First, punish evil and eliminate rape.
In 925 AD, after the emperor destroyed the former Shu at the end of the Tang Dynasty, an in-laws of Meng Zhixiang was appointed as our embassy. Meng Zhixiang took advantage of the chaos at the end of the Tang Dynasty to stand on his own feet under Shu. In the first month of 934, he proclaimed himself emperor and built Houshu. Before Meng Zhixiang's death, Prince Meng Renzan, who died at the age of 16, succeeded to the throne, "entrusting Zhao, Zhang (that is, Zhang Ye) and Li."
After Meng Renzan acceded to the throne, he was renamed Meng Chang. At this point, the generals in the DPRK are veteran ministers who fought side by side with Meng Zhixiang. Meng Zhixiang is tolerant and kind, and has always given them preferential treatment and connivance, making them more arrogant. After Meng Changjun ascended the throne, they really looked down on the little emperor, and became more and more "arrogant (arrogant, arrogant), overstepping the law, doing everything in the first palace, seizing fertile land and building graves." Among them, Li and Zhang Ye's uncles are particularly arrogant.
Meng Chang hid in the background and sat tight. A few months later, he seized the opportunity of Li's ambitious expansion and put forward the excessive demand of "please sentence the Sixth Army". He arrested Li Zhaochao, the founding hero, on the grounds of "merging with his family" and went to the temple with a stick, claiming that he was sick and could not worship the king. After hearing the news of Li's death, Li lost his temper. The next day, when he saw Fang Meng, his hands were in a panic. He bowed down to him with his cane. Meng Chang rudely ordered him to retire and be relegated to a distant place.
When Li overthrew, his nephew Zhang was in charge of the imperial army. Meng Changjun appointed him as Prime Minister to stabilize Zhang Ye. Zhang Ye misjudged this and thought that Meng Changjun could do nothing about it, so he became hot-headed, openly set up a prison in China, and extorted money from the people with cruel criminal law, which made "Shu people complain". Meng Chang and his confidant design finally killed Zhang Ye. Later, Meng Chang systematically dismissed former ministers or made them retire early, and re-appointed cronies, thus completely completing the political reshuffle. Although Meng Chang's move was suspected of excluding dissidents, it was unanimously supported, because most of the people he purged were former ministers who were extremely angry in the previous dynasty, which was in the fundamental interests of the people and most people.
After the new peach changed the old character, Meng Chang "began to take charge of personal affairs." In order to observe people's feelings and enlighten politics, Meng Chang imitated the Tang Dynasty and set up a letter in the imperial court (a box for the imperial court to accept books from its subjects).
Because of the war in the Central Plains and the relative peace in Shu, some powerful warlords joined Shu successively with troops and land, and Meng Changjun sent troops to expand its territory. After years of war, Houshu completely recovered the territory of Qianshu. From then on, relying on the natural barrier of Shu Road, Meng Changjun lived a comfortable imperial life in Shu.
Second, diligent and talented.
At the beginning of Meng Changjun's administration, he was "quite diligent in political affairs", rectified the bureaucracy, expanded the territory, and made "the border not shrugged". He "advised farmers to be lenient in punishment, promote culture and education, diligently seek treatment, and share interest with the people", and built Houshu into the only "domestic happiness" paradise in the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries.
Meng Chang excluded Xiao Jing and Er Ya from the Nine Classics of the Tang Dynasty (The Book of Changes, The Book of Songs, The Biography of Zuo Family in the Spring and Autumn Period, The Biography of Gongyang in the Spring and Autumn Period, The Rite, The Book of Rites and Zhou Li) and kept them.
Meng Chang has a high literary accomplishment, is proficient in poetry and songs, and even becomes the originator of Spring Festival couplets recognized by later generations. Spring Festival couplets began in the Five Dynasties. According to Shu Kun, "Shu did not return to the year before the Song Dynasty, except for Japan. I often ordered the bachelor Xin to write a peach symbol on the bedroom door, claiming that his words were not meritorious, and wrote a cloud: New Year's Harvest, the first festival is Changchun. " This couplet has thus become the earliest recorded Spring Festival couplets.
In 94 1 year, Meng Changjun wrote a 96-word official proverb, urging officials to be honest and love the people first.
Meng Chang's character is "kind and soft-hearted" and he is especially cautious about the death penalty. Every time we review the death penalty report, we try our best to show mercy outside the law and try our best to save the lives of criminals. Meng Chang will send people secretly to the execution ground to observe the execution before the prisoners who have been approved for the death penalty are executed. As long as death row inmates "say that they are wronged in one sentence", they will immediately appear to stop the execution and immediately hand it over to the department for repeated verification, so that some cases "will not be judged for three to five years." Because of his "kindness", when he later fell to the Song Dynasty, "from Erjiang to Meizhou, the whole people believed in Taoism, and hundreds of people cried and mourned."
