Answer (1) At present, the urgent tasks facing colleges and universities are: ① Actively promote the reform of talent training mode, infiltrate quality education into all aspects of education, and integrate quality education, basic theory education and professional education;
(2) Integrating knowledge imparting with ability training to promote the all-round and coordinated development of students' morality, intelligence, physique and aesthetics;
(3) To deepen the reform of teaching methods and means, on the one hand, we should build modern design teaching experimental base and practice base in a planned way, improve teaching conditions and improve teaching effect; On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of students' self-study ability and innovative design ability, and provide a reliable foundation for cultivating high-quality talents with innovative design ability.
(2) The history of modern design education in China is short, and there is still a considerable gap compared with the international level. Generally speaking, China has not yet formed a perfect and mature design teaching system with innovation as the core. Specific performance in the following aspects:
① At present, the specialty is too narrow, the professional boundary is too clear, and there is no cross-synthesis.
② Lack of flexible feedback operation mechanism and sound adaptive system, inappropriate professional classification and failure to accurately reflect essential relevance.
Setting courses for different groups of people, teachers' quality and curriculum setting are one-sided to varying degrees.
④ The curriculum system is unreasonable, the educational content is outdated, and the teaching methods and means are backward.
⑤ Lack of inspiration, dialogue and discussion in the teaching process, ignoring the cultivation of students' ability to find, analyze and solve problems and self-study.
⑥ Lack of teachers, backward equipment and unreasonable talent structure.
⑦ Poor school conditions, insufficient funds, weak scientific research, and outstanding problems in enrollment and teaching materials.
The most prominent thing is that the orientation of design education is unreasonable. Design education is regarded as an educational means to serve a certain industry or a certain production field, but it ignores its role in improving the cultural quality of the whole nation and establishing the human lifestyle and cultural ideal in the future society, and ignores its humanistic connotation. Although colleges and universities have done a lot of work in teaching reform in recent years, the design education in China has not completely got rid of the talent training mode under the old system.
4. Combined with Bauhaus's design concept, the influence of Bauhaus on design education is briefly described. (30 essay questions)
A: The word "Bauhaus" was invented by Gropes and consists of the roots of German words "build" and "house". Bauhaus School is a merger of Weimar Art School and Craft School, aiming at cultivating new design talents.
(1) The core of Bauhaus's school-running thought is art and handicraft, which is the integration and unity of science, technology and art. The design concept mainly has three points: First, adhere to the new unity of art and technology, and the purpose of design is people rather than products.
Third, the design must follow the natural laws and objective laws. In the educational structure, it is the combination of apprenticeship and art training, that is, the combination of workshop and classroom. Through the manual technology education of craft technicians, students can master and understand the relationship between materials, crafts, textures and other technologies, and cooperate with the creative education of craft training to form a complete, unified and reasonable design education model, which has become an important experience of modern design education.
(2) Bauhaus had a profound influence on modern design education. Its design education ideas mainly include: ① technology and art should be harmonious and unified; ② Visual sensitivity should reach a reasonable level; ③ Scientific understanding of materials, structures, textures and colors; ④ Collective work is the core of design; ⑤ Artists, entrepreneurs and technicians should cooperate closely, and students' homework should be closely combined with enterprise projects.
(3) The influence of Bauhaus on design education mainly includes the following two aspects.
① It has laid the structural foundation of modern design education. At present, all kinds of design departments in the world have different levels of content in Bauhaus's teaching system, especially the "basic course" teaching initiated by Bauhaus, which establishes the research of plane and three-dimensional structure, material and color on a scientific basis in the form of independent interaction. As a result, visual design education has got rid of the subjective tendency of artists' individualization, liberalization and unscientific. Bauhaus's functional exploration of graphic design and the education of modernist design features have become important sources of modern graphic design.
(2) Bauhaus insists on the studio education mode, allowing students to participate in the production in person, giving full play to potential creativity and breaking through the limitations of previous theories. At the same time, it advocates extensive contact with the business community and industry, so that students have the opportunity to put the design results into practice and create a new world combining modern design with industrial production.
