As the organizational guarantee of scientific research and teaching, the frontier interdisciplinary research institute has set up a capable administrative organization.
Nanotechnology research center
Peking University is one of the earliest units in China to carry out nanotechnology research. 1In September, 1997, the interdisciplinary research center of nano-science and technology (hereinafter referred to as the center) was first established, which integrated the research forces of nano-science and technology of chemistry college, information college, physics college and life science college. With the strong support of Peking University, after more than ten years' efforts, the center has become an important research institution in the field of nanotechnology in China.
The center consists of five research departments: nano-chemistry, nano-electronics, nano-devices and integration technology, nano-structures and low-dimensional physics, nano-materials and biotechnology, and 23 research groups. There are about 150 researchers in the center, including 20 professors, 5 associate professors, 3 engineers and about 120 postdoctoral and graduate students. At present, there are academicians of China Academy of Sciences 1 person, 4 people from distinguished professor on the Yangtze River, 8 people from the National Outstanding Youth Fund, 4 people from the New Century Outstanding Talents Fund of the Ministry of Education, 3 chief scientists from the National Nano Major Scientific Research Program, 1 person from the Innovation Research Group of Surface Nanoengineering of the Fund Committee and 2 innovation teams from the Ministry of Education.
At present, it has the Ministry of Education's Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Nanodevices 1 Key Laboratory and three public experimental platforms: Micro-Nano Processing Laboratory, Electron Microscope Laboratory and Nanochemistry Research Center. In 2003, the Center started the "Nanotechnology Postgraduate Class", which enrolled 10- 15 postgraduates engaged in interdisciplinary research on nanotechnology every year. In 2008, "Nanoscience and Technology" was approved as a key discipline in Beijing.
Main research directions:
1) Nanochemistry and Single Molecular Science;
2) Nanomaterials and mesoscopic physics;
3) Nanoelectronics and Molecular Electronics;
4) Nanodevices and integration technology.
Center for Quantitative Biology (formerly Center for Theoretical Biology)
Quantitative biology is a new discipline emerging after the rapid development of life sciences and the cross-integration of quantitative disciplines such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, information science and engineering. Since the end of last century, rapid and even revolutionary new changes have taken place in life sciences. Life science has gradually developed from qualitative, descriptive and partial research to accurate, quantitative and comprehensive research. The research focus has expanded from paying attention to molecules to finding the overall law of biological systems. The leap of life science is inseparable from quantitative science and technology, and a large number of new problems in life science provide the power and source for the development of these traditional disciplines.
With the proposal of Mr. Li Zhengdao and the strong support of Peking University, Peking University Center for Quantitative Biology (formerly Center for Theoretical Biology of Peking University, hereinafter referred to as "Center for Quantitative Biology") was formally established in September 20065438. In April 2006, the Center became the first official member of the newly established Peking University Frontier Interdisciplinary Research Institute. The purpose of the center is to make use of the multidisciplinary advantages of Peking University, concentrate the research strength of mathematics, physics, chemistry, engineering, biology, information science and other disciplines, communicate with foreign counterparts, and combine theory with experiment to carry out and promote the research of quantitative system biology.
Peking University Center for Quantitative Biology has gathered a group of like-minded outstanding scientists-not only scholars and experts in mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, engineering and information science of Peking University, but also hired and attracted a group of outstanding scientists at home and abroad to visit part-time and regularly, forming an interdisciplinary research group for biological research. The research fields involved include systems biology, synthetic biology, computational biology, bioinformatics and so on. The Center for Quantitative Biology is the first innovative research team of the Ministry of Education. In 2007, it became the first interdisciplinary innovative research group supported by the National Natural Science Foundation, and in 2008, it was supported by the construction of key disciplines in Beijing.
Since its establishment, the Center for Quantitative Biology has continuously improved its infrastructure and maintained the sustainable development of its space. The center now has a resident office, a visiting scholar's office, an academic exchange meeting room, a postgraduate studio, a computer cluster system and a quantitative biology laboratory. Existing lecturers 1 person, 2 lecturers from Changjiang distinguished professor, 3 lecturers from Changjiang, 2 professors, 4 associate professors, 3 postdoctoral fellows, 52 doctoral students, 5 master students and 24 undergraduates.
