2000-word thesis on freshmen's mental health: thoughts on freshmen's mental health education.
Based on the reality of mental health education for freshmen in colleges and universities, combined with their psychological characteristics, this paper tries to build a comprehensive mental health education system to help freshmen integrate into college life as soon as possible and create a better life.
Keywords:: freshman system construction
Classification number of China Library: G64 1 Document ID: ADOI:10.3969/J.ISSN.1672-810.2014.000.
The transition of freshmen from middle school to university is a major turning point in their lives. In an unfamiliar environment, they are faced with a series of changes in lifestyle, self-management, learning methods, concepts and life goals, and their psychology will undergo tremendous changes. If you are not careful, freshmen will fall into the quagmire of psychological confusion and cannot extricate themselves. Therefore, the mental health of college students is related to their quality of life, and their mental health problems can not be ignored. At present, the adaptation of freshmen has also been highly valued by educators. All colleges and universities have made psychological surveys and other tests for freshmen, and put forward various manifestations of freshmen's psychological problems. Some scholars' research shows that the common psychological problems of college students in China are obsessive-compulsive symptoms, sensitive interpersonal relationships, depression and paranoia. Neurosis and personality problems are the main psychological problems of college students with different social systems, political culture and economic development levels. Henny once suggested? Is the pursuit of idealized self the root of neurosis? . Some domestic studies believe that the mental health status of freshmen is highly related to their adaptability. If they have good adaptability, their mental health level will be improved. Most college students who have extreme behaviors, such as dropping out of school, dropping out of school or even committing suicide, are maladjusted students in the lower grades. Some scholars call this? Neonatal syndrome? .
Combined with the practice of daily mental health education, it can be summarized that the main psychological problems of freshmen are: First, obsessive-compulsive symptoms. If you don't confirm it repeatedly, you don't believe anything. Second, interpersonal barriers. For example, always pay attention to the people around you, care about the line of sight of others and so on. Third, emotional personality problems. The main symptoms are inattention, lack of endurance, lack of self-confidence, lack of decision-making ability, easy emotional destruction, emotional ups and downs, lack of enthusiasm and enthusiasm.
In the process of students' growth in our country, due to the influence of exam-oriented education, freshmen receive less mental health knowledge, but more intensive intellectual education, which shows the imbalance of physical and mental development to some extent. At the same time, psychological problems are a long-term accumulation process. In order to prevent a slight delay, it should be an important aspect of university education to do a good job in mental health education for freshmen. Mental health education can be promoted from the following aspects:
1 Combine course teaching with extracurricular activities to expand the channels of mental health education.
The course of mental health education should be included in the teaching plan and training scheme, and the credits and hours should be set reasonably. In the first semester? Mental health education for college students? A compulsory course for all staff, which enables students to master the most basic knowledge of mental health, mental health care and psychological crisis prevention. Set up a series of related elective courses next semester to improve the level of mental health knowledge. A series of related courses should include the following contents: college students' psychological counseling, common abnormal psychology and coping, college students' self-planning, college students' personality development, college students' emotional management, college students' interpersonal communication, college students' sexual psychology and love psychology, college students' pressure frustration and crisis management, and college students' life education.
According to the particularity of freshmen's psychological development, we can carry out thematic education activities in all aspects of mental health in September 9- 10/0 or March-April every year, provide targeted guidance measures for freshmen, help them change their roles smoothly, adapt to university study and life as soon as possible, and successfully realize college students? The first transition? . Mental health education month, 5.25 mental health day, psychological drama exhibition and other activities. What does this activity emphasize? Focus on implementation and effectiveness? In order to survive the high incidence of psychological crisis.
2. Psychological crisis intervention should be combined with people's all-round development, and mental health education should be carried out in stages.
Restricted by objective conditions, the mental health education in most colleges and universities at present focuses on the intervention of students' psychological crisis, but lacks the positive guidance of most ordinary students' developmental psychology. The school mental health education center can carry out mental health education for students in the form of grading.
During the qualification examination of freshmen, the school conducts a thorough investigation on the family background and physical and mental health of freshmen one by one, establishes psychological files for all kinds of students, and conducts individual psychological counseling and group psychological counseling. For students with early warning of psychological crisis, how to establish psychological crisis intervention at school level, college (department) level, class and dormitory? Four in one? Network, clear the implementation methods of psychological crisis prevention and intervention, and establish the first-level and second-level early warning student files of psychological crisis. Give full play to the role of class psychological Committee members and dormitory members and guide students to help each other psychologically.
3 Teachers' construction should be combined with professional research to enhance team skills.
To improve the overall mental health level of freshmen, we should establish an educational atmosphere in line with scientific development, establish a unified and coordinated mental health education system at multiple levels and angles, and create a beautiful atmosphere. The leading group for mental health education, headed by the head of the school in charge and attended by the heads of relevant functional departments, has formed a stable and developing mental health education team. Each hospital (department) is equipped with a psychological workstation, students' unions at all levels have set up psychological development departments, and student associations have set up relevant associations, which have laid a solid organizational foundation for promoting the development of mental health education.
At present, there are generally few full-time teachers of mental health in colleges and universities, and most schools can't meet the requirements clearly stipulated in the Basic Construction Standard of Mental Health Education for Students in Ordinary Colleges and Universities? Should the teacher-student ratio (full-time school-based, junior college students, graduate students) be 1: 3000-5000? Standard, so you can't offer all kinds of mental health courses. Psychological counselors with corresponding qualifications can be encouraged to participate in mental health education and teaching; Hire relevant experts to join the teaching team. Ensure that full-time teachers of mental health education receive professional training and professional supervision on time; Provide professional equipment and materials such as mental health education software system, audio-visual teaching materials; Equipped with necessary teaching places, such as case consultation room, decompression and relaxation room, reading area of psychology books, etc. ; While carrying out educational work, we should carry out more in-depth and professional theoretical research.
References:
[1] Hu Qixian et al. Social psychological problems of contemporary college students and their countermeasures [M]. Jiangxi People's Publishing House, 1999: 237-238.
[2] Jiang Fulian. Comparison and analysis of UPI survey results of freshmen in local universities [J]. Psychological Science, 2004,27 (2): 483-486.
[3] (America) Karen? Translated by Henny and Chen Shou, etc. Neurosis and human growth [M]. International Culture Publishing Company, 200 1: 15.
[4] Zhong Xiangyang, Zhang Liren. Psychological adaptation of freshmen and its correlation with mental health [J]. Exploration of Higher Education, 2009, (4).
About the author: Liu Xiaoli (1978-), lecturer, whose main research direction is coping with adolescent psychological problems, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, 430025.