"Heuristic education method" has profound historical origin, extensive adaptability and authoritative principle, so it has the characteristics of "fundamental law". Therefore, "heuristic education method" should be the basis and criterion for us to study and standardize various education and teaching methods.
1, "heuristic education method" is a traditional teaching method at home and abroad, with far-reaching influence and historical significance;
"Fundamental Law" can't be a surprise attack from the sky, nor can it be accomplished overnight, but it has a long history and has been proved to be correct after a long period of test, so "Fundamental Law" often has far-reaching historical significance. Heuristic education method originated in ancient times and has been used for thousands of years. The historical facts of Chinese and foreign education prove its far-reaching historicity.
2. "Heuristic education method" has existed since ancient times, both at home and abroad. Heuristic teaching method is a great contribution of China people to world education. The word "inspiration" originated from Confucius, a thinker and educator in the Spring and Autumn Period in China. As early as the Analects of Confucius, there was such a description: "Don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be unhappy. No three turns,no. " "Don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry" refers to the conditions and opportunities of "inspiration". "If you don't occupy a corner and object from three corners, there will never be any more" refers to the requirements and standards of "inspiration". There is also a saying of "good metaphor" in the Book of Rites in the late Warring States Period: "Tao is the cause of traction, strength is the cause of suppression, and opening is also success." Among them, "holding" and "restraining" mean not "kidnapping" students, not "suppressing" students, and letting students think, explore, practice and create by themselves; But "Opening and Fulda" points out more clearly that it is necessary to inspire him not to tell the whole story, but to inspire him to find it himself. The "enlightenment" wisdom put forward by ancient educators in China, which is deeply understood and accurately interpreted, is beyond the reach of educators all over the world. Since then, most dynasties have respected Confucius as a saint and inherited and carried forward the "heuristic education method".
Socrates first advocated heuristic education in the west. Socrates, an ancient Greek scholar, actively advocated "heuristic dialogue". He believes that the function of teachers is to help students and guide them to discover, experience, understand, master and construct knowledge. The teacher's task is not to invent and spread knowledge, but to be a midwife of new ideas. Truth exists in everyone's heart, but not everyone can find it in himself. Teachers should use dialogue and questions to help students discover the truth that exists in their inner world and guide it out. He called this method "spiritual midwifery". Later, his philosophical thoughts and educational thoughts were inherited and carried forward by his student Plato. Plato actively advocated induction, inspiration and induction, and guided students to discover knowledge and truth by themselves. Philosopher Aristotle clearly pointed out that teachers should not directly give students the "coat of thought", but should let students learn how to cut out the "coat of thought" and develop their ability of inductive reasoning.
3. "Heuristic teaching method" is a widely used teaching method with wide adaptability.
Some teaching methods often have considerable limitations. However, the "heuristic education method" has lasted for thousands of years. Tens of thousands of miles, everywhere Therefore, "heuristic education method" has a wide range of adaptability.
From time and space, from China to foreign countries, the "heuristic education method" is used. Therefore, the "heuristic education method" has the characteristics of adapting to ancient and modern times and being applicable at home and abroad. From this perspective, the "heuristic education method" has a wide range of temporal and spatial adaptability.
As far as the subject is concerned, "heuristic teaching method" is applicable to the whole subject. The teaching principle of "reviewing the past and learning the new" and the teaching design of "situational education" in Chinese are the application and extension of "heuristic teaching method" The cultivation and training of "mathematical thinking" in mathematics depends on logic, which is the implementation path of "heuristic education method" It is this strict logic that leads and inspires students to enter the hall of mathematics. The rest, in the history of physics, chemistry, health and politics, there is not a subject that does not need heuristic education method, even if it is such a highly practical subject, without the support of heuristic education method, it will not have good results. From this perspective, the "heuristic education method" also has a wide range of disciplinary adaptability.
In terms of agents and patients, the "heuristic education method" is also applicable to all employees. Students adapt to and need heuristic education methods regardless of their learning foundation, academic performance, gender and personality differences. Teachers, whether male or female, whether new or old, whether advanced or not, whether famous or not, can use or even be inseparable from the "heuristic education method."
4. "Heuristic education method" is a teaching method advocated by the state and has authoritative principles.
The "fundamental law" needs authority, and the other "laws" cannot be compared and challenged; The need for principle is the norm of other "legal" actions and cannot be violated. And "heuristic education method" has such significance.
First of all, the heuristic education method is authoritative. Article 35 of the new Compulsory Education Law stipulates: "The state encourages schools and teachers to adopt heuristic education and other teaching methods to improve the quality of education and teaching." "Heuristic education" is the only education and teaching method put forward separately in the compulsory education law, which is typical, representative and irreplaceable. It has a very important position, while other education and teaching methods can only be in the "equality" column. This expression implies the importance and authority of "heuristic education method", which is irreplaceable and incomparable.
Secondly, the "heuristic education method" is principled. In other words, any kind of teaching method, if it violates the "heuristic education method", will reduce the efficiency and even lose its meaning. Look at a specious example of the so-called "heuristic teaching method" A Chinese teacher asked in class, "How many paragraphs can this article be divided into?" One student replied, "It is divided into six sections". The Chinese teacher shook his head and continued to ask, "Do any students have different opinions?" Student B answered "four paragraphs" and the teacher shook his head again. At this time, everyone replied together: "Five paragraphs!" The teacher was happy: "Exactly!" The absurdity of such an example is that there is no "question" in the way of asking questions, so there is no real "heuristic education" because it violates the principle of "inspiration"
At present, many learning methods are inefficient or even ineffective, which mainly violates the heuristic principle of "heuristic education law". Some inquiry-based learning and research-based learning are wandering at a shallow level, and it is also because teachers lack enlightening guidance, so students are "riding a blind horse" and don't know what to do. Some excellent teaching methods have been affirmed and sought after, mainly because the "heuristic education methods" and "learning before teaching and training in class" in Yang Si middle schools are well used, fully used and skillfully used. Let students learn first, find problems and follow, so that the teacher's inspiration will be more targeted and effective.
Legal basis:
"Compulsory Education Law of People's Republic of China (PRC)" Article 35 The education administrative department of the State Council shall, according to the physical and mental development of school-age children and adolescents and the actual situation, determine the teaching system, teaching content and curriculum, reform the examination system, improve the enrollment method of senior secondary schools, and promote the implementation of quality education.
Schools and teachers carry out educational and teaching activities in accordance with the determined educational and teaching contents and courses to ensure that the basic quality requirements stipulated by the state are met.
The state encourages schools and teachers to adopt heuristic education and other teaching methods to improve the quality of education and teaching.