(2) When listening to the class, you should concentrate, concentrate, and carefully take notes on the main points, difficulties and unique opinions emphasized by the teacher. Try to understand what the teacher said in class. After careful thinking, digestion and absorption, it becomes your own thing. (3) Reviewing in time after class is an essential part of consolidating what you have learned. In the review, we should carefully sort out the class notes, compare the teaching materials and reference books, summarize and supplement them, and delete the redundant parts. A summary should be made at each stage, so as to integrate the learned knowledge, review the past and learn new things, form your own ideas, master the ins and outs of the learned knowledge, and make the learned knowledge more complete and systematic. (4) Complete the homework independently. Doing homework is to consolidate and digest knowledge, so we should draw inferences from others and learn from others to form good habits. (5) We should have a correct attitude towards exams, do not cheat, do not simply pursue high scores, regard exams as a kind of exercise, test our learning effect, cultivate our ability to solve problems independently, and play a role in finding weak links in time and making up for them. Grasp these basic links in learning, think and remember on the basis of understanding, and pay attention to timely digestion and absorption. Through continuous thinking, continuous digestion and deepening understanding, the knowledge and ability gained in this way are solid. University learning methods. Consciousness of participation. Actively participate in teaching activities instead of relying too much on teachers' help. Promote college students to question, analyze, read and think about teachers' lectures. College students need more reading and thinking, but the requirements for memory are not as good as those in high school. Seek understanding, then apply, don't memorize. A person with a strong memory can only be called a "walking dictionary" at most, and can't become a scientist or philosopher. "Bo" and "Deep". Knowledge is a huge and complex system. Generally speaking, an individual with a certain specialty can only conduct in-depth research on one or two disciplines, while only making a general understanding of other disciplines. Without "Bo", it is not "deep", and without "deep", it is often lost to "Bo". As the old saying goes, because of this, we can know the sound by smelling a thousand songs and the instrument by seeing a thousand swords. Mr. Lu Xun once said that you must pick many flowers like bees to make honey. If you bite in one place, your income will be limited and boring. Second, the overall connection and structure of the organization. In university study, we must follow the principle of wholeness and regard all kinds of knowledge as an interrelated whole. Lenin said: "Every concept has a certain relationship with all concepts, and it must be related." The understanding of any knowledge is always based on existing experience and knowledge.
If the existing knowledge is isolated, on the one hand, it will hinder the deeper understanding of the knowledge itself, on the other hand, it will affect the use of these knowledge relationships to understand new knowledge. Learning knowledge in isolation means learning parts, not learning the whole machine. The way college students look at problems should be "from individual to general, from special to abstract". Abstract thinking is a process of using concepts, judgments and reasoning to reflect reality. Abstract thinking abandons the concrete image of things and extracts the essential attributes of things. College students should learn to use abstract thinking. Another way of thinking is thinking in images, which is also an indispensable way of thinking for college students in their study and life. Thinking in images is a kind of thinking form with thinking in images as its form, emotion as its driving force and imagination, association and fantasy as its thinking activities. Concepts and theorems are serious, abstract and inflexible, and those who learn and use them vividly just keep them alive, concrete, vivid and emotional in their hearts. College students must not be blinded by the abstract representations of these theorems and concepts in their study. They should try their best to explore their inner and living things and understand them emotionally. Chen Shan, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once said, "Reading requires mastery of the Dharma. Ask for it at the beginning and ask for it at the end. " This is a warning to readers. For college students, this entry and exit are both active behaviors of college students, and the purpose of learning is achieved between this entry and exit. Because any concept is abstract and concrete. Mastering concepts is not only a process from individual to general, but also a process from general to individual. Only through such repetition can we really grasp the concept. The process from general to individual is the process of applying concepts. Third, learn to assume problems. Engels said: As long as natural science is thinking, its development form is hypothesis. He is good at making assumptions from places where everyone thinks there is no problem, and then using the rebuttal method of "citing counterexamples" to peel off the illusion layer by layer and remove the false from the true. Judge. Judgment is related to logical reasoning and analogical reasoning. College students should form the habit of judging things correctly, and they must not rely on subjective assumptions to make sense. Goethe once said that imagination without judgment is the most terrible thing in the world. This sentence deserves our taste. Fourth, contrast. The similarity of surface forms will cause false associations, and the methods of elimination will be compared. Fifth, time management. When you enter an adult college, the new environment you will face, your choice of study, work (or production) and housework may confuse you.
