Zankov's theory of "teaching and development" applies the theory of Vygotsky, a famous psychologist and his tutor in the former Soviet Union. Vygotsky said: "Teaching should create the nearest development zone, and then turn the nearest development zone into the current development level. Pedagogy should not take the yesterday of children's development as the direction, but the tomorrow of children's development as the direction. " Only when teaching is ahead of development can teaching achieve good results.
Zankov put forward five teaching principles through a large number of long-term teaching experiments. The principle of difficult teaching, the principle of high-speed teaching, the principle that theoretical knowledge plays a guiding role, the principle that students understand the learning process and all students get universal development.