If Meng Changjun has been diligent and loving the people, he will surely become an immortal sage monarch. However, while being diligent and loving the people, Meng Changjun also embarked on the road of corruption and national subjugation.
Third, luxury.
At that time, "the Khitan Rebellion, the locust plague in China continued for years", while Houshu was peaceful, peaceful, rich in products and comfortable, like a gentle hometown, which gradually killed Meng Changjun's ambition. Thus, in the middle of Meng Changjun, "the extravagance of the monarch and the minister" began to degenerate. Meng Chang was first "good at playing ball, but also a skill in the alchemist's room", and then "adopted many good families to fill the harem". In addition to his concubines, he also set a grade of 12, and added a title number to the beautiful concubines, which was equal to that of officials and scholars. All the expenses they need are supervised by Meng Chang and paid from the state treasury every month.
Mrs. Hua Rui, who is very beautiful in Meng Changjun, likes her very much. She made a delicious "Yang Feitou" to please her, and also made a vegetarian dish called "One Plate in January" for her to enjoy. Meng Changjun is becoming more and more extravagant, building Crystal Palace in Hechi as a summer resort. After the completion of this place, it is extremely luxurious: three nanmu columns, agarwood building, coral window, jasper house and glazed wall of the main hall. Partridge account, sapphire pillow and popsicle pole stacked on top are better than paradise on earth. Meng Chang and Huarui spend wonderful nights here every summer, staying together and dancing together.
The History of Song Dynasty summed up the history of Meng Changjun's middle and late reign with the word "exclusive luxury". Meng Chang's luxury shocked the world: his urinal was made of seven kinds of treasures, and the materials of other daily necessities were extremely luxurious. Therefore, after Song Taizu became a prisoner in Meng Chang, he pointed to the urinal and sighed, "You decorated this with seven treasures. What should you use to store food? If you do this, don't die! "
Meng and his son "cultivated men's warm clothes and delicious food for forty years". After Meng Changjun fired all his former ministers, almost all of them were incompetent. These new courtiers are playing with each other. I don't know. The sword of Damocles hangs high above my head.
Fourth, subjugate the country and surrender the Song Dynasty.
This piece of fat in the southwest has attracted Zhou Shizong's Chai Rong, who sent troops to attack Houshu and won a great victory. Since then, the strategic goal has been turned to the Southern Tang Dynasty, and Shu has been able to survive. After the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin was determined to wipe out Houshu in one fell swoop, and sent Wang Quanbin, a famous soldier, to attack the capital of Shu with 60,000 chosen men.
In order to show his determination to solve the problem of Houshu once and for all, Song Taizu ordered craftsmen to build more than 500 houses in the capital of song dynasty, resettle the prisoners of Houshu, and ordered his soldiers: "When marching, don't burn houses, expel officials, develop high graves, cut down mulberry rot, attack cities and pull out villages, and don't kill prisoners or rob property." Shortly after the troops set out, it suddenly snowed heavily in the capital. When Song Taizu was inspecting with a mink hat, he suddenly said to the left and right, "I'm so naked, and I still feel cold. I miss the soldiers of the Western Expedition and make frost and sleet. Why is it so bad? " So he took off his mink hat and sent people to Sichuan to give it to Wang Quanbin. At the same time, he sent a message to the whole army, but it was a pity that he could not enjoy himself. Song Jun was deeply moved, and all of them fought bravely for the first place, winning140,000 Shu soldiers guarding the city in Chengdu without fighting.
On the other hand, Meng Chang's first trick was to send Wang Zhaoyuan, who was "good at reading the art of war and promising himself a plan", to lead the troops to resist. Wang Zhaoyuan comes from a humble background, but he is a little clever. Meng Zhixiang "loved him" and asked him to serve and accompany Meng Chang to study. After Meng Chang acceded to the throne, he was promoted to "know all about the Tang Dynasty, but no matter how big or small it is, once entrusted, the treasury will take whatever it wants." Meng Chang's mother repeatedly reminded her son that "Zhao Yuan didn't, and he didn't listen."
So, when the Shu army "originated in Chengdu", Meng Changjun sent the Prime Minister to practice for him. Wang Zhaoyuan, like a player, "holds the iron and commands the army, comparing himself with Zhuge Liang." Drunk, he boasted to the Prime Minister: "Please tell your Majesty that my trip will not only keep the enemy out of the country, but also lead this' 20,000-30,000-faced evil son' to pursue victory and seize the Central Plains as easy as a piece of cake!"
Wang Zhaoyuan, who boasted that he was not afraid of flashing his tongue, met Song Jun, lost in World War III and fled in panic, leaving the Ministry to stick to the sword gate and abandon the Tibetans. Finally, he was searched by Song Jun and taken to Bianjing.
Meng Chang was frightened to learn that "Zhaoyuan and others were arrested one after another". "Give money to recruit soldiers." There must be a brave man under four questions. After teaming up, Meng Chang put the important task of "leading tens of thousands of elite soldiers to guard the sword gate" on the shoulders of Prince Meng Xuanzhe.