However, it is very important to handle the relationship between the above three and manage it in time. Learning in college is not keen on getting high marks, but driven by knowledge. Use both hands and brains to unify learning and speculation. University learning method 3 The first is to start with small things and pay attention to details. Whether a person's habits are good or not and his quality is high is often reflected in small things. Distinguish between right and wrong and remind yourself at any time. For example, pay attention to your standing, sitting, walking and eating, pay attention to the cleanliness of every homework or exam, pay attention to the etiquette of treating people, and so on. You may be a little "tired" at first, but it won't take long for you to get used to it and benefit for life. The second is to make a good start but not a bad one. Habit is formed through a process, and the process has a beginning. As long as you think about what to do, you must start decisively, don't delay, don't wait. For example: I'm going to recite words, ok! Start reciting. I'm going to keep a diary, okay! Start writing. After a period of time, you feel that it has become a part of your life, and there is even nothing you can't feel. You will naturally do it and form good habits. On the contrary, bad things should not start. Because if you start, you will indulge yourself. For computer games, I have also been exposed to RPG, FIFA, StarCraft, CS, which is fun and cool! But it really delayed things. You will be caught by it, and you will be trapped by it. "Cool" for a while may not be "cool" for a lifetime. There is another thing called "Magic Collection". Don't be fascinated. We can play. The more efficient we study, the more time we play. But you must play with things that are good for your physical and mental health, and you must be able to control yourself. People are a very strange thing. There are some things he should do and some things he wants to do. The terrible thing is that you often don't want to do what you should do, and you often shouldn't do what you want to do. What can we do? I can only control myself, try to bring what I want to do into my own scope and do what I should do with interest. Being able to do this consciously is maturity. Now, some of my classmates and I have been able to enjoy great happiness in the success of our study, which is incomparable to any game. The third is to stick to a good start and persevere. When encountering difficulties, we must persevere and never relax. I started to keep a diary in the first grade of primary school, and I haven't stopped for a day. It's been more than 3000 days. I'm really tired and don't want to move. What if I can't get out of bed when I'm sick? Grit your teeth. Put the diary on the pillow and write a sentence. Afterwards, you will even be moved by your own spirit, and then cherish your achievements and become more and more unwilling to give up, so it becomes a good habit.
The fourth is to create a good environment, which can be agreed by several people or initiated by the class. Everyone urges each other to stick to some good things and put an end to and overcome those bad things. This is very beneficial, not only to form good habits, but also to have good friends and a good collective atmosphere. Fifth, no excuses. It is said that there is a rule in the United States Military Academy at West Point, which is: No excuses! This is very helpful for forming good habits. People are the easiest to forgive themselves. It is a bad habit to try to find some reasons to feel at ease. It will make you weak, make you lazy and make you escape. As a result, you lose your courage. Sixth, we should take every opportunity to exercise ourselves and get used to serving others. I suggest that everyone should be willing to undertake some social work if they have the opportunity, such as class cadres and branch representatives. This not only does not delay learning, but also is a good opportunity to exercise their sense of responsibility, serve others and work ability. These things have been developed, and it is also a good habit! University learning methods 4 1. It is far from enough to make a scientific study plan and scheme. Only by mastering the learning rules and formulating the corresponding learning plans and programs can we gradually complete the predetermined learning goals in a planned way. Alice once said, "Learning without a plan is simply ridiculous." It can be seen that strict learning planning is the guarantee to complete the learning task. First of all, according to the school syllabus, from the personal reality, according to the requirements of the overall goal, make a basic plan from a strategic point of view. For example, imagine what you want to achieve in college, what kind of knowledge structure you want to achieve, what kind of subjects you have completed, and what kind of abilities you want to cultivate. It is difficult for freshmen to make an overall plan. It is best to consult their professional teachers and senior students. First, do a good job in the overall planning of Grade One. After a year's practice and familiarity with the characteristics of the university, the four-year overall plan is improved. Secondly, we should make specific plans in stages, such as one semester, one month or one week. This plan is mainly based on our own learning situation and adaptability after entering school, including the focus of study, the distribution of study time, how to adjust learning methods, and what teaching materials and reference books to choose and use. The plan should follow the principles of practicality, feasibility, continuous summarization and appropriate adjustment. 