Modern vocational education mode facing the workplace is the only way for secondary vocational schools, higher vocational schools and applied undergraduate courses. What is its essence and connotation? Are there any successful examples at home and abroad?
What is the essence of modern vocational education? Facing the needs of the workplace? Professional education is to meet the needs of three key stakeholders, namely, the needs of students' job hunting and career development, the needs of industries for professional talents, and the needs of the state for human resources construction for social and economic development. These three needs all point to the needs of the workplace.
Among all kinds of vocational education in the world, medical vocational education is the best. Regardless of secondary vocational education, undergraduate and postgraduate education, the training objectives and positioning of talents at different levels are very clear and specific; The quality, ability, knowledge and skills required by talents are determined by the needs of the workplace; Professional education has the necessary discipline support, but it must be dominated by the positions and occupations of medical professionals. In the process of teaching and training, except for basic courses, students complete almost all professional courses in various departments of the practice hospital. In the internship hospital, students are faced with the work of saving lives with real swords and spears, which is a completely real workplace environment. The teachers of specialized courses are doctors in hospitals.
It takes a long time for students to edify, practice and study in such a workplace environment and grow into professionals after graduation? Resident? Only through training can you practice medicine independently. This undoubtedly sets an example and demonstration for all other professional education. Eight years ago, the Carnegie Foundation of the United States conducted an in-depth and comprehensive investigation on the training of engineers, lawyers, doctors, practical nurse and priests in the United States, and found out the gap between professional education and workplace needs. A survey report published later compared medical education with engineering education. The final conclusion is that engineering education should be integrated with medical education and research, and comprehensive and thorough reform should be carried out. Return to the project? Workplace to train qualified engineers in the future. From this perspective, medical professional education is a successful and typical modern vocational education.
The internationally famous cooperative education model has been developed all over the world 100 years. This is a typical professional education in the workplace, which is implemented in 1500 universities in more than 40 countries. What is cooperative education? Work-study alternation? Our educational model is very similar to that of China 1950 ~ 1960? Work-study program? Education. Since the establishment of 1957, the University of Waterloo in Canada has taken cooperative education as the basic mode of undergraduate professional education. Now it has persisted for 57 years and has become a banner of industry-university cooperation education in the world. The school 1000 undergraduates switch between schools and industries every four months from the freshman year, alternately studying or working with pay; The school cooperates with 3500 enterprises around the world; Before graduation, students have had six 4-month working experiences in enterprises, starting from the most basic clerks in enterprises and working as engineers all the time. Therefore, it seamlessly meets the needs of professional education and industry, and the employment rate and quality are high, which has won the support of Microsoft and its chairman Bill? Gates spoke highly of this. The University of Waterloo is an internationally renowned research university, which was once ranked as the top 100 university in the world by a certain ranking. ? Cooperative education? It is a successful model of undergraduate professional education in the workplace, and also a successful model of modern vocational education.
/kloc-in the past 0/0 years, with the support of national policies and resources, China has established 37 model software engineering colleges (hereinafter referred to as? Demonstration software? ) and 109 model higher vocational colleges (hereinafter referred to as? Demonstration higher vocational education? ) Demonstration of professional education reform. ? Demonstration software? It is a demonstration project in undergraduate and postgraduate stages with software engineering as an example. All model colleges are built in research universities headed by Tsinghua and Peking University, and the training goal is to train international compound software engineers facing the needs of the software industry. ? Demonstration higher vocational education? It is a demonstration project at the specialist level, including all majors, and its training goal is to train technicians facing the needs of the workplace and secondary professionals from all walks of life. The training objectives of these two different levels of professional education are different talents at different levels in the workplace, and their job responsibilities, required abilities, qualities, knowledge and skills are also different. The corresponding professional education is different in terms of students, training objectives, teaching syllabus, teaching content/methods, teaching process, teachers and teaching resources, but they also have something in common: the demand for future talents in the workplace; Teaching and learning by integrating theory with practice; Cooperation between industry and university in running schools; The unity of professionalism and professionalism; Unity of quality education and professional education; Market and stakeholder evaluation system. Graduates can seamlessly connect with the workplace, and the employment rate/quality is high, meeting the needs of talents in the industry. Their success can be reflected in all levels from secondary vocational schools to doctoral education, as well as all majors such as science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, business law, teaching and management. These two demonstration projects are also typical of modern vocational education.
Successful examples of vocational education facing the workplace at home and abroad all show that the mode of job hunting, workplace demand orientation, cooperation between industry and learning, and work-study alternation does not mean that it is only suitable for the cultivation of low-end skilled talents, and it will not lead to poor education quality. Starting from the vocational education of cultivating middle and low-level professionals, this model proves its vitality, but it is also the only way to cultivate high-end talents needed in the workplace.
The essence of modern vocational education is professional education for the workplace. So, does the name of the school have a prefix? Occupation? This word is not important. Not crowned? Occupation? The word professional education, no matter how high the trained talents are at the workplace level, should also be? Facing the needs of the workplace? We should also adopt the generally successful mode of modern vocational education, which is also an integral part of modern vocational education. We should weaken? Vocational education? Emphasize the name? Facing the workplace? The essence of all vocational education? Grounding gas? , back to the origin? Facing the needs of the workplace.
;