What are the four basic laws of education? 1. Indirect experience and direct experience are unified.

2. Students focus on learning indirect experience. First, students' learning content is the essence of human civilization experience through systematic selection, careful processing, simplification and typification.

3. Second, it also shows indirectness in students' cognitive style.

4. At the same time, students' indirect experience should be based on direct experience. In order to transform human knowledge and experience into knowledge that students really understand and master, we must rely on the perceptual experience accumulated by individuals in the past or now, because the book knowledge that students have learned is expressed by abstract words and symbols, and it is an understanding and summary of past production and social practice, not from students' practice and experience.

5. Tao Xingzhi said, "Knowledge is like grafting". This sentence compares the branches of a tree to direct experience and the grafted branches to indirect experience, which shows that indirect experience is based on direct experience.

6. Therefore, we should make full use of students' existing experience in teaching to increase students' perceptual knowledge necessary for learning new knowledge, so as to ensure the smooth progress of teaching.

7. If in the material analysis problem, a teacher pays attention to let students acquire knowledge through hands-on practice while explaining abstract knowledge, or let students watch intuitive teaching AIDS and experiments, this law will be reflected.

8. Mastering knowledge and developing ability are unified.

9. Mastering knowledge is the basis of developing ability, and the development of students' cognitive ability depends on mastering knowledge, which provides a broad field for intelligence.

10. Introducing the knowledge of thinking methods such as induction, deduction and problem solving to students is the way to teach students mental arithmetic.

1 1. The process of mastering knowledge inevitably requires students to actively carry out mental activities such as cognition, thinking and judgment. Only in the activities of mental operation can cognitive ability be developed.

12. Ability development is an important condition for mastering knowledge. The speed and quality of students' knowledge depends on their original intelligence level.

13. Cognitive ability has universal transfer value, which can not only effectively improve students' learning efficiency and knowledge quality, but also promote students to further master knowledge and help students apply knowledge to social practice activities, thus obtaining complete knowledge.

14. It is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish, which embodies the unity of mastering knowledge and developing ability.

15. In the problem of material analysis, if a teacher teaches students knowledge as well as learning skills and methods and how to learn, this rule will be reflected.

16. Teachers' leading and students' main body are unified.

17. In the teaching process, we should not only pay full attention to teachers' teaching, but also fully mobilize students' learning enthusiasm, organically combine teachers' leading role with students' main role, and achieve good teaching results.

18. The relationship between them is that teachers are in the position of organizers in the teaching process, and teachers should give full play to their leading role, while students are in the position of learning subjects in the teaching process. They should give full play to their subjective initiative and establish a cooperative, friendly, democratic and equal relationship between teachers and students.

19. If in the textbook, on the one hand, teachers can mobilize students' learning initiative and enthusiasm, guide students to think independently and explore actively, and act as small masters of the classroom; At the same time, on the other hand, teachers can educate and guide students in time, which embodies this law.

20. impart knowledge and ideological education.

2 1. In the teaching process, teachers must attach importance to the ideological and moral education of students while imparting knowledge, and organically combine the two, so that students can achieve ideal development and progress in knowledge ability and ideological and moral aspects.

22. The relationship between them is that knowledge is the foundation of ideological and moral formation, and the improvement of students' ideological and moral quality lays the foundation for their active learning of knowledge, and knowledge imparting is organically combined with ideological and moral education.