Since its establishment at the end of 20001,the Center has made a series of progress in biological network dynamics, biomolecular evolution, gene regulation, protein mechanism and drug molecular design. The Center for Theoretical Biology arranges regular academic activities once a week, and invites domestic and foreign scholars to give lectures irregularly. At the same time, the center holds international conferences or summer classes on theoretical biology and bioinformatics every summer. The seminars in 2000 and 20001were mainly to exchange the latest progress related to theoretical biology. Since 2002, we have chosen a specific topic every year and invited internationally renowned experts in related fields to hold seminars representing the forefront of international academic research to discuss scientific issues in depth. At the same time, the center will also hold academic exchange activities within the center in due course. It is helpful to strengthen the communication between people from different disciplines and provide favorable support for the intersection and integration of various disciplines.
Pay attention to cultivating students' imagination, creativity and enthusiasm for scientific research. Select students with enthusiasm and high enthusiasm for scientific research for further training: cultivate students' imagination and creativity; Central graduate students provide technical support for undergraduates in iGEM project.
Curriculum and training: ① students focus on biology and another specific subject-at least half of the courses in their respective subjects; (2) Students should master the knowledge and skill foundation needed for future research work-offering different basic courses for freshmen with different professional backgrounds; (3) Cultivating students' holistic view of biological systems-academic lectures (inviting experts in related fields to introduce how to study biological systems from their respective professional perspectives); ④ By reviewing the classic papers in the research field, we can stimulate students' critical analysis and understanding of the papers and improve their scientific research leadership-a special lecture on systems biology.
Main research directions:
Basic research of systems biology
Synthetic biology
Quantitative and Qualcomm Theory Experimental Technology
Complex disease research and drug design based on system biology
Biomedical interdisciplinary research center
The construction goal of Peking University Biomedical Interdisciplinary Research Center is to promote the organic combination of life science, medical science and engineering technology in Peking University, establish a good academic exchange and research environment, and promote new inventions, discoveries and technological innovations in the whole biomedical field from molecular scale to human organ scale by combining basic science, technical application and cutting-edge research in clinical science. The three major tasks of the biomedical interdisciplinary research center are: promoting interdisciplinary academic exchanges in biomedicine; Carry out interdisciplinary research work; Cultivate new talents with interdisciplinary background.
Training interdisciplinary talents is another important task of interdisciplinary research center. Since 200 1, the Center has assisted Peking University Graduate School to set up two interdisciplinary postgraduate classes to cultivate new interdisciplinary talents. By 2005, 89 interdisciplinary graduate students had enrolled. Under the guidance of excellent tutors in life science, chemistry, physics, mathematics, medicine (pharmacy) and other disciplines, the graduate students of "Bioinformatics Postgraduate Class" have carried out teaching and scientific research in bioinformatics/systems biology/theoretical and computational biology, forming a new discipline strength and an important discipline direction. Tutors of "Biomedical Engineering Postgraduate Class" come from Peking University Department of Science, Department of Information and Engineering, Department of Medicine and several affiliated clinical hospitals. Graduate students come from basic disciplines such as life science, physical chemistry and basic medicine, as well as many applied and engineering disciplines such as electronics, computer technology, biomedical engineering and clinical medicine. On the basis of complementary advantages and mutual cooperation of related disciplines, Peking University has formed research and personnel training in the frontier field of biomedical engineering. Many affiliated hospitals of Peking University have become superior resources that other schools do not have, and the free and open academic atmosphere also provides a very favorable platform for students, who can "change disciplines" according to their own interests and conduct long-span cooperation and exchanges between different disciplines.
Main research directions:
Plasma medicine and nanosecond pulsed electric field;
Biomedical signal and image analysis;
Cell mechanics and biological micro-nano technology.
Magnetic resonance imaging research center (former functional imaging research center)
Peking University magnetic resonance imaging research center was established on 20 10. The goal of the center is to establish a comprehensive frontier interdisciplinary magnetic resonance imaging research platform, and vigorously carry out international scientific research and application in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (key neuroscience, protein's internal function and tumor clinic, etc.). ) and high-end technological innovation (high-field spectrometer and pulse sequence, etc.). ).
With the financial support of the National 2 1 1/985 Plan and the National Development and Reform Commission, the Center purchased four magnetic * * vibration imagers for high field (3T and 9.4T) research.
