Briefly describe the basic principles of Piaget's children's education
Piaget believes that the principle of preschool children's education is: (1) education should conform to the stage and level of children's psychological development and avoid the tendency of children's education to become adults. Piaget believes that four basic factors restricting children's psychological development should be analyzed and considered in children's education: ① The influence of biological maturity, which plays an indispensable role in children's psychological development, cannot explain the whole development process, so it is only one of the factors restricting children's psychological development. (2) The influence of practice and acquired experience refers to the role of practice and acquired experience in the process of individual exerting effect on the object. There are two kinds of experience here: one is physical experience and the other is mathematical logic experience. ③ The influence of social communication. (4) the influence of balance. Balance refers to both the process of assimilation or adaptation to achieve balance and the result of assimilation or adaptation to achieve balance. Among the factors of children's psychological development, balance is the most important one. Only through balance can children's psychology develop. It is with the help of balance that children rebuild their cognitive structure and overcome the tendency of "self-centeredness" in the first stage. (2) Develop children's initiative. Piaget attaches great importance to the role of the subject in education. He believes that children's education must be an active process, and educators must pay attention to developing children's initiative. Piaget believes that children are an "independent variable". In his view, children's psychological development is a positive and continuous construction activity. Children constantly construct the basic concepts and thinking forms of their intelligence through their own activities. The knowledge acquired by children is the result of the continuous interaction between children's subject and external objects. Because only what a child discovers by himself can he assimilate or adapt actively. Piaget's "initiative" has two meanings: one is that children directly act on his environment, and the other is that children are active in psychological development. Children cultivate their interests and develop their talents through their own initiative. The role of education is to find the most suitable environment and methods to help children organize their own cognitive development. (3) Emphasize children's practical activities. Piaget believes that cognition comes from action, which plays an important role in children's psychological development, so educators should let children learn through real life and concrete things. (4) Pay attention to children's social interaction. Piaget emphasized the importance of social communication in children's psychological development. He believes that communication with others and children is conducive to the development of children's language and thinking, as well as emotional and moral development. This kind of social communication mainly refers to social cooperation, especially cooperation between children. It is a part of promoting children's personality development and an important source of children's cognitive development.