Editor's Note: Since its establishment four years ago, the Youth Humanities and Social Sciences Research Center of China Academy of Social Sciences has always paid attention to social life hotspots and studied and tackled major issues of the times. The center extensively carries out various forms of social practice and research activities, and encourages young scholars to practice deeply, understand the national conditions and social conditions, and observe the people's feelings and public opinions. While providing a basis for the decision-making of leading organs, it has achieved fruitful scientific research results. Over the past four years, more than 50 social science research projects have been completed, which has produced good social repercussions. Recently, at the summary meeting held by the Youth Humanities and Social Sciences Research Center, we learned that the research group of "Investigation of Young Students' Marxist Belief" conducted a survey of some college students in Shandong, Guangzhou, Beijing, Jilin and Sichuan in 2004 in the form of questionnaires and individual interviews. Based on the comprehensive analysis of questionnaire results, interview information and other collected materials, the research group thinks that the current college students' belief in the mainstream of Marxism is good and positive, and there is no so-called "large-scale belief crisis". However, we should also be soberly aware that some students also have the tendency of indifference to Marxist beliefs, dilution of theories and diversification of ideas, and there are also some problems to be solved urgently in Marxist theoretical education and ideological and political work in colleges and universities to varying degrees. Here, the core part of the research results of "Investigation on Young Students' Belief in Marxism" is specially published for readers. It is positive for college students to believe in the mainstream of Marxism. In the research process of the research group, * * * distributed 272 questionnaires and recovered 269. It can be seen from the proportion of data that college students believe in the mainstream of Marxism positively: 1. Most students have a firm belief in Marxism and productism. For example, 78.8% of students think that Marxism is "convincing and not outdated"; When talking about the view that "whether contemporary western theories and doctrines can replace Marxism as the guiding ideology to solve practical problems in China", 76.2% of the students gave a negative answer; 84.2% of the students expressed their willingness to join the China * * * Production Party. 2. Most students are interested in the basic theory of Marxism and the theoretical achievements of Marxism in China. For example, 57.4% of students think that through studying political theory in recent years, they have become more and more aware of major issues such as Marxism and Socialism with Chinese characteristics Road; And 32% people think that theoretical study has a certain effect. On the understanding of the relationship between "Theory of Three Represents" and Marxism, 78.3% of the students think that "Theory of Three Represents" is Marxism in contemporary China. Most students are active and support the Party's line, principles and policies at the present stage. For example, 78.4% of students believe that we should continue to adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles under the social conditions of diversified social development and mutual agitation of various ideologies and cultures. 94.3% students think that the reform of state-owned enterprises is to "strengthen the strength of state-owned enterprises and develop the socialist market economy"; There are 6 1.7% students who believe that the most fundamental thing in socialist democratic politics is to "organically unify the adherence to the leadership of the party, the people being the masters of the country and the rule of law". 4. Most students are full of confidence in the career development prospect of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. For example, 80.2% of students object to the statement that "true westernization is good for us"; 89.7% students think that Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the primary stage of socialism, not the so-called capitalist road; The construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics has been greatly promoted, which is the only way for the country to become rich and strong and for the national rejuvenation. The research group found that some college students tend to downplay capitalist ideals and have diversified beliefs. For example, in the understanding of Marxism, some students think that Marxism is "unconvincing and completely outdated", while others think it is "unclear". When talking about the view that "whether contemporary western theories and theories can replace Marxism as the guiding ideology to solve practical problems in China", some students gave a positive answer, while others said that they were "unclear". For another example, there is a tendency to treat and understand "Theory of Three Represents" with a non-Marxist attitude. The main manifestations are: (1) separating and opposing "Theory of Three Represents" from Marxism; Theory of Three Represents Theory, as a rhetoric, is only a kind of oral propaganda. (2) Understand the era significance and historical position of "Theory of Three Represents" with an unscientific attitude. Some students lack a correct understanding of "Theory of Three Represents", and even a few students don't know the specific content of "Theory of Three Represents". Another example is the tendency to be unclear about the nature and basic content of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Some students even have doubts about Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory and the future of socialism. According to some teachers, a considerable number of students have a vague understanding of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory and some principled issues of right and wrong. On the understanding of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's social nature, some students can't figure out what is the essential difference between China's characteristics and capitalism. Some interviewed students believe that the nature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics is in the stage of new democracy. Some students also pointed out that China implements a socialist market economy, with economic leverage as the mainstay, and the relationship between people is the relationship between interests and money. So, do we have Socialism with Chinese characteristics's surname "Zi" or "She"? Especially under the impact of globalization, some students think that the convergence theory is correct, and some students think that it is not clear whether socialism and capitalism converge. This shows that some students' understanding of the future and destiny of socialism is still vague or even chaotic. The survey also found that a few students tend to be indifferent to political consciousness. Under the impact and influence of bourgeois ideas such as western multi-party system and pluralism, some students' political stance and consciousness are not firm and clear. For example, a few students think that it is "unclear" whether to continue to adhere to the four cardinal principles under the conditions of diversified social development; Some students agree with or feel unclear about the view that "in today's knowledge-based