According to incomplete statistics of interface news, up to now, nine multinational oil companies have announced their withdrawal from Russian oil and gas cooperation projects or expressed their relevant attitudes.
Among them, the oil companies that announced their withdrawal include BP, Equinor, Shell, ExxonMobil and Repsol of Spain.
Oil companies did not announce their withdrawal, but said they would not invest in new projects, including Total Energy and OMV.
In addition, Italy's Eni Oil Company will withdraw from the Blue Creek natural gas pipeline connecting Russia and Turkey. Eni Group owns 50% of the pipelines.
Chevron said that compared with other oil and gas companies, the company's risk in Russia is "relatively small". Because there are few oil and gas investment projects in Russia.
The actions taken by the above-mentioned international energy companies are related to financial sanctions in the United States and Europe.
On February 26th, the United States, the European Commission, Germany, France, Britain, Italy and Canada decided to exclude some Russian banks from the SWIFT payment system and impose restrictions on the Russian central bank.
"Russian state-owned energy companies are losing partners who bring them capital, business and technical expertise, which marks the end of an era." An article published by the domestic financial information service organization Golden Ten Data thinks that. In the post-Soviet era, Russia's energy industry can bring huge wealth to large oil companies, so these oil companies are very eager to reach oil cooperation with Russia.
Yan Zeng, chief analyst of Jiecheng Energy Holdings Co., Ltd., told Interface News that under the influence of geopolitics, international oil companies have chosen to withdraw from Russia, which is different from the previous similar incidents, indicating that the world politics and energy pattern are changing.
Liu Gan, executive deputy director of the Russian Center for Central Asian Studies at Youshi University in China, told Interface News that the announcement of the withdrawal of US and European oil companies from Russia is more an expression of attitude at present, and the actual operation plan has not been seen, such as the withdrawal time, asset disposal method and who will take over the offer next.
"From the perspective of a country, this is indeed the end of an era." Liu Gan said that the premise is that American and European enterprises have really taken practical actions, but at present, foreign enterprises have no way to withdraw their capital. A few days ago, Russia temporarily banned foreign investors from selling assets in Russia.
According to incomplete statistics of public information, the assets and related income of the above-mentioned multinational oil companies in Russia are at least about 34 billion US dollars.
By the end of 20021,Shell's illiquid assets in Russian joint ventures were about $3 billion. Last year, Shell's adjusted income in the Sakhalin -2 energy joint venture and the Salym joint venture was $700 million.
In the same period, ExxonMobil's long-term assets in Russia were $4.055 billion; The value of Equinor's joint venture industry in Russia is about1200 million USD.
BP said that withdrawing about 20% of its stake in Rosneft could lead to a loss of $25 billion.
Total Energy is evaluating the impact of sanctions on its activities in Russia, and relevant assets have not been announced. Total holds a 0/9% stake in Novatek/Kloc, a Russian natural gas producer.
Liu Gan believes that the announcement of multinational oil companies withdrawing from Russian projects will have little impact on Russian oil and gas production in the short term. Take bp as an example. Although the company holds about 20% of the shares of Rosneft, "BP is not engaged in the operation of any projects of Rosneft, but only a financial investor".
According to Liu Gan, except Hasalin 1 and 2 projects are oil and gas product sharing agreements, most Russian oil and gas projects are operated and exploited by domestic enterprises. The output of joint venture projects accounts for a small proportion of Russia's total crude oil output.
Sakhalin 1 and 2 are one of the important oil and gas projects in Russia, with the participation of BP, Shell and ExxonMobil.
Shell's 27.5% stake in Sakhalin No.2 LNG facility. This project is Shell's largest investment project in Russia, the first offshore natural gas project in Russia and one of the largest export-oriented oil and gas projects in the world.
According to the statistics of energy information agency argus, the annual LNG output of this project has been about 1 1 10,000 tons since 20 18 years. This figure accounts for 3% of the global LNG trade volume of 380 million tons in 20021year.
ExxonMobil holds 30% interest in Sakhalin 1 oil and gas project. The project mainly includes three offshore oil and gas fields located in the northeast of sakhalin island, namely Chaiwo, Aodaoputu and Halakoutun-Daqi. This is the first large-scale international offshore continental shelf oil and gas project developed by Russia.
Xi Jiarui, a senior analyst of Jinlianchuang Crude Oil, told Interface News that if multinational oil companies really leave Russia, it will damage Russia's oil industry chain in the long run and seriously damage the Russian economy.
Russia is a major producer and exporter of oil and natural gas. In 20021year, Russia's crude oil output was about 520 million tons, ranking third in the world, second only to the United States and Saudi Arabia. The natural gas output is 76 1 100 million cubic meters, ranking second in the world, accounting for about 18% of the world's total natural gas output, second only to the United States.
Last year, Russia exported about 230 million tons of oil, ranking second in the world after Saudi Arabia. Natural gas exports are about 200 billion cubic meters, ranking first in the world.
Oil and gas industry is also an important economic pillar of Russia. About 40% of Russia's fiscal revenue comes from the oil and gas industry; More than 50% of export income comes from oil and gas.
Xi Jiarui said that although Russian banks related to energy trade have not been kicked out of SWIFT, with the blessing of panic, the withdrawal of oil companies from Russia will inevitably lead to a decline in Russian crude oil production in the short term and increase the crude oil supply gap.
"As of February this year, Russian crude oil production has failed to meet OPEC+production requirements for three months." Xi Kerry told Interface News.
According to the data of Jinlian's founding date, in 20021year, the crude oil (excluding diluted asphalt) imported ashore by Shandong port refineries and traders was about1.1.400 million tons, of which about 251.5000 tons were imported from Russia, and only ESPO crude oil imports reached 22.8 million tons.
Jin Lianchuang said that in the short term, the economic sanctions imposed by the international community on Russia have a certain impact on the structure and cost of crude oil imported by local refineries in China.