical society, director of technical department of China Academy of Sciences, and deputy director of National Defense Military Science Research Committee.
22. Yu Min? ( 1926-? )
Born in Ninghe County, Hebei Province, 1926, male, party member, nuclear physicist, academician of China Academy of Sciences. 65438-0949, graduate student of Physics Department of Peking University, and part-time teaching assistant. Since 195 1, he has worked as an assistant researcher and associate researcher in the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, engaged in nuclear theory research. At the end of 1960, he began to study the theory of nuclear weapons. From 65438 to 0965, he was transferred to the Ninth Research Institute of the Second Machinery Department, and served as deputy director of the Theory Department, deputy director and director of the Theory Research Institute, vice president of the Research Institute, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Academy, and senior scientific adviser of the Academy.
23. Guo Yonghuai? ( 1909- 1968)
Born in Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, 1909, male, party member, aerodynamist, academician of China Academy of Sciences.
1935 graduated from Peking University physics department. 65438-0940, went to the Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Toronto, Canada, and obtained a master's degree. 194 1 year went to California institute of technology to study compressible fluid mechanics. 1945 stayed in school as a researcher after obtaining a doctorate. 1946 Up to now, associate professor and professor at Cornell University, USA. After returning to China from 65438 to 0957, he successively served as the deputy director of the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the vice chairman of China theoretical and applied mechanics Institute, the deputy director of the Ninth Institute of the Second Machinery Department and the deputy director of the Ninth Institute. 1968 is dead.
The attached drawings are as follows: