Seventh grade geography teaching design population and race
[Teaching objectives]
Knowledge goal:
(1) Understand the characteristics of world population growth and distribution and the characteristics and distribution of the three major races in the world.
(2) Understand the social, environmental and economic impacts of the world population problem.
Ability goal:
(1) Tell the world population distribution and the world race distribution with maps and materials.
(2) Learn to draw a column chart of population growth according to relevant demographic data.
(3) Cultivate students' ability to analyze problems and think geographically.
Emotions, attitudes and values:
(1) By analyzing the pressure brought by a large population, let students realize that population growth must adapt to economic growth, coordinate with resources and environment, and establish a correct view of man and land.
(2) Through the understanding of the characteristics of the three major races in the world, let students establish a correct concept of racial equality.
[Teaching Focus]
(1) Population growth and distribution characteristics.
(2) Population growth is compatible with social and economic development and coordinated with environmental resources.
(3) The characteristics and distribution areas of the three major races in the world.
[Teaching difficulties]
(1) The concepts of natural population growth rate and population density.
(2) Regional differences in population growth.
(3) Population problems and countermeasures.
(4) Regional distribution of the three major races.
[Teaching method]
The main teaching methods are looking at pictures, analyzing, reasoning, comparing, discussing, talking and performing sketches.
[Teaching preparation]
Before class, divide the class into several groups, and let the students go online in groups to collect information about population issues.
[Teaching aid preparation]
Projector, courseware
[Curriculum] 2 class hours
[Teaching process]
first kind
Introduce a new course
The earth is the home of mankind. People call it the earth? Global village? And call yourself? Residents of the global village? . In the second half of last century, the population of the global village grew so fast that people exclaimed? Population explosion? . It can be seen that the population problem has become a global problem that attracts worldwide attention. Therefore, understanding the number, growth, distribution and race of the world population and establishing a correct view of population are the domain knowledge that every middle school student must understand. Now let's learn the first section population and race.
Section 1 Population and Race
Teach a new lesson
[Teacher's Question] Students, do you know how many people there are on the earth now? How does the total population of the earth change?
[Activity 1] Let the students discuss according to their usual understanding in combination with the activity 1 on page 65 of the textbook. And show slides (information: the 5 billionth and 6 billionth inhabitants of the earth)
The students all speak very well. Next, let's discuss how the world population is growing.
I. World population growth
[Activity 2] Look at the picture and analyze the problem. Projection display? World population growth curve? What information do you know from the change of graphics? Teachers can remind students that the greater the inclination of the curve, the faster the population growth, and then guide students to observe the inclination of the curve and analyze the characteristics of population growth rate in different periods. (Cultivate students' comprehensive analysis ability by looking at pictures)
[Students] Discuss in groups and answer freely.
[Teacher-student summary] From? World population growth curve? In the picture, we can see that before18th century, the world population grew very slowly; /kloc-After the 0/8th century, especially after the 20th century, the world population growth rate has greatly accelerated.
[Question] Why did the world population increase very slowly before the18th century, but since the middle of the 20th century, the world population growth rate has greatly accelerated?
[Students] Discuss and answer in groups.
【 Conclusion 】 Since 1830, due to the progress of modern medical and health technology, the improvement of people's living standards, the reduction of infant mortality rate and the extension of people's life span, the world population has grown faster and faster.
[Question conversion] So what is the standard to measure the population growth rate of a country or region?
[Activity 3] Please read the textbook P64? Schematic diagram of birth rate, death rate and natural growth rate? Think about the following questions (1) What is the natural population growth rate? Which two factors are related to it, and list the calculation formula? (2) When the natural population growth rate >; What do you mean by 0,<0 or =0?
[Students] Discuss in groups and choose representatives from each group to answer.