Magnetic resonance imaging research center is an interdisciplinary platform around large-scale instruments, and its instruments and equipment located in the comprehensive research building will be put into use soon. The center will bring together experts in physics, mathematics, engineering, psychology, computer, life science, medicine and other fields. Different disciplines will merge and collide with each other, integrate the thinking modes of different disciplines, promote technological progress through experiments, and cultivate high-level talents in the fields of magnetic resonance imaging technology, cognitive brain functional imaging, and medical functional imaging.
Biomedical materials and tissue engineering research center
Relying on Peking University Frontier Interdisciplinary Research Institute, it was established in Peking University in March 2007, integrating the superior resources of science, technology, clinical and basic medical disciplines of Peking University. The interdisciplinary research team is composed of experts in the fields of materials science, mechanics, clinical medicine and life science, and carries out basic and applied research on biomedical materials and tissue engineering. In 2007, he was supported by the National Major Scientific Research Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology to carry out "Study on the Mechanism of Nano-materials in the Regeneration and Restoration of Tooth Tissues and Organs"; In 2008, it was supported by the 985 innovative research platform construction project of the Ministry of Education to build a research platform for biomedical materials; In 2008, the Biomedical Engineering Research Center was established in Shenzhen Research Institute of Peking University to build a Industry-University-Research development platform for the transformation of enterprise practice results; In 2009, supported by the national major scientific research plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the project of "Nano-modified cardiovascular implant materials" was carried out; Since 2009, the center has become the affiliated unit of the secretariat of the Interventional Medical Engineering Branch of China Biomedical Engineering Society. By June 5438+February, 2009, the research center had undertaken the major national science plan 16 project of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the 863 key project of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation. , accumulated research funding 10 million yuan. The laboratory construction and team building of the research center have begun to take shape, and cooperative relations have been established with many laboratories in the school; In addition to basic research and clinical application, the Center also vigorously promoted and actively participated in the joint project in Industry-University-Research, undertook the research and development of new oral implant systems entrusted by enterprises, and cooperated with many enterprises to develop biomedical materials.
Main research directions:
1, basic research direction
Study on surface modification of medical metal materials, medical nonmetal materials and biomedical materials, differentiation regulation mechanism of embryonic stem cells and cell mechanical behavior.
2. Research direction of clinical application
Oral biomedical materials and instruments, bone and cartilage tissue regeneration and repair, skin repair and wound dressing, nerve tissue repair and nerve rehabilitation, medical examination.
Environment and health research center
Environmental problems have brought serious health risks to human society. Therefore, Peking University established the Research Center for Environment and Health in June 2007. The center will give full play to the comprehensive advantages of arts, science and medicine in Peking University, strengthen interdisciplinary research in the field of environment and health, promote the cultivation of environmental health research and management personnel, and provide high-level scientific, technical and decision-making support for national environmental and health policies. As an important academic support institution for environmental health research in Peking University, it emphasizes the characteristics of close connection from basic disciplines to decision support, promotes the communication between environmental health related disciplines in Peking University, and promotes the development of environmental health science in Peking University. Since its establishment, the Research Center for Environment and Health has organized experts in the fields of environmental science, chemistry, basic medicine, public health and clinical medicine in Peking University to carry out interdisciplinary comprehensive research on environment and health.
Research areas:
Environmental monitoring and population exposure assessment;
Biomarker measurement technology;
Pollution exposure and environmental genomics research in cancer-prone areas;
Exposure and health hazards of fine particles and ultrafine (nano) particles;
Assess the health, social and economic losses caused by environmental pollution;
Health risk assessment of environmental quality standards.
Ocean research center
The goal of Peking University Ocean Research Center is to organize relevant research forces in Peking University, establish a system for training talents engaged in marine undertakings, and build a world-class multidisciplinary marine research platform. Give full play to the advantages of our multi-basic disciplines, cultivate and promote marine scientific research projects with Peking University as the main body or leading, support and promote our teachers to actively participate in major scientific research, engineering and consulting projects with international competitiveness and closely related to China's marine cause, cultivate high-level talents with multi-disciplinary background and innovative ability in marine cause, play an important role in marine research in China and even the world, and make contributions to building a maritime power.
