1, create a life situation. Let students feel that there is mathematics everywhere in life from familiar scenes, and mathematics is around. In teaching, we can often choose practical problems such as commodity discount, bank interest and environmental protection. These novel application problems can link mathematics knowledge with real life and stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning mathematics.
2. Create a situation of human culture. For a long time, mathematics teaching has paid more attention to thinking training in calculation and practice, forming a model that attaches importance to science education and ignores humanities education. Students are often in a passive state in mathematics learning. Some students are afraid of and even hate mathematics. Some people think that mathematics learning is meaningless and excludes mathematics learning.
3. Create interesting situations. Einstein once said, "Faith and interest are the best teachers". Interest in learning is a powerful internal motivation to drive students to learn. The creation of interesting situations will make students feel wonderful and attractive, and thus actively and happily engage in learning activities.
Second, pay attention to stimulate and cultivate students' confidence in autonomous learning
Self-esteem, self-confidence and self-improvement are the driving forces of independent learning and self-education. Self-education needs an important and powerful promoting factor, that is, a person's sense of dignity and respect for himself can be self-motivated. "Only when the educated respect themselves can they carry out self-education." Our teacher's task is to arouse and protect students' self-esteem, so that they can feel respect and trust, thus generating pride and self-confidence, building self-esteem, self-confidence and self-improvement, and becoming the driving force for self-education and autonomous learning.
Third, teach students learning methods and form autonomous learning ability.
Educator Tao Xingzhi once said: "Teaching is to not teach." Darwin also had a motto: "The most valuable knowledge is the knowledge about methods." Therefore, in order to cultivate students' autonomous learning ability, we must improve teaching methods and guide learning methods in teaching.
1, for abstract mathematical knowledge, strengthen intuitive operation.
Strengthen intuitive operation and guide students to learn abstract and generalized thinking methods initially. Mathematical knowledge is abstract to varying degrees. In order to adapt to students' way of thinking, conform to students' cognitive rules and guide students to abstract mathematical knowledge and principles, it is necessary to provide students with concrete materials, so that students can generate a lot of perception through specific operations and establish representations as the pillars of abstract mathematical knowledge.
2. Train students' language expression ability and promote the coordination of language and thinking.
Training students' language expression, guiding them to explain mathematical problems in an orderly way and expressing their own thinking process is an important aspect of developing students' thinking and giving full play to their main role. In teaching, we should first pay attention to training students to answer questions in accurate language and guide them to transition from life language to mathematics language; Then with the help of appropriate mathematical activities. Such as hands-on operation or observing the actual operation of teachers, guiding students to fully express mathematical meaning and promoting the development of mathematical thinking ability; Finally, guide students to summarize mathematical problems or mathematical principles in concise language, so that students can achieve the consistency of language and thinking.
3. Carefully design classroom questions to cultivate students' diligent thinking.
Carefully design classroom questions to guide students to learn thinking methods and habits step by step. Carefully designing questions that play an important role in students' understanding and mastering relevant knowledge can promote the development of students' active thinking and associative thinking ability.
4, timely guidance and summary, master scientific mathematical ideas and methods.
Timely guidance and summary can make students consciously use scientific methods to study. For example, the calculation of parallelogram area can first guide students to recall how decimal multiplication is converted into integer multiplication to calculate, and whether the conversion method can also be used in the calculation of parallelogram area? Into what graphics? Then organize students to cut and paste and spell to see if they can be converted into rectangles, and then gradually deduce the calculation formula.
Fourth, develop good study habits and cultivate students' autonomous learning ability.
Mr. Ye Shengtao said: "What is education? Simply put, it is to cultivate good habits. " Entering the new century, the development of the times puts forward higher requirements for primary school mathematics education. In a sense, developing good study habits is more important than acquiring knowledge. Students with good study habits can not only adhere to self-awareness and preview before class, but also engage in learning activities quickly and happily, and have a strong spirit of exploration.
Fifth, experience success and feel the fun of independent exploration.
As long as a person experiences one success, it will arouse endless pursuit of ideas and strength. Therefore, in the process of students' exploration and acquisition of knowledge, students should experience the joy of success and the pleasure of independent exploration; When students experienced "hardships" in the process of exploring knowledge, they broke through the tight encirclement and made great new discoveries. This is a powerful and exciting emotional experience. When students taste the joy of success brought by independent exploration, they will have the desire to pursue this emotional experience again.