In the final analysis, school singing is just a popular movement, which can be regarded as the beginning of modern music in China. The real beginning should start from the professional conservatory of music. In China's traditional concept, national music is a nonexistent name. In ancient times, there were two kinds of music. One is that literati entertain themselves as a means of self-cultivation and self-cultivation. If music is used for profit, it is a performer, which belongs to the traditional meanness. Although Shanghai took the lead in popularity, in 1927, due to traditional ideas, it was extremely difficult for the National Conservatory of Music to recruit students. Mr. Cai Yuanpei was chosen as a tiger skin, attracting more than 20 students.
It is in such a difficult situation that the Shanghai Conservatory of Folk Music still strictly teaches and has trained many elites. Fifty-four graduates from the first ten years, including Qiu, Yu, Ding Shande, Dai Cuilun, Lao Jingxian, Hu Jingxiang, Yu Xinchen, Hong Daqi, Huang Tinggui, Zhang Juanwei, Zhang Hao and Tan Xiaolin, can all enter China. 150 undergraduates, there are many pillars such as He Luting, Jiang Dingxian, Chen Tianhe, Xian Xinghai, Zhang Shu, Lv Ji, Jiang Fengzhi and Pan Hong. The greatest contributor to this achievement is undoubtedly Mr. Xiao.
The first president of Shanghai National Conservatory of Music was Mr. Cai Yuanpei, and Mr. Xiao was the first to propose the establishment of the Conservatory. Mr. Xiao is the actual person in charge of the college work. When the college was founded, Mr. Xiao was appointed as a professor and academic director. Mr. Xiao is the most important music educator in China and the founder of modern music education in China. Born in Xiangshan, Guangdong Province, he is now from Zhongshan, Guangdong Province. 190 1 went to Tokyo Conservatory of Music in Japan to study at Imperial University in Tokyo. 19 12 went to Germany and entered Leipzig Conservatory of Music to study composition theory. 19 16 received the doctoral thesis "/kloc-a historical study of Chinese orchestras before the 7th century".
From 65438 to 0928, Mr. Cai Yuanpei resigned as dean, and Mr. Xiao was immediately righted, but the following year the government revised the university organization law and the college was reduced to the National Conservatory of Music. Although demoted, the standard of the National Conservatory of Music has not been lowered. In order to attract talents, Xiao Youmei took great pains. Not only domestic musicians were recruited, but also first-class scholars were invited to teach minor courses. At that time, Chinese teachers were Yi, Li, Li and so on. The author has read Mr. Long Yusheng's Tang and Song Ci, and is a first-class scholar. Halloff, a world-famous pianist, lived in Shanghai from 65438 to 0929. After hearing the news, Mr. Xiao visited the house many times, raised his monthly salary to 400 yuan, and invited Mr. Halloff to give lectures. Cha Halloff stayed in Shanghai from 65438 to 0942 until his death, which greatly improved the piano teaching level in China. Its influence continues to this day, and the piano department is still the teaching strength of Shanghai Conservatory of Music.
Huang Zi, a famous musician, studied in the United States on 1930, and was hired as the academic director after returning home. Together with Huang Xiao, the National Conservatory of Music entered its heyday. After several years of bleak management, the general environment of domestic music education has finally changed, and music departments have been set up in universities. At that time, there were yenching university, Central Education University, National Peking University Women's College of Arts and Sciences, and Hangzhou National Art College. Private schools follow the fashion closely and also offer music majors, such as Jinghua Academy of Fine Arts and private Guangzhou Conservatory of Music. Among many music majors, Shanghai National Conservatory of Music is undoubtedly the best.
Xiao Youmei adopted the internationally accepted professional music education standards and gradually implemented the credit system. The teachers in this school are also Chinese and foreign. In addition to the above-mentioned Cha Halloff, there are foreign musicians who teach in the National Conservatory of Music, as well as Hua Fu, Shevchenko, Su Shilin, Asakov, Lacha Yev and others. He attaches great importance to musicians who have returned from studying abroad. As the educational director, Mr. Huang Zi has taken almost all the courses of composition theory, which has made great contributions to the development of the school.
Huang was born in Chuansha, Shanghai. 1924 studied in the United States, studied psychology at Oberlin University, and then transferred to the Music School of Yale University to obtain a bachelor's degree in music. The orchestral "Homesickness" composed by him during his stay in the United States is the first symphony composed by China people and the first symphony played by a foreign symphony orchestra in China. After returning to China, he taught at Shanghai Hujiang University. 1930 was hired as the academic director and composition professor of the National Conservatory of Music. There are not many existing works in Huang Zi, but they cover a wide range of genres, many of which are the first in China. The official string Nostalgia mentioned above is the earliest symphony created by China people, and Song of Eternal Sorrow is the earliest Qing drama in China. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression started, he wrote the earliest anti-Japanese songs "Song of Resistance Against the Enemy" and "Flag Flying", and wrote the opening songs for the film "Urban Scenery", instrumental music and China films. At that time, the Shanghai Conservatory of Folk Music also had a large number of musical elites who returned from studying abroad, including Zhou Shuan, Wu Bochao, Ying Shangneng, Li Weining, Xiao, Chen Hong, Zhao Meibo and others.
Among the teachers of Music Teachers College, there is also a legend whose pen name is Liao. He participated in the Revolution of 1911 in his early years, and then went to Germany to study law and minor in piano and composition theory. During the Great Revolution, the National Government wanted him, and he hid in Shanghai under a small guise. During his stay in Shanghai, Zhu Qing was the editor-in-chief of the school magazine of the National Conservatory of Music, and then the editor-in-chief of the quarterly Music Art, and wrote a lot of music reviews, and arranged the vocal music works of this period into two books, Music and Qingge Collection. Among them, Su Dongpo's "Moving to the River" and Li Zhiyi's "Living at the Head of the Yangtze River" are often sung so far. Zhu Qing's aesthetic theory, involving art philosophy and music art, is a theorist in the early study of music aesthetic system, influenced by subjective idealism philosophy such as Kant, Schopenhauer, Liszt and "expressionist" theorist Herman Pell. 1935, Zhu Qing's wanted warrant was cancelled by the national government, so he withdrew and never set foot in music again. However, his musical ideas were later regarded as the basis of "art first" and "art for art's sake" by China musicians.
During the period of National Conservatory of Music, the situation that students studying in Japan dominated school music changed to that dominated by returned overseas Chinese in Europe and America, which indicated that music enlightenment had been completed and began to develop in depth. Xiao selected excellent Chinese and foreign classical music works as teaching materials in his teaching, and gradually established a teaching material system for music education in China. At that time, some musical acts, such as compiling and publishing "National Conservatory of Music Series", holding concerts from time to time, setting up "Educational Music Broadcasting Committee", regularly playing music on Shanghai Chinese and Western Radio Station, and opening "Music Special Issue" in New Evening News, were the earliest specialized music broadcasts and newspaper music columns in China. It laid the foundation stone for modern music in Shanghai and even the whole country.
Shanghai is also the birthplace of China's traditional operas and dance dramas. Sparrows and Children by Li Jinhui is the earliest dance drama, followed by Swan by Qiu Wangxiang, The Emperor's New Clothes by Chen Tianhe, Wang Zhaojun by Zhang Shu, Storm of the Yangtze River by Nie Er, History, Song of Shanghai and The Good Earth by Qian Renkang.