The fundamental difference between modern universities and medieval universities lies in the transformation of university functions. Medieval universities were places to impart existing knowledge, excluding research and discovery, while modern universities took scientific research as their main function, increased human knowledge and trained scientists as their main tasks, and respected "academic freedom" and "the unity of teaching and research".
The spirit of Berlin University promoted the development and prosperity of German science, and Germany became the center of world science from the beginning of19th century to the beginning of 20th century. This idea has also had a far-reaching impact on higher education in the world and laid the foundation for the formation of modern universities.
CET-4 is a national teaching examination sponsored by the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education. The main target of the examination is undergraduates or postgraduates who have completed CET-4 according to the syllabus. Standardized grades 4 and 6 were prepared at the end of 1986 and formally implemented at 1987.
The purpose of CET-4 is to promote the implementation of college English syllabus, measure college students' English ability objectively and accurately, and serve to improve the teaching quality of college English courses in China. The Ministry of Education entrusts the National College English Band 4 and Band 6 Examination Committee (named "College English Band 4 and Band 6 Examination Design Group before 1993") to design, organize, manage and implement the College English Band 4 and Band 6 Examination.