2. Paying attention to the study method of reading art university is not only to complete the task of classroom teaching, but more importantly, how to give full play to the ability of self-study and enrich yourself in a limited time. Choosing books related to your study and interests is the best way. Shakespeare said, "Books are the nourishment of the whole world", and Bacon also said, "Books are ships of ideas sailing in the waves of the times, and they carefully give precious goods to generation after generation." Learn to choose your own must-read books from the vast number of books, and the art of reading. The first is to determine what books to read, and the second is to classify the books to be read. Generally speaking, it can be divided into three categories: the first category is browsing, the second category is full-text reading and the third category is intensive reading. As Bacon, the proposer of "knowledge is power", said: "Some books can be enjoyed, some books can be swallowed, and a few books should be chewed and digested. Browsing can be rough, reading can be fast, and intensive reading can be precise. In this way, you can read a lot of books in a short time, not only get a broad understanding of the latest scientific and cultural information, but also learn important theoretical knowledge in depth. This is a better reading method. When reading, we should also do the following two things: first, reading and thinking should be combined, and reading should be thought deeply, and we should not be superficial and do not ask for very much. Second, reading is not just a book, not a dead book, so as to learn true knowledge.
3. Be the master of time and make full use of it. During college, except for classes, sleeping and group activities, the rest time is very flexible. Scientific arrangement of time is very important for academic performance. Wu Han said in "Learning Collection": "Grasp all the free time and make proper use of it. Even if you study for an hour every day, it will add up to 365 hours a year, and time will be conquered. If you want to succeed in your career, you must cherish time. First of all, we should arrange the daily schedule, what to do at which time, what to do when the brain is best used, and what to do when the brain is tired, so as to adjust the brain rest and engage in other activities such as cultural and sports activities. Once the timetable is arranged, it should be strictly implemented, and it should not be delayed or changed at will, so as to form the habit of doing today's work well and never wait for tomorrow. I'll live until tomorrow, and everything will be fine. Secondly, we should cherish sporadic time. The richer the university life, the finer the time cut, and the more sporadic the time. Hua once said: "Time is accumulated by minutes, and people who are good at using sporadic time will achieve greater success." "British mathematician Cole, 1903, caused a sensation in the world because he solved a mathematical problem that has not been solved for 200 years. It took him nearly three years to finish it on Sunday. 4. Improve the knowledge structure and pay attention to the ability training. The so-called reasonable knowledge structure is not only profound professional knowledge, but also extensive knowledge, so as to meet the actual needs of career development with the most reasonable and optimized knowledge system. Dr. Li Zhengdao said: "I study physics, but I don't read physics books specifically." I also like reading miscellaneous books. I think you can read more miscellaneous books when you are young, and your mind will be more flexible. "When building their own knowledge structure, college students must prevent one-sided prejudice that knowledge is too narrow. Of course, establishing a reasonable knowledge structure is a complicated and long-term process, and we must pay attention to the following principles: ① the principle of integrity, that is, combining expertise with knowledge, one expert with many experts, and one hundred people can use it. (2) Hierarchical principle, that is, the establishment of a reasonable knowledge structure must be from low to high. In vertical connection, basic level, intermediate level and highest level are divided. Without a basic level, no matter how high the level is, it will become a castle in the air. Without a high level, it will not reflect the level. Therefore, no level can be ignored. ③ Proportionality, that is, the reasonable proportion between the quantity and quality of all kinds of knowledge when considering the overall situation. The principle of proportion should be determined according to the training goal, and the composition of different knowledge structures in the direction of success is different. ④ Dynamic principle, that is, the knowledge structure pursued should never be in a rigid state, but should be a dynamic structure that can constantly adjust itself. This is to meet the needs of updating the knowledge of scientific and technological development, researching and exploring new topics and fields, and changing careers, otherwise it will not keep up with the rapid development of the times.
