1927 in may, in the white terror of the great revolution, Xu Teli resolutely joined the China * * * production party. In August of the same year, he participated in the Nanchang Uprising, served as a member of the Revolutionary Committee, a representative of the 3rd Division of the 20th Army of the Rebel Army and director of the Political Department. 1928 studied in the special class of Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow. 193 1 year 1 1 month, was elected as the executive member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Soviet Union, the acting minister of the Ministry of Education of the Ren Zhonghua Soviet Provisional Central Government, and concurrently the vice president of the Soviet University. 1934, aged 57, participated in the 25,000-Li Long March of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants, showing the fearless revolutionary spirit of the old hero.
After the founding of New China, he served as a member of the Central People's Government Committee from June 65438 +0949 to June 654381October+September 0954. In ancient times, he devoted himself to the construction of new China and socialist education. The CPC Central Committee once rated him as "tireless in learning", "tireless in teaching" and "an outstanding revolutionary educator in China". Mao Zedong praised him as a "strong veteran" and "revolution first, work first, others first". Liu Shaoqi praised him as "the glory of the production party of China". Zhou Enlai praised him as "the light of the people and the glory of our party". After the China * * * Production Party became the ruling party, Xu Teli's first concern was to maintain the party's fine style. He believes that as an old party member and a senior cadre of the Party, we should always maintain the Party's fine style of work, especially the work style of "seeking truth from facts and not being self-righteous". The second thing he is concerned about is the development of socialist education. He tirelessly engaged in academic research and published many incisive opinions and profound expositions. Most of these articles are included in Collected Works of Xu Teli's Education and Collected Works of Xu Teli.
1927 In the spring, Xu Teli returned to his hometown after nearly half a year's absence, and the rural landscape displayed in front of him was completely new-the bully landlord was down, and hooligans, cigarettes and gambling disappeared. There is no case to be tried by the court, and all lawsuits, big or small, must be settled fairly by the peasant association meeting. Through these changes, he saw the power of the peasant movement, and also observed the foresight of Mao Zedong who devoted himself to the peasant movement. Therefore, he joined the Hunan Farmers' Association, served as the chief of education, and concurrently served as the principal of Hunan Rural Normal School.
1927 in may, the reactionary warlord Xu Kexiang launched the "Ma Ri incident" in Hunan province, killing the * * * production party crazily and suppressing the workers and peasants' movement. Xu Te-li's son, Xu Du-ben, joined the * * * production party and died in the pursuit of the enemy. Xu Teli deeply felt that the Kuomintang's rescue of China was a bubble, and the country hated family feuds, prompting him to look around for the * * * production party. Soon, in his student's home, Li, the female producer of party member, met Li, the former teacher's student and the head of the Hunan Provincial Party Committee who took refuge here, and asked Li to join the China * * * production party. After his introduction, he formally joined the * * * production party. After knowing this situation, Mao Zedong praised: "It is really strong grass in the strong wind and pine and cypress in the cold year!" !
After Xu Teli joined the party, he took part in the work of the Wuhan Peasant Movement Workshop and launched the Nanchang Uprising. From 65438 to 0928, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Xu Teli to study in the special class of Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, Soviet Union. Two years later, he returned to China. Soon, he was ordered to go to the Soviet area. In order to popularize education in the Soviet area, he founded a teacher training class, which quickly developed into Lenin Normal School and trained more than 600 teachers for more than 40 towns and villages in Ruijin/KLOC-0. Under the direct leadership of Xu Teli, the Soviet area also established various specialized schools, which trained a large number of political, economic, military and cultural cadres and professionals for the Party.
In Changsha, Ruijin and Yan 'an, Xu Teli founded a large number of schools with his own hands, and he succeeded with little or no money. He relies on the two traditional magic weapons of self-reliance and hard struggle.
When Xu Teli was the president of Yan 'an Academy of Natural Sciences, due to the Japanese aggression and the blockade of the Kuomintang, there were no scientific instruments and equipment, no necessary books and materials, and even ordinary school buildings, blackboards, papers and pens were scarce. No matter how difficult it is, Xu Teli leads teachers and students to make their own teaching AIDS, experimental equipment and teaching materials, and also digs caves and builds school buildings. Yan 'an Academy of Natural Sciences, established by self-reliance, has been able to cultivate world-famous scientists and professional management talents, such as Peng Shilu, a famous nuclear power expert, and Ren Xiang, the father of geothermal energy in China.