economy era, intellectuals and managers are representatives of advanced productive forces, and the working class is no longer the master of advanced countries". There are some problems in young students' belief in Marxism for various reasons. Subjectively, some students pay more attention to their professional study than to the study of Marxist theory and political theory, so that they lose the ability to distinguish and resist wrong ideas in real life. It is found in the survey that many students now take employment and postgraduate entrance examination as their main motivation, and think that learning Marxist theory is of little help and useless to them. This understanding has greatly hindered the improvement of young students' Marxist theoretical literacy and the cultivation of theoretical thinking. Objectively speaking, there are mainly the following reasons: 1 Some contradictions and problems in the reform and opening up have had a negative impact on the ideals and beliefs of young students. For example, some new situations and problems encountered in the development of market economy, the gap between the rich and the poor, corruption and problems existing in the construction of a clean and honest party style have made some young students shake their faith in the party's leadership and socialist construction and lose their faith. 2. In the teaching and propaganda of Marxist theory, there is still a problem that theory is divorced from reality, which affects young students' learning enthusiasm and sense of identity. The forms, methods and means of teaching and propaganda of Marxist theory courses in some colleges and universities are too rigid and inflexible, which lags behind the requirements of the development of current social situation for teaching and propaganda means. Among them, the most prominent problem is the "big" and "empty" phenomenon in teaching propaganda, blindly wearing a theoretical hat. There are many empty words and rhetoric, and as a result, young students often have rebellious psychology. The style of study is not correct enough and formalism is serious. The pertinence and effectiveness of asking questions, answering questions and solving problems in combination with the reality of social development are not strong. 3. The teaching team of Marxist theory does not adapt. On the one hand, the teaching staff and theoretical level of Marxist theory teaching team do not adapt to the development of the situation and tasks; On the other hand, the teaching team of Marxist theory has received relatively insufficient attention. Public opinion often regards teachers engaged in theoretical teaching as "all-purpose oil", and even thinks that teachers with incompetent professional skills will cause great psychological pressure on teachers engaged in theoretical teaching; Teachers of Marxist theory courses are objectively discriminated against in evaluating professional titles, promotion, and foreign exchanges, and their opportunities are often inferior to those of teachers of other professional courses. 4. The relevant education management mechanism is not in place. Over the years, according to the relevant provisions of the state, colleges and universities have clearly defined the teaching and learning of Marxist theory, especially Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory and Theory of Three Represents, and established some rules and regulations. Other forms of theoretical study can't be carried out except for the specified course examination. The teaching objectives are not clear enough. Although the relevant teaching and learning work plan is mentioned, the specific tasks, work objectives and assessment standards are vague. Some suggestions on strengthening the education of Marxist theory for college students. Really solve the problems that leaders at all levels attach importance to. Colleges and universities should institutionalize the regular study of Marxist theory and ideological and political education, carry out regular investigation and study, objectively evaluate the work situation, find outstanding problems in time, actively seek solutions, formulate effective improvement measures, and actively support the teaching of "two courses". The higher-level leading organs of the school should also further strengthen the inspection and guidance of Marxist theory education in the school and formulate more scientific, objective and measurable evaluation standards. 2. Further improve the curriculum system. First of all, some teachers have different views on whether Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents should be treated as one course or two courses, and whether one textbook or two textbooks should be compiled. If it is a course, there are different opinions on whether to talk in two parts or together. This should be solved. Second, the curriculum system only distinguishes between arts and sciences and graduate students, undergraduates and junior college students, and whether it lacks pertinence. At least it needs to be emphasized that while implementing the basic regulations, schools must make adjustments according to the actual conditions of different schools and students. Third, some teachers have different views on not offering "Marxist political economy" in the "two courses" for college students. Some teachers think that only philosophy, without political economy, will make students not fully grasp the basic principles of Marxism. For example, some teachers feel that because students lack the basic principles of Marxist political economy, they lack the theoretical basis of Marxist economics when studying Deng Xiaoping Theory. 3. Do a good job in the construction of basic theory textbooks. There are still the following problems in the current textbooks of Marxist theory. First, some textbooks pay too much attention to the comprehensiveness of their own content and the perfection of form, which will inevitably lead to the formalistic tendency of seeking perfection; Second, some textbooks confuse Marxist theory with the existing policies formulated by our party, and there are too many policies in content arrangement; Thirdly, in some textbooks, there is no obvious difference between the theoretical content itself and the author's understanding and explanation of the theoretical content. 4. Vigorously strengthen the construction of Marxist teachers. On the one hand, effective measures should be taken to improve the learning and working conditions of teachers of the "two courses" and help teachers establish professional pride and work responsibility; On the other hand, it is necessary to further optimize the structure of "two courses" teachers and improve their overall quality. First, we must strictly control the entrance, and we must not let those who are unqualified in political, ideological and moral qualities board the "two courses" platform; Second, strengthen the education, training and exercise of young teachers in many ways to improve their comprehensive quality; Third, it is necessary to formulate policies to attract outstanding talents with good political quality, high theoretical level, strong teaching ability, social practical experience or professional expertise, and enrich the team of "two courses" teachers; Fourthly, some excellent experts, scholars and party and government cadres are hired from inside and outside the school to form part-time teachers and participate in Marxist theory education in colleges and universities.
On College Students' Belief in Marxism