College students should cultivate various abilities, including self-study, operation, research, expression, organization, socialization, obtaining information, choosing reference books, creativity and so on. In short, these abilities are all for preparing for future career. As Einstein said, "Higher education must attach importance to cultivating students' ability to think and explore problems. People use the thinking ability and wisdom of the brain to solve all the problems in the world, not by moving books. "In short, we must attach great importance to all the abilities and qualities we need in our future work and cultivate them consciously and seriously in the process of learning. Requirements of University Learning Method 5: 1. Learn the necessary physical knowledge to lay a solid physical foundation for future study and work. 2. Through the study of this course, cultivate scientific thinking methods and the ability to analyze and solve problems. Different parts have different knowledge characteristics, and each part also has certain learning difficulties. Students should adopt effective learning methods according to different knowledge characteristics and difficulties in the learning process. 1. Mechanics part: This part takes Newton's laws of motion as the main line, and all parts are closely related, emphasizing the concept of vector and the application of calculus method in mechanics. For example, momentum theorem, functional principle and angular momentum theorem can be deduced from Newton's law of motion, and rigid bodies can be studied by particle research method, and angular momentum, angular momentum theorem and angular momentum conservation of particles and rigid bodies can be studied. The main difficulty in this part is the integration of Newton's law under the action of (1) variable force. When solving this kind of problems, we should pay attention to the correct separation of variables and the appropriate replacement of variables. (2) Angular momentum and angular momentum conservation of particles and rigid bodies. When solving this kind of problems, we should pay attention to the vectorization of angular momentum and the differences between angular momentum and momentum, angular momentum conservation and momentum conservation. 2. Thermal part: This part mainly expounds the thermal motion law of thermal system from micro and macro perspectives. Microscopic theory explains the essence of thermal motion, and macroscopic theory describes the law of system state change. These two parts are interrelated and complement each other. The difficulty in this part mainly lies in the understanding of (1) rate distribution function, which should be analyzed and understood from the characteristics of molecular motion and the definition of rate distribution function. (2) The statistical significance of the second law of thermodynamics and the understanding of the concept of entropy should be based on the relationship between the macroscopic state and microscopic state number of the system, combined with the directionality of the automatic thermodynamic process. 3. Electromagnetic part: This part mainly expounds the basic concepts and laws of electrostatic field and steady magnetic field, the internal relationship and physical essence of electromagnetic phenomena. The main difficulties in this part are as follows
When solving the field strength of (1) arbitrary charged body, we should pay attention to the division of charged elements, vectorization of field strength and reasonable selection of coordinate system. (2) The distribution of electrostatic field when there is a conductor and the charge distribution on the conductor. When solving this kind of problem, we should pay attention to the reasonable application of field strength and potential distribution in conductor and the principle of field strength, potential and superposition. (3) Using Biot-Savart law to calculate the magnetic field generated by a certain current-carrying fluid, we should pay attention to the vectorization of this law when solving this kind of problem. It has similarities and differences with the calculation of electrostatic field strength. (4) To understand the induced electric field and displacement current, we should pay attention to their generating conditions, mutual relations and existing space. 4. Wave optics part: This part mainly expounds the basic laws of interference, diffraction and polarization of light from the wave nature of light. The main difficulty in this part is the diffraction law of grating. By analyzing the laws of multi-slit interference and single-slit diffraction of light, we can understand the diffraction, lack of order and resolution of grating. 5. Modern physics part: This part mainly introduces the special theory of relativity describing the law of high-speed motion of objects and the quantum physical basis describing the law of microscopic objects. The difficulty of relativity is relativistic kinematics. This part should be understood from the space-time view of relativity, and correctly understand the equivalence of inertial system, the measurement of space-time and the relativity of motion. The difficulty of quantum physics is the wave-particle duality of (1) physical particles and the statistical interpretation of de Broglie matter waves. This part can be understood by combining the wave-particle duality of light, the difference between light and physical particles, the concept of statistical probability and the debate on the theoretical basis of quantum mechanics in the field of quantum mechanics today. (2) To understand the Schrodinger equation, we can compare the methods of studying problems in quantum mechanics with classical mechanics, and combine the concrete and simple application of the equation to understand the status, application methods and physical significance of the equation. Specific practices: First of all, "classroom" and "after class" are two important links. 1. We should think around the teacher's ideas, with the teacher's questions, and at the same time we can ask some questions that we don't understand. For some of the teacher's analysis, which is not in the textbook, use a pen to mark it in the corresponding blank space in the book in time, so that you can understand it when reading. 2. After class, you should carefully read and review the contents in class, then finish your homework, then deepen your understanding with examples, and then start doing your homework. In addition, I think we can use some other teaching materials or counseling materials to broaden our horizons. Different teaching material analysis problems may have different perspectives, and some textbooks may conform to our own way of thinking, which is convenient for us to deepen our understanding of the principle. In short, focus on the key points and details in class, and strive to consolidate and deepen understanding through various channels after class.