[Teacher-student summary] The natural population growth rate refers to the ratio of the number of births minus the number of deaths to the total population in the same period, which reflects the population growth under the balance of birth and death. Natural population growth rate = birth rate-death rate. When the natural population growth rate >; 0 means that the population has increased, and the larger the number, the more it has increased, that is, the population has increased rapidly; When the natural population growth rate =0, it means that the population will neither increase nor decrease, that is, the population will stop growing; When the natural population growth rate
[Crossing] Next, we will use the knowledge learned above to solve the following problems. Apply what you have learned and let students really master what they have learned. )
[Exercise 1] After grouping, please complete activity 2 on page P65 of the textbook to calculate the birth rate, death rate and natural growth rate of 1998 in four countries.
country
birth rate
fatality rate；death rate
natural growth rate
Nigeria
high
high
high
Brazil
Britain, England
Germany
(1) Compare the natural growth rates of the four countries in the table in descending order.
What is the difference between the natural population growth rate in Germany and the other three countries? What does this mean?
[Students] Students discuss and answer.
[Exercise 2] Different countries or regions in the world have different population growth rates. From all continents, Africa has the largest natural population growth rate. Let's complete the bar chart of population growth in Africa according to African demographic data. Please draw on the blackboard.
[Teacher's Projection Demonstration] After the students draw the histogram, the teacher demonstrates the drawing process to the students with the projection diagram, so that the students can really master it.
Through the above series of activities, we can see that the world population is growing, and the growth rate is accelerating. However, due to different national conditions and different population growth rates, the world population distribution is extremely uneven.
Second, the distribution of the world population.
The population density is different in different countries or regions, and we usually measure it by the index of population density. So what is population density?
[Activity 4] Please complete the activity question 1 on page P67 of the textbook and think about how the population density is calculated.
[Summary of teachers and students] Population density generally refers to the average number of people living per square kilometer, reflecting the population distribution of a country or region. Population density = total population of the region/total area of the region.
[Activity 5] What's next? World population distribution map? Find out the densely populated areas and sparse areas in the world? So what are the main reasons that affect the world population distribution? (projection display? World population distribution map? )
[Students] Guide and organize students to discuss and answer in groups.
[Teacher-student summary]
World densely populated areas: (1) East and South Asia have good natural conditions and early agricultural development.
(2) Europe and eastern North America have developed their industries earlier and developed their economies.
The sparsely populated areas in the world: (1) Rainforest areas with excessively humid climate; (2) Extremely arid desert areas.
(3) High latitude areas with severe cold all the year round; (4) Plateau and mountainous areas with high terrain.
The uneven distribution of world population is mainly caused by the comprehensive influence of natural conditions, economy, society and history, among which economic conditions have the closest influence. Areas with superior natural conditions, long history and developed economy are densely populated. The dry, wet, cold and high areas with harsh natural conditions are not suitable for people's production and life, and the population is sparse.
[Activity 6] From the natural conditions such as topography and climate and the level of economic development, choose the place where you are willing to work and live, state the reasons for your choice, and discuss and communicate in the group.
In the second lesson,
Third, the population problem.
[Teacher's question] Some people say that human beings have entered? Population explosion? In the new era, the world population is increasing by nearly 80 million every year. Would you please calculate the number of people increasing every hour and second every day according to 365.25 days a year? How many people have been added to the world in a 45-minute class? Guide the students to say what they think of this set of data? Attract students' attention, stimulate their interest in learning and stimulate their thirst for knowledge.
[Activity 1] Organize students to have a calculation contest to see who can calculate quickly and accurately. Timetable:
Every year
every day
per hour
per minute
Every second
80 million people
2 19028 people
9 126 people
152 people
2.5 people
[Conclusion] The world population is growing rapidly.
[Crossing] So what will happen if the population grows too fast?
[Small Products] (Activities) Write a short essay in groups to reflect a series of problems brought about by rapid population growth.
Inspiration: Teachers can supplement pictures and materials about the problems caused by rapid population growth according to students' understanding level, and inspire students to discuss the world food problem, natural resources and energy consumption, environmental pollution, social security and other issues.
[Student's performance, teacher's evaluation] [Group discussion, communication]: Members of each group discuss and exchange the information collected before class about the problems brought about by the rapid population growth, so as to expand their understanding. Students' group discussion can realize resource sharing on the one hand, and cultivate students' spirit of unity, cooperation and competition on the other. )
[Teachers and students discuss and summarize together]
[Question] The rapid and rapid population growth has brought about the above-mentioned series of problems, so is the population growth as slow as possible? Please tell me the right and wrong reasons.
