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According to the Compulsory Education Law of People's Republic of China (PRC), what is the physical and mental development and actual situation of school-age children and adolescents?
According to the physical and mental development of school-age children and adolescents and the actual situation, the education administrative department of the State Council determines the teaching system, teaching content and curriculum, reforms the examination system, and improves the enrollment methods of senior secondary schools.

The education administrative departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in accordance with the above provisions, organize the preparation of exercise books or problem sets for winter and summer vacations, which shall be reviewed by the provincial primary and secondary school textbook review committee and reported to the provincial education committee for approval.

Exercise books or problem sets that need to be distributed across provinces must be approved by the State Education Commission and audited by the Examination and Approval Committee for Primary and Secondary School Textbooks of the State Education Commission. Workbooks, problem sets and winter and summer assignments compiled by provincial organizations are published, printed and distributed by designated publishing houses.

Designated institutions, factories, shops and corresponding management measures shall be put forward by the provincial education administrative department in consultation with the publishing department at the same level, reported to the provincial people's government for approval and implementation, and reported to the State Education Commission for the record. The list of designated publishing houses will be published in the central newspaper after being summarized.

The pricing of exercise books, problem sets and holiday homework shall be determined by the provincial education and publishing department with reference to the pricing standards of teaching materials and in accordance with the principle of low price and low profit.

Characteristics of children's physical and mental development

Children's cognitive development is mainly reflected in three aspects: perception, thinking and behavior. In terms of perception, children begin to know their bodies and the world, and learn to perceive and react. In terms of thinking, children begin to develop their ability to understand and analyze things, and begin to use logical thinking and creative thinking to solve problems.

In terms of behavior, children learn to express themselves and interact with others, and also begin to explore and discover the connections and laws between things. Cognitive development is the basis of children's physical and mental development, and it is also an important basis for children's follow-up learning and growth.

One of the characteristics of children's physical and mental development is their rapid physical development. In preschool children, children's physical function began to improve gradually, and their muscle strength, coordination and endurance were significantly improved. The rapid development of the body means that children can walk, run and jump independently. The development of these movements is very important for children's balance and coordination.