Meng Xuanzhe is even more unreliable than Wang Zhaoyuan. He is "never practiced martial arts", while assistant coaches Li Tinggui and Zhang Huian are "totally ignorant". Three rookies lead tens of thousands of soldiers and can only turn their men into tens of thousands of fat pigs. The most ridiculous thing is that the prince regards expedition as tourism. "Xuanzhe left Chengdu, but with ten generations of concubines, musical instruments and singers, he played day and night and had no sympathy for the military and government." When the troops arrived in Mianzhou, Meng Xuanzhe learned that "Songshi broke the sword gate" and simply fled the scene, "fled to Dongchuan". Worse, he used the excuse of not leaving a grain for Song Jun, "burning the house and leaving in a hurry".
Song Jun is on the verge of destruction. "Shu soldiers fled and many generals were captured." Meng Changjun "worried, ask." In view of the arrogance and extravagance of the soldiers in Houshu for decades, "when you meet the enemy, you can't send an arrow for us." Who will work for me if I have a solid foundation at present? He finally rejected the veteran's strategy of "gathering but not leaving" and sent the prime minister to surrender to Song Jun, so as to prevent the people in Shu from suffering the disaster of war again. At this time, it was only 66 days before Shu Shu was declared.
V. Insulting his wife and mother
After Meng Chang surrendered to the Song Dynasty, he came to Bianjing with his family and officials, was named King of Qin, and lived a happy life in the late Han Dynasty and Liu Chan. However, as the monarch of national subjugation, Meng Changjun was humiliated far more than the late Liu Chan.
Meng Changjun's beloved Mrs. Hua Rui accompanied him on the way to the capital of song dynasty, and wrote "picking mulberry seeds on the way" comparable to Li Qingzhao's: "When you first leave Shu Road, your heart will be broken and you will have resentment. Spring is like a year. Smell cuckoo from time to time immediately. All three thousand ladies-in-waiting are beautiful, and my concubine is the most beautiful. If I go to China, I am afraid that the king will be partial to me. "
After entering Beijing, in the face of Song Taizu's request for impromptu poetry, Mrs. Huarui condensed her hatred of the country and family into poetry without thinking, and blurted out: "The flag was lowered on the city. Where do I know?" One hundred and forty thousand people were disarmed, and none of them were men! "
Meng Changjun's mother, Li Taihou, went to Beijing with Meng Changjun, and Song Taizu respected her very much. She was carried into the palace in a sedan chair many times to appease her, indicating that she was willing to send her back to Shu when conditions were ripe. Li Taihou made it clear that he didn't want to go back to Shu, he wanted to go back to his hometown Taiyuan. Song Taizu has not recovered from Taiyuan, saying that once Taiyuan is conquered, it will satisfy Li Taihou's wish.
Paradoxically, Meng Chang arrived in Beijing for only seven days and inexplicably "died in Tokyo at the age of 47." Song Taizu held a grand memorial ceremony for him: "On the fifth day of the abolition of the dynasty, the court plainclothes paid tribute to Daming Hall, issued a ministerial order, paid tribute to the king of Chu", and the government was responsible for all funeral expenses.
Li Taihou is a strong man. He didn't shed a tear when he heard the bad news of his son's sudden death. "You can't die in your country, even today, you should covet life," he said with a glass of wine. Therefore, I endure the dead, and I regard you as my son. Now that you are dead, how can I live! "So he started a hunger strike." He died in a few days. "
After the funeral of Meng Changjun and Li Taihou, Song Taizu naturally brought Mrs. Huarui, who lost her husband and mother-in-law, into the harem.
Throughout Meng Chang's life, his father left him a land of abundance, and Sichuan formed a natural barrier to him. The country is rich and the people are rich. At the beginning of his accession to the throne, he also made great efforts to govern, "committed to national politics." However, he fell into a strange circle of food and clothing in the middle and late period of his administration, and he was arrogant and extravagant. "Fortunately for my concubine, I trust mediocre materials", playing a good hand to pieces. "If you do, you should be punished."
The Book of Songs says, "The decadent has no beginning, and the fresh has an end (no one has a good beginning, but few people can finish it well)." Before and after Meng Chang came to power, he was totally different. The reason is that he completely forgot his initial intention of being diligent for the people and threw the official warning to the outside world. His words and deeds were different, and he became a typical two-faced, and eventually died, which was regrettable and thought-provoking. I wonder if the famous epigram in Du Mu's Epang Palace Fu sounded in his ear before Meng Changjun's sudden death: "Qin people feel sorry for themselves, and future generations mourn. Future generations mourn without learning lessons, and let future generations mourn for future generations! "
Xu Yunhui, male, 1984 graduated from Chinese Department of Yunnan Normal University, and is now a senior lecturer of Baoshan No.1 Middle School Education Group in Yunnan Province. Published two monographs in literary journals above the provincial level, with more than 500,000 words.