(4) Bauhaus's historical contribution to design education mainly includes the following aspects:
(1) Pay attention to collective work, break through the individual barriers of art education, and lay the foundation for enterprise work.
(2) Pay attention to standards and break the free liberalization and non-standardization of early art education.
③ Try to establish a new education system based on science, emphasizing the combination of scientific and logical working methods and artistic expression.
④ Shift the educational emphasis of "creating modeling" which has been popular in the design field to "solving problems". It makes the design get rid of the disadvantages of the game form for the first time and move towards a truly convenient, practical, economical and beautiful design system, which lays a solid foundation for modern design.
⑤ Based on the experiment of the Belgian designer Wilde, various studios were created, and a group of outstanding artists and designers were involved in the design. Design education was based on science.
⑥ It broke the old framework of college-style art education, and at the same time created a way of combining large-scale industrial production, which laid the foundation for the development of modern design education.
⑦ A group of professionals who are familiar with traditional technology and master modern industrial production methods and design rules have been trained, and a concise aesthetic style suitable for large machine production mode has been formed, which has raised the design of modern industrial products to a new level.
(5) The Bauhaus school also has its limitations on modern design education. Although Bauhaus has made great contributions to the modern design movement, it cannot solve all the problems. Bauhaus style was once called internationalism style. However, because it can't reflect the national cultural characteristics, it is called a design language without national boundaries.
(6) Bauhaus has always been regarded as the most influential and controversial art school in the 20th century, and it was the center of utopian thought and spirit at that time. It initiated the educational concept of modern design and made irrefutable outstanding achievements in the theory and practice of art education. The course of Bauhaus is the birth of modern design, and it is also the course of building a bridge between art and mechanical technology, which are far apart. Bauhaus occupies a dominant position in the fields of architecture, art and industrial design.
5. Why do you say that "the cultivation of creative thinking ability is the core of design education"? (Jiangnan University 20 15 test)
Reference answer:
The problem solved by design thinking is to create new and unprecedented things or forms and solve new problems that have not been solved by predecessors. The process of design is a process of exploration, and exploration itself is full of factors of thinking and creation. Therefore, the creative thinking of design is a process of creative thinking including quantitative change and qualitative change, from content to form or from form to content. The cultivation of innovative ability is the core of art design education for the following reasons:
(1) Today, when quality education is advocated, an important task of higher education is to cultivate creativity. For art design majors, the cultivation of innovative ability is more important, which is the core concept and fundamental purpose of art design education.
(2) Design is creation, and the process of artistic design is essentially a process of creation. The success of art design mainly depends on its creativity.
(3) The creative thinking of art design is essentially the synthesis and application of various thinking modes and abilities, and synthesis is also a kind of creation.
(4) Art design education should be the cultivation and education of creativity and ability, not just the education of design techniques. To sum up, the cultivation of innovative ability is the core of art design education, and design education focusing on innovative thinking and ability cultivation education is a new type of design education.
6. As a high-quality designer in the 2 1 century, what qualities, abilities and accomplishments should a designer have? (important)
1, a successful designer should have the following points:
First, a strong and keen perception
B, the ability of invention and creation
C, the aesthetic appraisal ability of works
D, the ability to express design ideas
E, with comprehensive professional ability.
Modern design must have a broad cultural vision, profound wisdom and rich knowledge; We must be innovative, knowledgeable, sensitive and capable of solving problems. We should consider social reflection and social effect, and strive to design works that are beneficial to society and can improve people's aesthetic ability and psychological pleasure and satisfaction. We should summarize the characteristics of the contemporary era and reflect the real aesthetic interest and the ideal of attaching importance to beauty. At least you should understand that excellent designers have their own methods, clear images and logical views.
Designers must be confident and firmly believe in their personal beliefs, experience, vision and taste. No blind obedience, no narcissism, no arrogance, no drifting. Face it with a rigorous academic attitude, not for individuality or design. As a designer, you must have unique quality and superb design skills, that is, no matter how complicated the design topic is, you must conscientiously sum up experience, think hard, scrutinize repeatedly, absorb and digest the same type of excellent design essence, so as to achieve new creation. Curiosity-stimulate the designer's creative desire; Perception-urges designers to care about the world around them and have a strong interest in the aesthetic form and significance of the surrounding cultural environment. The designer's ability to observe and feel is the basis of design creation.
