Chapter One: Lu Xun and Xu Guangping have only one son, named Zhou Haiying. When his son was born, Xu Guangping showed signs of dystocia. When the doctor asked Lu Xun whether to raise people or children, he replied decisively: "Raise people." As a result, mother and child are safe.
In the process of his son's growth, Lu Xun basically carried out the idea of "how can we be fathers now" and made him "completely liberated". He said, "What I take for granted now is nothing but love." According to Zhou Haiying's Seventy Years of Lu Xun and Me, Lu Xun's educational model is "let nature take its course, try not to give him too many blows, or even disobey his love, unless it is extremely unbearable and unreasonable". One day, Zhou Haiying refused to go to school anyway, and Lu Xun spanked him with a newspaper. Later, Lu Xun wrote to his mother and explained, "It was loud during the war, but it didn't hurt."
Chapter II: Qian Jibo is the father of Qian Zhongshu, a master of Chinese studies, scholar and writer.
Qian Jibo is very strict with his son. When Qian Zhongshu was sixteen, he also gave him a beating. 1926 From the autumn to the following summer, Qian Jibo went north to Tsinghua to teach, but did not return to Wuxi during the winter vacation. At this time, Qian Zhongshu is studying in middle school. Instead of reviewing textbooks, he plunged into the world of novels. Father came back to ask his homework, but Qian Zhongshu failed the exam and was beaten.
1929, after Qian Zhongshu was admitted to Tsinghua University Foreign Languages Department, Qian Jibo often wrote to him. A letter said, "Being a benevolent gentleman is more important than being a scholar." Then a letter said: "Now foreign things say that your article is better than mine, and I am glad that you have learned from me;" However, let's just say that you have always been loyal to me and practiced for me. I am particularly comforted. "I hope Qian Zhongshu can be" indifferent to his ambition, quiet and far-reaching ". "I hope you are Zhuge Gong, Tao Yuanming; Unlike you, Hu Shizhi and Xu Zhimo ".
Qian Jibo kept his distance from the New Culture Movement at that time and devoted himself to studying Chinese studies. He warned Qian Zhongshu in this way because of a Confucian cultural standpoint.
Chapter Three: Liang Qichao has nine children. Under his education and guidance, they all became experts in a certain field, and even produced the story of "one academician and three academicians". The three academicians are architect Liang Sicheng, archaeologist Liang Siyong and rocket control system expert Liang. Besides, the fourth son Liang Sida is an economist, the second daughter Liang Sizhuang is a librarian, and the third daughter Liang Siyi is a social activist.
Liang Qichao's love for his children is all-round, not only in study, in dealing with people, but also in financial management, current affairs and many other aspects, with a peaceful and equal attitude. After reading Liang Qichao's letters, you will understand that Liang Qichao's performance in educating children in A Letter to Children is exemplary.
Liang Qichao made no secret of his love when writing letters. In a letter of June 1927, he wrote: "You know, your father is the most emotional person, and his love for you is extremely enthusiastic. No matter how busy your homework is, you must write at least once every few months, and just a few words will tell you that you are safe. "
In studying, Liang Qichao didn't value diplomas at all, but emphasized laying a good foundation and mastering the "temperature". He said to Liang Sizhuang, "It doesn't matter if you don't get into college. A diploma is not a diploma. The thicker the wall, the better. " And teach children how to ask questions and learn-"there must always be two working cycles of' strong stew' and' slow stew' alternately."
At the same time, Liang Qichao emphasized the importance of responsibility. 1923, he wrote to his eldest daughter, Liang, saying, "No matter how big or small the cause in the world is, as long as you do your best within your responsibility, you are the first." Of course, Liang Rengong did not forget to praise his son-in-law and daughter-in-law while writing and teaching his children.
1918165438+17 October, three days before committing suicide, Liang Ji asked his son Liang Shuming, "Will the world be all right?" Liang Shuming, then a philosophy lecturer in Peking University, replied, "I believe the world is getting better every day." "It's good to be good!" Say and Liang Ji left home.
