In the history of China's philosophy, Zhou Dunyi was the first of the "four schools" in the Song Dynasty: Lian (Hunan Zhou Dunyi), Luo (Zhang Zai, Luoyang), Guan (Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Guan Zhong) and Min (Fujian Zhu).
I loved reading when I was a child, and I was quite famous in my hometown of Daozhou Yingdao. People say that he is ambitious, knowledgeable, practical and has the demeanor of the ancients. Extensive reading exposed him to many different ideas. He dabbled in Indian Buddhism from hundred schools of thought in the pre-Qin Dynasty to China in the Han Dynasty, which laid the foundation for him to study China's ancient wonderful book The Book of Changes and establish his innate world view.
At the age of fifteen, I went to Beijing with my mother and went to my uncle Zheng Xiang, who was studying in Longtuge, Song Renzong. This uncle is very kind to Zhou Dunyi and his mother.
At the age of twenty, my uncle asked the emperor to play and got him a position of supervising the country. Zhou Dunyi worked hard during his tenure and won the hearts of the people. In life, Zhou Dunyi began to study the Book of Changes, and finally wrote his important book "Tai Chi Hui Yi Shuo". It puts forward a system of the origin of the universe.
A.D. 107 1 year (four years of Song Xining). At the age of 55, he served as a direct army in Nankang. A pond was dug on the east side of Junya, and all of them were planted with lotus flowers. After each dinner, he either alone or invited friends of three or five staff members to enjoy flowers and tea in Chi Pan, and wrote a famous essay "Ailian said". Although The Story of Ailian is short, it has been told by people all the time.
In AD 1072, Zhou Dunyi resigned due to old age and infirmity, settled in a church at the northwest foot of Lushan Mountain, founded Lianxi Academy, and began to set up lecture halls to educate the people. He named the stream in front of the academy "Lianxi" and called himself "Mr. Lianxi".
In the sixth year of Xichun (AD 1 179), Zhu was transferred to Nankang Zhijun. Full of admiration for Zhou Dunyi, he rebuilt the Ailian Swimming Pool and established the Ailian Guild Hall. He got the ink of Zhou Dunyi's Ailian from Zhi Qing Zhou, Zhou's great-grandson, and asked someone to carve it on a stone and stand by and put it in the pool. Zhu Zuoshi said:
Hearing the news and moving Yujinggen, Shili bloom, is unusual; The bright moon is high and cold, and no one sees it, only for the husband to grow up.
Zhou Dunyi was the founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhou Dunyi's position was discussed in Song Dynasty and An Dynasty: after Confucius and Mencius, Han Confucianism only studied Confucian classics. Sex has been whispered for a long time. With the rise of Yuan Gong and the inheritance of the second generation, great scholars emerged in Hengqu, and sages were knowledgeable.
Yuan Gong here is Zhou Dunyi, and posthumous title is Yuan Gong. This passage clearly affirmed Zhou Dunyi's position as the founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song Dynasty. He often travels with monks and Taoists, playing the piano and reciting poems.
His knowledge and tolerance also moved many people to follow him. Of course, the most famous ones are Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao.
Cheng Yi later recalled that when he was young, he was tired of the official career of the imperial examination because he listened to Zhou Dunyi's sermon. Determined to learn and explore the Confucian Saint Wang Zhidao.
After Zhou Dunyi's death, with the inheritance and development of Cheng Yi and Cheng Lin's philosophy, his reputation became bigger and bigger. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi's ancestral halls began to be established in many places, and people even held him in the same position as Confucius and Mencius, thinking that his achievements were covered between Confucius and Mencius. Therefore, the emperors respected him as an ethics teacher.
And Zhou Dunyi did achieve the demeanor of a generation of scholars with practical actions before his death. His personality and thoughts have been admired by people for thousands of years.
Zhou dunyi
The work of Zhou Dunyi, a scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, is an essay. In the eighth year of Renzong in the Northern Song Dynasty (1063), Zhou Dunyi, Shen Xiyan and Qian Tuo * * * traveled to Luo Yan, Yudu County, Jiangxi Province and carved stones with poems. Later, Shen Xiyan built a lotus pavilion in Lushan Mountain and asked Zhou Dunyi to write an inscription. Zhou Dunyi wrote "Ailian Shuo" as a gift, indicating that he "does not touch mud, but is not demon, straight through, and does not crawl; Aromatic and clear, graceful and pure; Can be seen from a distance but not ridiculous ... ". "Shuo" is one of the ancient styles.
Original text:
Flowers of terrestrial and aquatic plants are lovely/very rare. Tao Jin Yuanming/Ai Du Residence. Since/Li Tanglai, the world/loves peony very much. Love alone/lotus leaves the mud but not stained/rippling/but not demon, straight through, not loose, fragrant far and clear, slender and graceful, known from a distance/but not ridiculous. It is called chrysanthemum, flower/seclusion; Peony, flowers/are abundant; Lotus, flower/gentleman. Hey! The love of chrysanthemum, Tao Hou/Xiao Wen; Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for many people.
Translation:
There are many herbs and woody flowers on water and land that are worth loving. Tao Yuanming only loves chrysanthemums in Jin Dynasty. Since the Tang Dynasty, people all over the world have loved peony very much. I only like that the lotus grows from the sludge but is not polluted by the sludge, and it doesn't look seductive after being washed with clear water. Its stem is through in the middle, and its shape is straight, without branches and branches. The fragrance spreads farther and farther, the more beautiful it is. It is straight and clean, so people can see them from a distance, but they can't play with it nearby. In my opinion, chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers; There are many peonies in the flowers; Furong is a noble gentleman. Alas! The exclamation point is used here as an auxiliary word to emphasize the tone. ) The love for chrysanthemums was rarely heard after Tao Yuanming. Who else likes lotus as much as I do? There should be many people who love peony.
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