The eleven countries of the Sino-Ugly Treaty at that time referred to the Sino-Ugly Treaty between Britain, the United States, Japan, Russia, France, Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Spain and the Netherlands, also known as the Sino-Ugly Treaty and the Beijing Protocol. China's Qing government and Britain, the United States, Japan, Russia, France, Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Spain and the Netherlands. It is considered as one of a series of unequal treaties signed by China since the First Opium War. The treaty was signed in the 27th year of Guangxu (190 1) on July 25th, the year of Xin Chou, hence the name Xin Chou Treaty. The Gregorian calendar falls on September 7th, so it is called "1997 national humiliation".