A scholar, an outstanding talent.
At the end of the Qing dynasty, the population was 400 million, and there were about 720 thousand literati and soldiers, which added up to almost one million. One in 40. It is still difficult to become a scholar. There are many old girls in old boys, and they can't make a living in the county at the age of 60. However, the scholar's fame itself has a general status and cannot be an official. Just equivalent to lecturers and professors in colleges and universities.
In ancient China, most people who could study were landlords, so they could study without production. The scholarship will be a decoration for them as local gentlemen. For example, Master Zhao in Lu Xun's works is a scholar, who is generally a landlord with scholars and fields. Compared with the current situation, it is equivalent to that the local township enterprise boss has become the village party secretary, which is often called "entrepreneur village official" recently.
Judge, judge
Passing the provincial examination is an important threshold for promotion. Juren can be an official, but it is difficult to have a chance to turn over. It was mentioned in the Ming Dynasty that if Juren failed in the third grade, he could register with the official department, and you might be asked to fill the hole later. Of course, the price is that you can't take the exam again.
Juren usually can't be a big official, but with luck, he can be a county magistrate. For example, in 200 AD, Master Zhang was appointed as the magistrate. Of course, there are very few high-ranking officials at the provincial and ministerial levels, such as the famous Hai Rui, who is just a juren but a high-ranking official of the Ming and Nanjing empires.
Unfortunately, if you are not an official, you can at least enjoy the privilege of not kneeling in front of the county magistrate and exempt dozens of people from taxes and corvees on several acres of land. Therefore, in order not to bear the corvee, many people will voluntarily sell themselves as slaves and dedicate their land property.
Now, by analogy, being an official is equivalent to a local county-level cadre with real power, and not being an official is equivalent to a county-level cadre. In ancient times, the imperial power was no less than that of a county, and everything had to be supported by a county-level juren.
Jinshi and champion
The admission rate of Jinshi is generally 100%, and the final admission rate is level 3, which is the so-called "top three". The top scholar is a scholar, and the top scholar is a scholar, that is, the first, second and third place is a scholar.
If you become a Jinshi, you will often become a local county-level cadre as long as you rank in the top three or the bottom two, but you can make friends with provincial and ministerial officials.
If it is the second place, it may enter imperial academy, which is roughly equivalent to Central Selected Graduates.
If it is a, directly be a cadre at the level of the central ministries and commissions or even a deputy bureau-level cadre.
Of course, for all Jinshi, full-time job is only their starting point, and fame is only their stepping stone. After that, they will become provincial and ministerial level, and the deputy national level is also expected.
If it is more popular,
Jinshi is basically the result of the best master's degree in northern Qing Dynasty.
Juren is roughly equivalent to the efforts of ordinary Qingbei/excellent Huawu graduates;
Talent is equivalent to the efforts of ordinary Hanwu students after graduation.
Kong Yiji is not even a scholar, which is roughly equivalent to the level of 2 1 1 college graduates.