As a multi-disciplinary and high-level academic institution, Peking University Ocean Research Center will give full play to the advantages of Peking University in discipline layout and extensive contact with other well-known universities at home and abroad, cooperate with the national marine authorities, and make full use of domestic marine research information and resources to contribute to the development of marine research in China.
Main research directions:
(1) Ocean System and Global Change
(2) Deep sea and geodynamics.
(3) Basic research, development and utilization of marine resources
(4) Maritime laws and regulations and management and international relations.
(5) Ocean Engineering and Technology
20 14 Peking University decided to establish a marine research institute.
Research Center for History and Philosophy of Science
The establishment background and target orientation of the center
Give full play to the comprehensive advantages of the history of science and philosophy of science, and build an academic platform where science and art intersect at Peking University.
Carry out research on the history of science in Peking University, establish a scientific monument in Peking University, and change the artistic image of Peking University.
Develop the history of science and philosophy of science in Peking University, and make it in the forefront of China.
The main members and research directions of the Center are Academician Xu Zhihong, Professor Ma of Plant Physiology, Science and Humanities, and Ethics of Science and Technology, Professor Rao Yi of Theoretical Physics, History and Philosophy of Physics, Professor of Neuroscience, History of Biology, History of Western Scientific Thought, Professor Zhang Daqing of Modern and Contemporary Social History of Science, Medical History and Medical Ethics of China, and Peking University-Tsinghua University Life Science Joint Center (CLS).
In order to speed up the construction of first-class universities in China, with the support of the state and in accordance with the principle of "unified leadership, top-level design, strong alliance, pragmatic development and dynamic adjustment", the Joint Center for Life Sciences was established by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Finance, with the close cooperation of Peking University and Tsinghua University. This is a major reform measure of the scientific research and education system. Its goal is to attract and gather outstanding scientists who are enthusiastic about education by reforming the relevant systems of education and scientific research, pay equal attention to excellent theoretical teaching and cutting-edge research, cultivate top-notch innovative talents, and build a first-class life science research and education center.
The Joint Center for Life Sciences encourages scientists to adhere to the scientific spirit of "seeking truth from facts and being brave in innovation" and explore the unknown frontier freely. Create an atmosphere of interdisciplinary integration, independent research and relaxed and active thinking, and encourage original innovation with breakthrough and sustainable development potential.
As a relatively independent entity spanning several departments of two universities, Life Center enjoys the autonomy of talent recruitment and assessment, scientific research and teaching, implements an international and socialized personnel employment system, and openly selects and employs researchers and scientists with world-leading academic level in this research field through a fair and just evaluation model.
The life center is based on the independent laboratory in charge of the research group, and the reform is not suitable for the development of modern education. Students with rich imagination, strong sense of independent thinking and strong willingness to engage in scientific research are selected through multidisciplinary training programs, and students are taught in accordance with their aptitude to give full play to their creativity. Strengthen the education and training of undergraduates, postgraduates and postdoctoral students, closely combine independent scientific research practice activities, and encourage and train young scientists to grow independently.
One of the keys to building a world-class university is to conduct first-class scientific research on the basis of combining science and education. The history of hundreds of years since Newton clearly shows that scientific research of free exploration is a powerful part of the nature of world-class universities. Due to historical limitations, the combination of science and education in modern China was not close enough, and there was even a period of separation, which was not conducive to the development of higher education in China. The establishment of a joint life science center between the two universities will not only help to increase the proportion of universities in national scientific research, especially in free exploration scientific research, but also strengthen the combination of science and education through universities.
The Ministry of Education gives policy support to the system and mechanism of life center, and encourages the formulation of undergraduate and postgraduate course training programs, graduation standards and academic system regulations suitable for the development of the times; The Ministry of Science and Technology provides competitive project support for the daily scientific research operation of the center; The Ministry of Finance provides basic support for personnel recruitment, scientific research construction and teaching reform of the center according to the average annual expenditure of similar research institutes with similar scale in China. The Center actively explores the establishment of institutional mechanisms to adapt to the development of science and education and meet the needs of modern society, conducts high-level research, promotes the interactive development of scientific research and teaching, and makes generalizable explorations and efforts in institutional mechanisms, scientific research achievements and innovative talents.