Students express their opinions and express their opinions boldly.
[Summary of discussion between teachers and students] It is not good for the population to grow too slowly or stop growing or decrease continuously, and it will also bring many problems. For example, the population is aging, the labor force is short, and the national defense force is insufficient.
[Transitional problem] Too fast or too slow population growth is not conducive to a country's economic development. Please do something to see how to solve the population problem reasonably. Guide students to analyze problems and seek solutions to them, so that students can establish a correct view of population. Teachers give objective evaluation and encouragement to students' answers, maintain students' innovative consciousness and cultivate students' creative ability)
[Discussion] (Guide students to read the reading materials on page P69 of the textbook) Students can speak freely, and teachers can comment, guide and supplement, so that students can clearly understand the measures and goals to solve the population problem.
[Extension] (Cultivate students' innovative consciousness and innovative thinking) 1. If you are a propaganda ambassador, what are you going to do now in a country with a rapidly growing population? Please design some slogans for them so that people can correctly understand the impact of the population problem. (Students divergent thinking, express their opinions and make bold innovations) 2. Give full play to your imagination and show your creativity: through the study of this class, combined with what you have seen and heard, express your understanding of the world population problem in the way you are best at (poetry, painting, songs, etc.). ). Show the results of students' exercises in class. (deepen understanding and broaden horizons)
[Teacher-student summary] The correct view of population should be: human beings must control themselves, realize family planning, make population growth adapt to social and economic development, and coordinate with environmental resources. In addition, we should also vigorously improve the quality of the population so that people can get a good education and grow up healthily to meet the needs of modern society.
[Transit] While the world's population is growing, many countries in the world have seen the phenomenon of large-scale migration of rural population to cities. So why are cities so attractive to the rural population?
[Activity 2] Divide the class into two groups for debate. What's the topic? Rural population migrating to cities? . In favor: the migration of rural population to cities is not conducive to urban development. In favor: the migration of rural population to cities is beneficial to urban development.
[Student Debate] (omitted)
[Summary of teachers and students] The migration of rural population to cities, on the one hand, has brought a lot of labor to cities, on the other hand, it has also promoted the commercial activities of cities, which has played a very good role in promoting the construction and development of cities. However, the influx of rural population into cities will also bring some pressure to urban traffic, environmental sanitation and social security.
[Transit] China is currently the most populous country in the world, and the eastern coast is one of the densely populated areas in the world. With the reform and opening up, more and more foreigners come to China for tourism, business, investment, study abroad and settlement. They came to China with the same wish, but their skin, hair and facial features were different. Next, let's look at the main species in the world.
Fourth, different races.
[Activity 3] Projection shows pictures of scenery and life scenes in black, yellow and white residential areas. Discuss and exchange ideas about the three major races in the world in groups. In a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere, students can easily express their life experiences, master new knowledge in conversation and cultivate their expressive ability; Cultivate students' comprehensive analysis ability by looking at pictures)
[Students speak freely] (omitted)
[Activity 4] Projection shows pictures of the three major races in the world. World ethnic distribution map? Complete the table below to understand the physical characteristics and distribution of the three major races in the world.
complexion
Graph method
cotton
hair (on the human body)
Main distribution area
the white race
fleet
wave form
High nose and thin lips.
many
Europe, North America,
Oceania, West Asia
Asian
yellow
brown
Heizhi
flat
middle rank
Dongya
Melanocortical cortex
black
curl
Thick lips
Very few
Africa, Oceania,
United States of America
[Teacher-student summary] All races in the world are equal, and there is no distinction between good and bad. Some people with racial prejudice describe a certain race as? Advanced? Or? Excellent? Yes, right? Lower race? People who discriminate and oppress should be opposed and condemned.
[Class Summary] Teachers guide students to summarize the four issues discussed in this section: the impact of rapid population growth on the environment, society and economy; Measures and strategies to solve the problem of excessive population growth, and establish a correct population view; The impact of the influx of rural population into cities on urban development; Physical characteristics and main distribution areas of the three major races in the world.
blackboard-writing design
Section 1 Population and Race
I. World population growth
1, total population: 1.999 billion.