Xu Teli founded Changsha Normal University from scratch. The first is that there is no school building. Finally, I think Hua Shan County and Changsha County have merged, and the schools in Hua Shan are idle. Although it is a ruined temple, it can be used for the time being. There are not enough teachers, so I ask my friends for help and only eat without giving money. Without a janitor, Xu Teli works by himself. I made it myself. There is no textbook. In this way, a vibrant Changsha Normal School was established. Over the years, Changsha Normal University has trained a large number of outstanding talents for the country. The same is true of Xu Teli's Changsha Women's Normal School. School buildings, blackboards, tables and chairs are all borrowed. Without funds, he took more classes in other schools, and the income was used as the running fund of Changsha Women's Normal School.
Xu Teli ranks second. He has a nickname "Xu Joule Flower" because he is very frugal. One year on New Year's Eve, he didn't go back to school until late at night, and cooking cold rice became his New Year's Eve. When Xu Teli was the principal of Changsha Normal University, he was mistaken for a servant by the concierge of Nan Zhou Girls' School because of his simple clothes. More interestingly, when he was a senior officer in the 18 Army of the National Revolutionary Army, he was stopped by the doorman of General Zhang Zhizhong and said, "President Zhang has an important guest today, so we won't receive him." When Mr. Xu came back with a business card and General Zhang Zhizhong came out to meet him, the doorman knew that the old man who looked like a chef was Mr. Xu, today's distinguished guest. He is the principal, the teacher takes a sedan chair, and he goes; The teacher eats small stoves, and he eats big stoves like students; The teacher wears leather shoes and he wears sandals; He never pays attention to others when they treat him. In his "Sixty Autobiographies", he wrote: "Save rice, oil and salt, refuse all social parties, and never invite friends to eat wine, meat and tea."
The road is blue, in order to open the forest. In order to run a school, Xu Teli is more thrifty than most people think. In order to reduce expenses, even a piece of paper and a pen are not used casually. Xu Teli always picks up the leftover chalk heads discarded by teachers and puts them in his pocket for class. Students often see the headmaster's clothes bulging in his pockets, but they don't agree. Xu Teli wrote four sentences for this: "Half a piece of chalk should be treasured, and public property should be treasured forever. The students don't understand Yu Zhongqu, but they call Yu a meticulous person. "
No matter how bad the conditions are, Xu Teli can do it well. Therefore, Xu Teli got the nickname "Xu Erlou Country". Carving a pot is to fill the pot with molten iron. Broken pots can be used as long as they are carved by sculptors. This is the nickname that Changsha citizens and some colleagues affirmed Xu Teli's professionalism. Being good at carving a broken pot is because Xu Teli has a strong cohesion as a principal. He is humble, democratic and pragmatic. He believes that when encountering difficulties, it is very attractive to both teachers and students. Because he set an example, sometimes the school can't pay wages, only provide meals, and the teacher still gives every class. The school lacks the necessary equipment, so teachers and students take the initiative to move everything at home to school.
He treats every teacher in our school sincerely, highly respects them, cares about their thoughts and lives in an all-round way, and attaches great importance to giving full play to their personal specialties. Therefore, many famous teachers are willing to pay less and teach under the leadership of Xu Teli. When he was the principal of Changsha Women's Normal School, a famous physics and chemistry teacher also worked part-time in Changjun Middle School. Chang Jun 1 yuan per class, often absent from class. Female teachers spend 6 cents per class. Not only is he not absent from class, but he also teaches very seriously and even takes the initiative to make up lessons for students. Someone asked him why, and he said, "President Peng of Changjun Middle School is old and unattainable; President Xu is approachable and a friend. I attend Changsha female teacher's class, and I often go to President Xu's room and sit on his bed and chat casually. He is hospitable and has no barriers. Although the hourly salary is a little less, he is very happy in spirit, so he is willing to help. "
When I was the dean of Yan 'an Academy of Natural Sciences, several teachers lived in a cave. According to the regulations, Xu Teli can live in a hole by himself, but he insists that other teachers and his three people live in a hole. In the evening, three people get together and work under a small oil lamp. He said: "Everyone lives more crowded than me. Why should I live alone? " I have to climb several hills to get to school. Every time it rains, the mountains are steep and the roads are slippery. He climbed up and down barefoot with crutches, and he was never a minute late because of the slippery road. At that time, he was almost 70 years old. With such a principal as an example, no professor will take it lightly in teaching and no student will play around. Xu Teli wrote in his notes: "If you want to be a man, you must be a man." He believes that as a principal, the most important thing is to face up to difficulties and set an example first.