Secondly, regarding the study of college physics, I think I must have several important ideas in my mind: First, the idea of calculus. An important feature of college physics is that the knowledge of differential and integral is widely used in the quantitative expression of formula derivation. So we should change our ideas and learn to think with calculus. The second is the idea of vector. In college physics, a large number of physical quantities are expressed by vectors, so we should learn to analyze the vectors of physical quantities in appropriate coordinate systems, such as rectangular coordinate system, plane polar coordinate system, tangent normal coordinate system, spherical coordinate system and cylindrical coordinate system. The third is the idea of basic model. In order to simplify the analysis of problems in physics, some ideal models are often used, and mastering these models is conducive to deepening understanding. Such as rigid body model in mechanics, system model in heat, point charge, current element, electric dipole in electromagnetism, magnetic dipole model and so on. Of course, we can also sum up some other important ideas. Finally, we should give full play to our imagination and spatial thinking ability. For some models, we can make physical objects to reflect them and feel them intuitively through vision. However, there are still many models in college physics that we can't directly reflect and must be constructed by exerting our imagination. Learning methods of college physics 6 1. Make clear the purpose of learning and master the main points of learning. The teaching content of computer basic course involves a wide range of computer basic knowledge and has strong practicability. Therefore, students are required to make clear their learning objectives first, and learning basic computer courses is to prepare for further learning other related knowledge of computers in the future. 2. Strengthen practical teaching and training to improve the ability of homework design. Under the premise of firmly grasping the basic concepts and principles, it is very important to pay more attention to the practical learning process under the guidance of theory. A lot of knowledge and skills can only be truly understood and mastered through repeated computer practice. 3. Creatively study and use the computer knowledge you have learned to solve practical problems, think about what you can do in combination with professional or practical problems, and do a few things according to your own imagination, which will certainly consolidate your knowledge and find out what functions you should have, so that you will have a more purposeful study in the future. 4. Define the purpose of the computer. When you practice on the computer, you should have clear content, so that you can really master something in a certain period of time. Only in this way will you be more interested in learning. Some students were unprepared in advance and didn't know what to do when they got to the machine. A lot of time was wasted but little was achieved. When practicing on the computer, you can use some software to practice under the requirements and environment provided by the software, which can get twice the result with half the effort.
5. When practicing on the computer, broaden your thinking and be brave in innovation. Usually, there are multiple methods for each operation. When you first learn, it's good to remember one or two methods. When you master the method and look back at other methods, it will be easy to remember, and you will know which method is the best in which situation, thus forming a truly proficient skill. 6. Pay attention to accumulation, broaden your knowledge, read more reference books or other learning materials and broaden your horizons. After a long time, you will master many skills that others don't know. University learning methods 7 After college students go to college, they should explore ways to improve their learning according to their own learning environment and learning organization to meet the learning requirements of colleges and universities. The following are some summaries of their learning methods. (A) to establish targeted learning objectives and plan students' learning, we must first establish clear learning objectives and formulate practical learning plans. (1) The learning goal should be the goal of all-round development of morality, intelligence, physique, aesthetics and labor, which is not only the requirement of knowledge learning in all subjects; (2) Learning goals should combine long-term goals with short-term goals, and the goals should not be empty, realistic and possible; (3) the study plan should have the arrangement of content and time, and leisure time should also be taken into account. (2) Pre-class preparation with tasks is very important for students to understand the textbook thoroughly and carefully. However, preview is not a reading textbook in the general sense, but an exploration and reflection around the requirements and problems put forward by teachers in order to understand the central idea and main contents of the textbook. In the preview, you should write down the difficult problems so that you can solve them in class. (3) The process of developing students' positive thinking to understand knowledge by attending lectures is the process of using existing old knowledge to understand new knowledge and incorporating new knowledge into existing cognitive structure. Therefore, in the process of listening to lectures, we should contact the existing knowledge and experience, analyze and compare the similarities and differences between the old and new knowledge, and form new concepts through abstraction and generalization. Only in this way can the old and new knowledge be integrated into a knowledge system. Mechanical passive listening to lectures can't make the old and new knowledge connect and merge with each other. Only by developing positive thinking can we realize the integration and construction of knowledge system. (4) Organizing review scientifically means not simply reading the materials learned, but achieving the purpose of further digesting the knowledge learned and developing the thinking ability. (5) Cultivate self-study methods suitable for individuals. The learning method is both * * and special. A learning method that suits others may not suit you. This is because everyone's cultural knowledge base and learning ability are different.