2. Change characteristics: slow? Accelerate? Faster? slow
3. Natural population growth rate = birth rate-death rate
4. The population growth rate is different around the world.
Second, the distribution of the world population.
1, what is the population density?
2. World population distribution
Dense area
Sparse region
3. Causes affecting population distribution
Third, the population problem.
1, population problem
2. Problems caused by population problems
3. A correct view of population
4. Population policy
Fourth, different races.
1, three competitions
2. Distribution of different races
There are different kinds of human beings, but there is no difference between good and bad.
Ability improvement and feedback training
1. The following problems that are not caused by excessive population growth are ()
A. Housing shortage and traffic jam B. Employment difficulties and food shortage
C. air pollution, soil desertification D. low crop yield
2. The slow population growth, or stop growth, or negative growth is ()
A. The population is aging. B. the national defense force is sufficient.
C. Surplus labor resources D. Reducing the pressure on the environment
3. A large number of rural population to the city flow problem is ()
(1) housing shortage, traffic congestion, soil erosion, garbage and noise pollution, environmental pollution, employment, school and medical shortage, heavy burden of water supply and power supply, sandstorm weather increased.
A.①②③ B.②③④
C.③④⑤⑥ D.①③④⑤
4. The wrong reason for the migration of rural population to cities is ()
A. With the improvement of economic level, surplus labor force appears in rural areas.
B. The population is growing too fast to live in the countryside.
C. there are more and better development opportunities in the city.
D. the education, medical care and living conditions in the city are good.
5. The following statement about population problem is correct ()
A. Rapid population growth is a common problem faced by all countries in the world.
B. the phenomenon of rural population flowing into cities is concentrated in developed countries.
C. all countries in the world should control population growth.
D, population growth must adapt to social and economic development, and coordinate with the environment and resources.
6. The following are different people's views on solving traffic congestion in big cities. what do you think?
The correct statement is ()
A. Build circular roads in the city center, repair parking lots, encourage private car purchases, and reduce
The pressure of the bus.
B trucks are forbidden to drive into downtown areas during the day, and cars in downtown areas are subject to even and odd numbers.
Daily driving system
C. encourage citizens to use public transport such as buses.
D. connecting the living area with the industrial area will reduce the mobility of residents.
extracurricular activities
Social survey: According to the knowledge learned, investigate the population changes in Nanchang.
Time 1950 or so 1970 or so 1900 or so.
Population:
Reason:
Practice summary of mixed geography teaching in junior middle school;
With the promotion of modern information technology, network technology and multimedia technology have increasingly entered the teaching field, which has promoted the new teaching reform. As a new thing, online learning platform is developing vigorously. E-learning platform can effectively improve students' information literacy, innovation ability and basic learning ability, and change the traditional teaching mode. However, classroom E-learning can't be pure, so the mixed teaching mode combining E-learning platform with traditional classroom has attracted wide attention of educators. In this paper, the E-department is used as a platform to carry out mixed teaching in junior high school geography teaching, and good teaching results have been achieved, which can be used for reference by relevant personnel.
Key words:
E-learning platform; Junior high school geography; Mixed teaching
In the process of scientific and technological development, people have more ways to communicate and obtain information, which also has a certain impact on modern education. The so-called e-learning refers to E-Learning, that is, online learning, e-learning and digital learning. Simply applying e-learning platform to teaching will ignore the basic communication between people, so the mixed teaching mode combining traditional classroom teaching with e-learning platform is considered to be a more scientific and practical teaching mode.
1. mixed teaching mode
The emergence of online learning platform has brought great impact to the traditional teaching mode. E-learning is also translated into e-learning, e-learning and digital learning. Different translation methods also show different views on e-learning. These three viewpoints all emphasize the combination of network resources and digital content, and guide education through digital technology, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid learning and network communication, and gradually develop into paperless teaching and virtual teaching. However, the simple application of e-learning platform in teaching will also bring many problems, the most prominent of which is that the online communication mode in e-learning platform ignores the fastest and most basic communication mode, which reduces the positive language communication between teachers and students, thus gradually widening the psychological distance between teachers and students and students. Moreover, the platform of e-learning is not suitable for the teaching of some operation methods and skills, so some educators put forward the concept of mixed teaching mode [1]. That is, network learning and classroom learning, modern media and traditional media, students' dominant position and teachers' leading role are mixed.
