Generally speaking, the number of doctoral programs and master programs indicates the strength of teachers and scientific research, which is usually the index and basis for candidates to judge the strength of schools, disciplines and majors.
Colleges with master's degrees have the conditions to train master's students independently, and are generally better than those without master's degrees in terms of teachers and training level in corresponding disciplines; With a master's degree, this major can independently train graduate students. Because some schools don't have master's degrees, they train master's students by linking with other majors. But in this case, graduate students need to study appropriate courses related to their majors. Accordingly, those with doctoral degrees are generally better in the corresponding disciplines and have better teachers than those without doctoral degrees.
Doctoral students: Postgraduates studying for doctoral degrees, referred to as doctoral students, are the highest level of postgraduate education. In people's daily life, they are admitted to doctors, read doctors and so on. Refers to a doctoral student. Strictly speaking, students who have not obtained a doctorate can only be called doctoral students; Only those who get a doctorate are real doctors. Therefore, according to international practice, in formal occasions, only those who have obtained a doctorate can be crowned with the title of "doctor"; This restriction can be waived in informal situations.
China's higher education is divided into three academic levels: junior college, undergraduate and postgraduate, with postgraduate as the highest, but postgraduate can be divided into master students and doctoral students according to their academic qualifications, and doctoral students are the highest academic level in higher education. When a doctoral student graduates, he can get a full-time doctoral diploma and a doctoral degree certificate. Those who study for a doctoral degree on the job with the same academic qualifications can only obtain a degree certificate, and their academic qualifications are still the same, such as undergraduate or master's degree.
At present, the scale of doctoral education in China is controlled, forming a ratio of 10: 1. In addition, in order to facilitate understanding, we can refer to the policy classification of full-set academic education in China: middle school students include junior high school students and high school students, college students include junior college students and undergraduates and graduate students, and graduate students include master students and doctoral students. Doctoral students are referred to as doctoral students for short, and doctors in people's daily life refer to doctoral students. Doctoral students are the highest academic qualifications and degrees in China at present, and postdoctoral students are not students, but the names of staff. Although its name has the word doctor, it has nothing to do with students, but its essence is the identity of the staff.
Source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Doctoral students