1. 1 primary education
Primary education lasts for 7 to 8 years, that is, preparatory classes are school education before primary school 1 grade, also known as kindergarten or transitional learning stage, which is usually regarded as a part of primary education. Primary school curriculum focuses on developing students' English and reading ability, number and mathematics ability and their cognition of society, and teaching students health knowledge and cultivating innovative ability. At the same time, the exercise of sports and social skills is also covered.
1.2 junior high school education
Junior high school education lasts for 3 to 4 years, that is, grades 7 and 8 to 10. The first year or two of junior high school is a general education for all students. In the following years, students' study consists of core courses and their own elective courses. Core courses usually include English, mathematics, science, society and environment, second foreign languages other than English, science and technology and application, innovative arts, personal development, health and physical education. Some courses are easy to difficult, and there are different levels to choose from.
1.3 high school education
Senior high school education covers two grades: 1 1 and 12. Senior high school education includes a variety of courses, laying a good foundation for students' future study, employment and adulthood. The graduation diploma of 12 grade is called the senior high school education certificate of 12 grade, which is recognized in the Australian National Academic Framework (AQF). This certificate is not only an affirmation of students' successful completion of high school education, but also a voucher for students to enter higher education or vocational education and training institutions. The high school curriculum, which aims to help students get the qualification to enter the university, is very professional. After graduating from high school, students can directly enter the professional courses of the university without having to start learning from the basic knowledge. The depth and breadth of 12 level courses have been greatly enhanced.
Every state in Australia has its own high school diploma, but this does not affect students' freedom to apply for any university in Australia, because all graduates' high school scores will eventually be converted into the national unified Australian College Admission Rankings (ATAR), which universities and higher education institutions will use as the basis for enrolling new students. In addition, many Australian secondary schools also offer other high school certificate courses, such as the International Baccalaureate Diploma (IB).
1.4 public schools and non-public schools
Compared with the situation that most primary and secondary schools in China are public schools, in Australia, primary and secondary schools are mainly divided into? Public? And then what? Not public? Two types (? Not public? Sometimes called. Private? )。 These two types of schools have always been neck and neck, and they both receive government funding. They must be registered with the government education departments in their respective States or regions, and meet government regulations in terms of infrastructure and teacher registration system. Public schools are owned and managed by the government, and most primary and secondary schools are co-educational. Many non-public schools are religious schools or schools that follow certain beliefs. There are also some non-public schools that follow specific teaching concepts or teaching methods. Most non-public schools have separate schools for boys and girls, and many are boarding schools. International students are free to choose to attend public or non-public schools. What kind of school to choose is the key for students to know themselves and their needs. Every student can find a suitable school in Australia, whether public or non-public, whether in big cities or suburbs. Students are either extroverted, independent or shy. Australian schools can help introverted students become independent and confident in a caring environment. There are boarding schools in Australia, which provide 24-hour service for students from primary school. Some schools arrange or approve other institutions to arrange students to live at home in Australia. There are many courses in Australian schools that specialize in cultivating students' specialties, including mathematics, science, vision or performing arts courses; The school is also equipped with a sports coach to teach you various sports, including swimming, tennis, golf and football. Students also have the opportunity to participate in various competitions. Some schools offer vocational education courses, such as hotel management, IT, agriculture or equestrian. Therefore, when students and parents choose which school to attend, they must do their homework and make full use of all the learning opportunities provided by Australian schools.
2 school year and language of instruction
Most primary and secondary schools start at the end of 1 or early February, and end in the middle of1February for about 40 weeks. Except Tasmania, the school year of primary and secondary schools is divided into three semesters, and other states are divided into four semesters. There is a short holiday between semesters, and a long summer vacation from 1 February to1month. Australian primary and secondary school students attend classes every Monday to Friday. Class hours vary slightly across the country, but they are usually from 9 am to 3: 30 pm. Nationwide, the average number of students in each class is about 22. The teacher-student ratio is slightly lower than 1: 14. English is the official language and the main teaching language in Australia. Some schools offer bilingual or other foreign language courses.
3 Curriculum and extracurricular activities
In order to maintain a consistently high level of teaching, the curriculum of primary and secondary schools in Australia must meet the requirements of the state and state governments. The curriculum of primary and secondary schools includes eight important subjects: English, mathematics, society and environment, science, art, a second foreign language other than English, technology, personal development, health and physical education. In addition, about 90% of Australian secondary schools offer secondary education and vocational education courses. In addition to Australian high school courses, many secondary schools also offer International Bachelor's Degree Diploma (IB) courses. This two-year course is for senior high school students from 16 to 19. Some Australian students also choose this course as a way to go to college. This diploma can not only be used to apply for all Australian universities, but also be widely recognized internationally.
Extracurricular activities are an indispensable part of primary and secondary education in Australia, aiming at stimulating students' interest in sports, music, art, drama and other fields. For international students, extracurricular activities can not only further improve their English level, but also provide a good opportunity to enhance mutual understanding and deepen friendship among students. Whether to actively participate in extracurricular activities is also one of the concerns of universities and future employers when considering applicants. Being an all-round person is an idea advocated by primary and secondary education in Australia. In addition, regardless of public or non-public schools, another feature of Australian secondary schools is to help students develop social survival skills and prepare for future employment. The school will provide students with opportunities to participate in social practice activities, generally arranged in 10 grade. Usually, according to the major or occupation that students plan to study in the future, they contact the matching colleges for internship. Many schools also help students to participate in community service or volunteer activities. The flexible and diverse social practice organized by the school will enrich students' experience and broaden their horizons.
4 teaching mode and evaluation method
Australian schools adopt many different teaching models to cultivate students' abilities in all aspects, including teacher-guided learning, students' autonomous learning, group projects and demonstrations, visual display, lectures, electronic teaching and interactive teaching. At the same time, the school uses a variety of evaluation methods to evaluate students' academic performance, including personal research projects, group assignments, lectures and multimedia demonstrations, as well as more traditional classroom tests and assignments. In addition, unified national and state academic examinations also ensure that students reach and maintain a high academic level.
Although the teaching of primary and secondary schools is supervised by the states and regions, the grading standards for students' studies are basically universal in China:
A (excellent): above 85 points.
B (good): 70-84
C (average): 50-69 years old
D (unqualified): 25-49 years old
E (failure): 0-24
Five teachers
Primary and secondary school teachers in Australia have received higher education and special training, not only have knowledge of education, but also have been trained in teaching practice and teaching methods. High school teachers need to have certain qualifications in specific subjects. In addition, the school is also equipped with professional tutors to provide students with guidance on life skills such as reading skills, subject and career choice. In Australia, teachers are the guides of students, and students are the main body of learning. The role of teachers is not to instill knowledge, but to cultivate students' independent thinking, critical thinking, cooperation with others and problem-solving skills, thus helping them achieve their learning goals.