2. The mixed teaching strategy of junior middle school geography based on online learning platform.
2. 1 Combine online learning with classroom learning.
Therefore, in the teaching impermanence method, teachers should choose the appropriate teaching organization form according to the specific teaching content and learning situation in junior high school geography teaching. In traditional classroom teaching, teachers mainly attract students' attention through personal expressions, teaching language, body language and blackboard writing, so as to realize benign interaction and communication between teachers and students. Online teaching based on e-learning platform can break through the limitation of time and space, and reflect good human-computer interaction. Therefore, junior high school geography teachers should combine these two teaching modes according to the specific teaching content. For example, the relationship between precipitation and human beings should be discussed in the teaching of the chapter "Change and distribution of precipitation" in junior high school geography. Teachers can make full use of the group discussion function of e-learning platform to design a? I want to tell you? In the teaching process, teachers first release some data and pictures of extreme precipitation to students on the E platform through the group discussion function to stimulate students' psychological fluctuations, and then let students choose an extreme precipitation weather to send their care and blessings to those affected by extreme weather. This teaching link not only enables students to have a certain understanding of extreme precipitation weather, but also cultivates students' humanistic feelings and guides students to pay attention to the details of life, which has played a good teaching effect.
2.2 Mix modern media and traditional media.
In junior high school geography teaching, we should use both traditional media and modern media, and the mixed use of the two can play a better teaching effect. For example, through the combination of information technology and blackboard writing, a digital teaching environment of information resources can be created. In the teaching process, the active application of multimedia, EDA technology, multimedia CAI courseware and other modern media is emphasized. The application of these modern media in junior high school geography classroom teaching is conducive to stimulating students' interest in learning, creating a real and vivid teaching environment and improving students' learning effect. For example, teachers can use multimedia courseware to show various weather phenomena, show the natural environment and human environment in various regions of the world, and mobilize students' senses through vivid and interesting pictures, videos and music. However, teachers should take into account that if only modern media are used, students may feel tired because of long-term concentration, or be disturbed by too much invalid information, thus affecting students' learning effect. Therefore, the traditional blackboard writing can not be ignored. After students watch the multimedia courseware, teachers can guide students to summarize some knowledge points in the multimedia courseware and make it into a concise blackboard writing [2].
2.3 Students' dominant position in learning and teachers' leading role in teaching are mixed.
Learning-centered and teaching-centered are two different teaching concepts. The traditional teaching mode in China is teacher-centered, paying more attention to teachers' teaching, and ignoring students' autonomous learning to some extent. Under the influence of western constructivist learning theory, a student-centered teaching theory has emerged, but it has brought about the problem that students are too careless and casual in their studies. The mixed teaching mode should combine these two teaching viewpoints, and at the same time, it can't ignore the leading role of teachers in teaching, so that teaching can reach a harmonious state. In blended teaching, teachers can effectively control the teaching process, guide students to learn independently, organize classroom teaching reasonably, and maintain the efficiency and order of learning. Students can discuss and explore independently based on the problems designed by teachers, and give full play to their subjective initiative [3].
3. Conclusion
The mixed teaching mode is a brand-new teaching mode. Based on e-learning platform, the application of mixed teaching mode in junior high school geography teaching can achieve good teaching effect, improve students' enthusiasm for participating in the classroom and let all students participate in the classroom teaching. Students can also speak freely through the display function of e-platform, which further promotes the communication between teachers and students and improves the efficiency and quality of geography teaching in junior high school.
Author: Li Yan Unit: Changzhou Xinzha Middle School
[References]
[1] Menmen, Wang Zuyuan, He Bo. What are the feasibility and key points of localization of large-scale open online courses? Mixed teaching practice of college physics course based on large-scale open network course platform [J]. Modern educational technology. 20 15(0 1).
[2] Qin Xue. The application of blended learning model in junior high school biology teaching [J]. Examination and evaluation.2014 (12).
[3] Thailand marched. The application of blended learning concept in physics teaching in vocational schools [J]. Navigation of Arts and Sciences (interim) .2011(06).