Different, different personality characteristics. Some people tend to finish learning tasks quickly and simply, while others are used to understanding and discovering new knowledge in depth. Some people tend to master knowledge in an all-round way, while others like to taste it in depth and detail; Some people learn fast, while others learn slowly. Therefore, college students should consciously explore suitable learning methods according to their own characteristics. University learning method 8 Learning from middle school to university is a major turning point in life. The important characteristics of university life are: self-care, independent management, ideological self-education and high self-consciousness in study. Especially in the content, methods and requirements of learning, great changes have taken place compared with middle school learning. If you really want to learn knowledge and skills, you should not only continue to carry forward the spirit of hard struggle, but also adapt to the teaching rules of universities, master the learning characteristics of universities and choose the learning methods that suit you. Learning in universities not only needs to master profound basic theories and professional knowledge, but also attaches importance to the cultivation of various abilities. College education has obvious career orientation, which requires college students not only to master book knowledge in a down-to-earth manner, but also to cultivate the ability to study and solve problems. Therefore, we should pay special attention to the cultivation of self-study ability, learn to control the study time independently, and study consciously, actively and vividly. We should also pay attention to the cultivation of thinking ability, creative ability, organizational management ability and expression ability, so as to lay a good foundation for adapting to social work in the future. First, the initiative characteristics of university learning. The remarkable feature of university study and middle school study is that dependence is reduced and replaced by active and conscious study. The content of university education is to impart basic knowledge and professional knowledge. Education is very professional, and it is also necessary to introduce the latest cutting-edge knowledge and technological development of this major and industry. The depth and breadth of knowledge is greatly expanded than that of middle school. Classroom teaching is often an outline. The teacher only talks about the difficulties, doubts, key points or the most experienced parts of the teacher in class, and the rest depends on the students themselves to learn, understand and master. Most of the time is reserved for students to study by themselves. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate and improve the self-study ability of college students. University study can't be completely dependent on teachers' plans and arrangements like middle school. Students can't simply accept the teaching content in class, but must give full play to their subjective initiative and their potential in learning. This way of learning, which fully embodies autonomy, will run through the whole process of university study and be reflected in all aspects of university life. For example, self-arranged learning, self-selected learning content and learning methods, and so on.
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University learning methods
University learning methods
University learning methods
University learning methods 1
Learning from middle school to university is a major turning point in life. The important characteristics of university life are: self-care, independent management, ideological self-education and high self-consciousness in study.
Especially in the content, methods and requirements of learning, great changes have taken place compared with middle school learning.
If you really want to learn knowledge and skills, you should not only continue to carry forward the spirit of hard struggle, but also adapt to the teaching rules of universities, master the learning characteristics of universities and choose the learning methods that suit you.
Page 1
Learning in universities requires us to master profound basic theories and professional knowledge, and also attach importance to the cultivation of various abilities.
In addition to mastering book knowledge in a down-to-earth manner, we should also cultivate the ability to study and solve problems.
Therefore, we should pay special attention to the cultivation of self-study ability, learn to control the study time independently, study consciously, actively and vividly, and also pay attention to the cultivation of thinking ability, creativity, organization and management ability and expression ability, so as to lay a good foundation for adapting to social work in the future.