The knowledge education in schools is an explicit function, while the socialization function is a recessive function. Sociologist Parsons even thinks that what is important in school class is not factual knowledge, but social knowledge. Therefore, explicit knowledge education may conflict with social knowledge education. The role of school education in individual socialization is to balance this relationship, and then guide students in the process of knowledge dissemination.
Childhood is generally kindergarten and primary school. Children's socialization refers to the process in which children learn the cultural knowledge, behavior habits and values that people must master in the society to which they belong. Only when children are socialized can they become a member of society. The main task at this stage is to promote children's socialization. Morality is an important part of children's socialization development, and cultural knowledge learning should be a part of knowledge education.
Bandura, a representative of social learning theory, believes that moral behavior can be obtained or changed through learning, and it is the environment that determines children's moral behavior. He also found through experimental research that role models play an important role in children's behavior. During this period, various organized activities and the education of school teachers made children's social moral consciousness develop rapidly. The interaction between teachers and children, classmates and partners further promotes the socialization of children. It is not only the new generation that has fallen, but only after all the adults have fallen will the new generation fall. (On the spirit of law, there are four chapters and five sections) Therefore, if children's primary education pays attention to the self-cultivation of teachers' moral character, the cultivation of teachers' personality charm and the healthy and orderly surrounding environment of the school, students will love and imitate teachers' excellent moral character and establish a healthy and correct psychological consciousness. On the contrary, if the school only pays attention to imparting knowledge and ignores the moral cultivation of students and teachers, it cannot be said that its education is successful. It is often seen in the news that a primary school teacher sexually assaulted her students by taking advantage of their youth and ignorance, and threatened that she would not pass the exam if she spoke out. What a cruel fact.
Youth is usually in middle school. Socialization of young individuals refers to the process that young people acquire knowledge, skills, attitudes, habits, ideals, values and behavior patterns that meet specific social requirements through learning in social practice, and become social members with unique personalities and fulfill their social responsibilities. This youth education is the key to youth socialization. During this period, the individual's psychological and physical aspects gradually developed and matured, and the learning of young people should gradually rise to a higher level; We should provide them with more initiative to build a knowledge system and promote their own socialization.
In this period, that is, the middle school period, exams seem to be everything, and schools naturally ignore the socialized education of students. All the behaviors of teachers and students are only linked to the college entrance examination. Introducing competition mechanism into students' ideas through examinations can cultivate students' sense of accomplishment and social recognition, but abnormal examinations will also bring great pressure to students. This concept of evaluating students only by cultural examination is incompatible with the pluralistic values in society. The pressure of further education is that some students suffer from depression, don't communicate with the outside world, and even indulge in online virtual worlds. At this time, the school should advocate personalized development, carry out extracurricular interest activities, promote exchanges between students, stimulate students' interest in learning, and make them realize their strengths and avoid weaknesses.
College students have entered adulthood, and their individual socialization has been based on the initial socialization of developing socialization or continuing socialization. The socialization of college students is an active process, because they know what they need and how to realize individual socialization and personality development. The main task of the school is to provide them with a good academic environment and practical support, and to restrain their imagination and passion as little as possible, but this does not mean that they are allowed to do whatever they want. First of all, college students are politically naive and immature, lacking a sense of social responsibility and mission, and their political consciousness needs to be improved. Therefore, colleges and universities should strengthen the ideological and political education of college students and promote their political socialization. Secondly, under the socialist market economy, people do whatever it takes to satisfy their desires, and economic crimes emerge one after another in society. The school encourages students to experience the society, and at the same time gives them moral and legal education to prevent them from breaking the law. Third, the society is highly informatized and the culture tends to be diversified. Universities can guide students to make appropriate value judgments.