Chongqing Cancer Hospital was founded in 1943, formerly known as Shaci Health Experimental District Hospital of Central Health Laboratory. 1945 was renamed as Shaci Hospital affiliated to Chongqing Central Hospital, 1946 was reorganized as Shaci Hospital affiliated to Chongqing University Medical College, and 1952 was handed over to the Ministry of Health of Southwest Military and Political Commission and renamed as Shaci Hospital of the Ministry of Health of Southwest Military and Political Commission.

1953 was renamed the Eighth People's Hospital of Chongqing;

1954 was renamed Chongqing No.2 Workers' Hospital;

1984 Chongqing Municipal People's Government approved the change to Chongqing Cancer Institute;

1987 Chongqing Cancer Hospital was added.