The idea and practice of combining enterprise university education with practice, through integrating industrial chain and binding the supply mechanism of human resources, is both a warning and a challenge to traditional higher vocational education.
Both enterprise universities and higher vocational colleges aim at cultivating applied talents to meet the needs of the labor market. Therefore, it is necessary for higher vocational colleges to learn from the experience of enterprise universities and organically integrate enterprise elements into the education and teaching process in order to continuously improve the quality and effect of personnel training. The emergence of enterprise universities provides a new opportunity for school-enterprise cooperation. Higher vocational colleges can interact with enterprise universities through the following aspects.
Interaction of authentication systems
At present, higher vocational colleges generally implement "double certificate" education, that is, when students graduate, they not only get a diploma, but also at least one qualification certificate. The common practice of colleges and universities in qualification certification is to cooperate with government vocational skill appraisal institutions (such as labor bureau), and the school as an "agent" completes the work of charging, examination and certification.
Judging from the way of obtaining "double certificates", this kind of certification is a mere formality with the color of "profit": the functional departments only charge fees, the examination questions are not confidential, the invigilation is only symbolic, and the pass rate is almost 100%. As a result, the social recognition of certificates is getting lower and lower.
The qualification certification of enterprise universities has clear objectives, clear levels, perfect certification process management and high industry recognition. In particular, it is widely accepted by the third-party enterprises in the industrial chain (equipment manufacturers, distributors, engineering technical service outsourcers, etc.). ), and these enterprises often use certification for human resource management, which is linked to the recruitment and promotion of employees.
At present, many enterprise universities have launched cooperation policies with universities. Higher vocational colleges should seize the opportunity and actively carry out comprehensive interaction with enterprise universities in the certification system.
Interaction of practical teaching system
The training of talents in school education is mainly to impart basic knowledge and cultivate basic ability, but for the vast number of enterprises, they need talents who can adapt to the workplace environment and have rich work experience and practical skills, which is difficult for school education to provide.
The survey shows that many higher vocational graduates' professional ability can't meet the expectations of enterprises. The main problem is the lack of a set of effective practical teaching methods and means. At present, most of the practical courses in higher vocational colleges are still in the principle and verification type, and the practical results are only moved from "blackboard" to "display screen". This kind of practical teaching is only the repetition of the principle, and it can't cultivate students' professional ability.
The advantages of enterprise universities lie in the practicality of curriculum system, the factory of teaching places and the post-oriented teaching objectives. Higher vocational colleges can cooperate extensively with enterprise universities in the aspects of teachers, courses, venues and teaching modes involved in the practical teaching system. For example, in the construction of "double-qualified" teachers, we can make more use of the advantages of practical teachers in enterprise universities and introduce teachers from enterprise universities into higher vocational classrooms; In terms of courses and teaching materials, we can selectively learn from the courses of enterprise universities; Try to introduce and use some tools and skills courses directly; Effective methods such as project teaching and on-the-job training commonly used in enterprise universities can be used for reference by higher vocational colleges in the teaching process.
Interaction of social training
The pronoun of enterprise university is the employee training base of enterprise, and the series of training in its product chain is monopolistic. On the other hand, considering the training cost, regional distribution and other factors, enterprises also hope to cooperate with universities to set up authorized training centers to undertake training in a certain product direction. This mode of cooperation requires the school to provide certain resources, which can be recognized by enterprises. These resources include training platform construction, relatively concentrated places, teacher support, logistics support and so on.
Such cooperative entities can operate in a corporatized way and remain relatively independent within the organization. For colleges and universities, this interactive mode can be profitable and maintain the durability of cooperation. Another advantage is to enhance their influence and lay a foundation for the cooperation between colleges and society.
All-round interaction of joint education
Judging from the new trend of corporate universities, corporate universities have become a tool for enterprises to integrate strategic resources, including manpower, culture, brand, public relations, customers and technology. Enterprise universities and their enterprises in the industrial chain have formed a huge interactive group, and their links in human resources supply, technology and market are getting closer and closer.
At present, the focus of higher vocational colleges is: what is the future professional development direction, what is the post and skill demand, what is the talent demand trend, and where is the employment channel.
These problems can be found in corporate universities. If higher vocational colleges want to obtain more enterprise resources, their school-enterprise cooperation can't just stay in the single cooperation mode of "order system". Eligible institutions can try all-round cooperation and joint education.
The mode of running a school jointly is the highest level of school-enterprise cooperation and the maximization of resource cooperation between the two sides; This kind of cooperation requires both sides to jointly determine the personnel training objectives, curriculum system, teaching plan and so on. The main responsibilities of schools are enrollment and teaching management, and the responsibilities of enterprises are certification management, internship provision and employment security. In this cooperation process, colleges and universities pay attention to employment channels and teacher training. And enterprises are interested in talent supply and "cooperative profit". Students are the biggest beneficiaries of the cooperative mode of running schools jointly. They not only learned solid basic theoretical knowledge and exercised their professional skills, but also improved their "soft qualities" such as professionalism, professional awareness, interpersonal communication and teamwork, which made their "workplace" ability different from other students and closer to the needs of enterprises. After graduation, you can smoothly realize the transformation from "school person" to "enterprise person".