3. The improvement of design level must be carried out through continuous learning and practice. The extensive participation and concentration of designers are contradictory and unified. The former is the source of inspiration and expression, and the latter is the attitude of work. Good design is not only the creation of graphics, it is the result of a lot of intellectual work, covering different fields and playing different roles, which can keep us open-minded and bring more information to our design. The most important thing in design is ideas, and good ideas need to be cultivated and incubated. Design also needs a broad vision, so that information has a broad source. Analogy is learning design.
An important feature of design is that art is essentially common, and the continuous flow of culture and wisdom is the magic weapon to become an evergreen tree in the design field.
4. Individualized design may come from the long-standing cultural tradition of the nation and the design thought with rich national cultural essence. Nationality, originality and individuality are equally valuable, and regional characteristics are also one of the knowledge backgrounds of designers. Future designers are no longer narrow nationalists, but the symbol of each nation is more reflected in the national spirit, and the nation and tradition will also become schema or design elements. As a designer, we should take national traditions and culture seriously.
5. The essence of design is creation, and design creation begins with the designer's creative design thinking. Designers should break through the inherent thinking mode, form the habit of innovation from the way of thinking, and implement it in design practice, and have tenacious original spirit and enthusiastic imagination when seeking the best solution to the problem. This point must be actively explored in continuous learning and accumulation, so that designers can truly have creative inspiration and the ability to invent and create, and their designs will always have vitality.
6. Designers who want to express their creativity need to have comprehensive professional abilities, which are helpful to express their design ideas. If you don't have a solid basic skill of painting modeling, you can't express your design intention and put design ideas into practice. The designer's professional ability can realize the design concept and complete the operation of the design process.
7. As a designer, you should have a strong appreciation ability. This appreciation ability can not be improved overnight, but depends on the accumulation of artistic accomplishment and design professional knowledge. In particular, we should always consciously observe all kinds of successful or failed designs around us and sum up the lessons of success and failure. The basic theoretical knowledge of aesthetics and modern design, as well as broader knowledge of marginal subjects, can make designers have richer aesthetic literacy.
As a designer, he always looks more, asks more and thinks more, and likes to get to the bottom of things and explore the inner mysteries of things. He can often trace back to the source through a small matter, apply the basic principle of something and deduce it into a far-reaching and creative theorem or trigger a new concept, which can be applied to practice. As a designer, no matter how complicated and thorny the design topic is, we should sum up our experience carefully, think hard and scrutinize it repeatedly in order to achieve the most ideal effect. Design professionals should have professional qualities. As a profession, the designer's professional ethics has a great relationship with the perfection of the designer's own personality. What determines a designer's design level is the perfection of his personality. The higher their educational background, the stronger their understanding, grasping and weighing ability, discriminating ability, coordinating ability and processing ability. Therefore, designers must pay attention to personal practice.
9. An excellent designer should always pay attention to the market demand and its changes, and have the ability of scientific investigation and prediction. Many factors on which this forecasting ability is based come from thorough and rigorous market research. But it is not only obtained through simple statistics, but also needs to analyze the consumption psychology of different consumer groups, such as gender, age, education level, living habits, money income, living environment, etc., on the basis of mastering market psychology, so as to design products with different forms and rich forms to adapt to the purchasing psychology of different consumer groups and make them willing to accept them.
Summary: As a high-quality designer in 2 1 century, he should have the above qualities, abilities and accomplishments, as well as a sense of social responsibility. A designer is a social worker, and his primary consideration in design is not himself, but society. This is reflected in the design, not only to be safe and beautiful, but also to be responsible for the human ecological environment, and to achieve good social benefits for the society through design activities. Designers should have a very clear economic mind and a general judgment on the development direction of design. From a macro point of view, it is necessary to understand the domestic economic form and pay attention to the world economic situation; From a microscopic point of view, it is necessary to have a clear grasp of the cost, price and sales prospects of the designed items. Design development is the product of economic development, so it is definitely not promising to bury your head in design if you are not familiar with economic development.