What is the training trend of higher education talents in China behind this new major? How to avoid teaching problems in the initial design of new majors, link professional training with future employment, and alleviate students' worries and anxiety?
Add 3 1 major, focusing on the field of "high precision and sharp lack"
According to the information released by the Ministry of Education, 365,438+0 majors, such as labor education, carbon storage science and engineering, biological breeding, wetland protection and restoration, have been officially listed in the undergraduate professional catalogue, and will be included in the undergraduate enrollment plan of the college entrance examination in 2022.
In terms of the number of majors, engineering has increased by 14, accounting for the highest proportion, involving materials, energy and power, electricity, water conservancy, geology, mining, etc. 13. Followed by art and agriculture, involving drama and film, art and design, as well as plant production, forestry, nature protection and ecological environment.
Colleges and universities train talents in different majors. The setting and quality of majors ultimately affect the ability of colleges and universities to train talents, serve and promote social development. So, what's the significance of increasing the number of majors this time?
"The establishment and filing of new majors in colleges and universities is an inevitable measure to implement the requirements of the party, respond to the needs of the country, and conform to the trend of the times. The demand of the country is' high precision', and the trend of the times is digital transformation and intelligent upgrading. " Hu Hu, director of the Professional Committee of Artificial Intelligence and Robot Education of China Education Development Strategy Society, said, "Many new majors are concentrated in engineering, agriculture and other fields. This is first of all the need to build a manufacturing power and an industrial power, followed by the inevitable result of the penetration of' high potential' new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data and Internet of Things into traditional labor-intensive industries and agricultural industries. "
Hu believes: "For a long time, China's industrial and agricultural production methods are still very extensive, and the degree of digitalization, intelligence and robotics is still not high. Compared with some industrial powers in the world, the density of industrial robots in China's manufacturing industry is still far behind, and the agricultural productivity generally lags behind some developed countries. Therefore, colleges and universities adjust and set up' four new' majors such as new engineering and new agricultural science, aiming at cultivating new compound talents who are good at emerging technologies and master professional knowledge of industrial and agricultural production. "
It is worth noting that this newly added major also includes the major of labor education, which responds to the recent Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Labor Education in Colleges and Primary Schools in the New Period. It can be seen that the adjustment of majors keeps pace with the development of the times and serves the needs of national strategy and economic and social development.
There are opportunities and difficulties, so we need to consider new majors.
Is the new major worth learning? Xiao Bing, a student majoring in credit risk management and legal prevention and control in Xiangtan University (hereinafter referred to as "trade wind major"), described his mistaken admission. "I don't know what the trade wind major is about when I fill in my volunteers. I couldn't find much information on the internet at that time. I wanted to study law at Hunan University, but it didn't enroll students in this province, because the trade wind major belongs to the field of law, so I thought,' Why don't you try?' "
After reading it, Xiao Bing found that there was a big gap between the trade wind major and the traditional law. "Because of the different training directions, the trade style major is to train talents for the future construction of the credit rule of law system, and it is more inclined to study credit. Therefore, except for the core law courses, the rest are credit-related courses, and we will study advanced mathematics. At the same time, the teacher also encouraged us to minor in finance. After all, credit is now used most in the financial sector. "
In her view, the setting of trade wind specialty serves the needs of social development. "The state has been emphasizing the construction of social credit system in recent years. At present, although there are many local laws and regulations, the content varies from place to place, and there is a lack of higher-level laws to regulate the establishment of laws and regulations. In the future, laws on social credit are needed." This "creative meaning" makes her feel a little proud in the process of learning, but the teaching mode, curriculum and teaching material resources of the new major still make her feel headache.