Liang Shuming tried to commit suicide twice, but in the end, China and life problems haunted him, and he kept thinking and actively left. Liang Shuming has two sons, Liang Peikuan and Liang Peishu, who are given the greatest freedom. Liang Peishu said in an interview: "We may have the freest education and the greatest autonomy that others do not have." This kind of education is also related to Liang Ji's "trust and letting go" of Liang Shuming. It can be said that this is also a kind of "China heirloom".
When Liang Peikuan recalled Liang Shuming, he often mentioned an exam. At that time, Liang Peikuan got 59 points in the exam. He showed his father the notice that the school asked for a make-up exam. "He only took one look and gave it back to me." Liang Peikuan said that he later understood his father's intention. "I am responsible for my own affairs."
Compared with the classroom results, Liang Shuming is more concerned with teaching people to live a social life and "the education of life itself"
Chapter Four: Hu Shi and his wife Jiang Dongxiu have three children. My daughter died at the age of five. Hu Zuwang, the eldest son, and Hu Sidu, the youngest son, are around Jiang Dongxiu. Hu Shi's official business is too busy to take care of. Although Jiang Dongxiu was born into an official family, he only studied in a private school for a few years, and he likes playing cards. For children's discipline, he devoted less energy and blamed more, and the effect was not very good.
In the aspect of family education, although Hu Shi advocated "independence, sociability and emphasis on learning", he was also suspected of not knowing how to love children. 1929, Hu Shi wrote a letter to Hu Zuwang, hoping to cultivate him to live an independent, gregarious and hardworking life. The letter said, "What is that?" Class one should catch up with the top row of class one and school one should catch up with the top row of school one. Homework should be the best, conduct should be the best, and life should be the best. This is the ambitious child. "At this time, Hu Zuwang was ten years old and left his parents to go to school alone. With such high expectations for his father, I'm afraid he will only feel "at a loss". The following year, Hu Shi was disappointed and received a report of "poor grades" from the school. He said angrily, "Your grades have eight' 4s', which is the worst grade. Aren't you ashamed? Look at this watch yourself. "
Finally, although Hu Zuwang went to college, he fell far short of Hu Shi's expectations. Hu Sidu studied in two universities and didn't graduate, but he got into many bad habits. In his later years, Hu Shi said to his secretary: "To marry a wife, you must have a higher education; A wife with a high degree of education has shortcomings in other aspects, but she will certainly manage her children well and educate them well. The mother is patient and the child is not bad at teaching; If the child can't teach well, it is an impatient relationship for the mother. " It can be said that language is painful and meaningful.
Hu Shi also reflected on himself in his letter to Jiang Dongxiu: "I really don't deserve to be Lao Tzu. I don't make out with them at ordinary times, but I blame them for their poor homework and bad habits. Joe wants you to give it to me, don't scold him, and be friends with him. "
Chapter five: Feng Zikai has seven children. He believes that childhood is the golden age of life and strongly opposes the cultivation of children into "little adults."
In life, Feng Zikai called going out to do things "boring". When he was with the children, he was full of joy, holding the children, feeding them, singing and teasing them, drawing and making them laugh, and being particularly close to them. On one occasion, Zhan Zhan, the eldest son, asked Feng Zikai to carry him to the station to buy bananas, "grabbing hands all over the floor before coming back". When he got home, he fell asleep on his father's shoulder, and the banana in his hand had long since disappeared. Feng Zikai sighed in the article "For My Children": "What admirable truth, nature and enthusiasm! The so-called virtues of silence, implication and profundity in the world are unnatural, morbid and false compared with you! "
In addition to letting children grow up freely in the air of love, Feng Zikai also attaches importance to cultivating children's independent spirit. 1947, he entered the age of knowing his destiny and made an agreement with his children. The most important thing is "independence". One of them wrote: "Children live independently after graduating from college, and they have no obligation to support their parents, and parents have no obligation to support their children." At the same time, children should be separated from their parents after independence. "People who live together by mutual consent are neighbors, not obligations."