From 65438 to 0875, he entered Princeton University, determined to become a politician, and always showed his "statesmanship" in his daily life. After graduating from Princeton University, Wilson went to the University of Virginia Law School to study law, and then dropped out of school due to illness. Soon after, he started a law firm in partnership with others, hoping to open up his own political career. Unfortunately, his company was ignored and he had to give up and find another way out. From 65438 to 0883, Wilson entered Johns Hopkins University to study political science and history. During this period, he wrote many papers and obtained a doctorate, and began to make his mark in academia and politics. He realized that his ambition could not be realized in the field of lawyers, and the road to politics must be entered through the field of education. From 65438 to 0885, Wilson began his teaching career after graduating from Hopkins University, which also led to his political career.
From 65438 to 0890, Wilson was hired as a professor of law and political economy by his alma mater, Princeton University. Soon, he was elected president of Princeton University with his popular speech, active thinking and sharp debating skills. As soon as he took office, he carried out drastic reforms and won the title of "progressive educator". Just when he was quite famous, the leader of the Democratic Party of New Jersey offered to support him to participate in the governor election of 19 10. He felt that he could "be governor first, then enter the White House" and accepted the proposal. 19 12 Wilson was elected president as he wished, and he began to display his political ambitions and ambitions. He first carried out a series of "neo-liberal" reforms in China, including tax reform, the establishment of the Federal Reserve Bank system, and anti-monopoly legislation, which had an important impact on American history. He also began to show his expansionist ambitions in international affairs, such as interfering in the rebellion in Mexico and the Caribbean.
Since the summer of 19 14, the importance of diplomatic relations has surpassed all other issues, including Wilson's ambitious domestic plan. Wilson, an idealistic arbitrator, is an idealistic diplomat. His thoughts are mainly embodied in the establishment of the League of Nations. He thinks he is a man destined to help build a new world order, which is controlled by morality and idealism rather than national interests. Wilson believes that every country in the world needs to be included in the protection scope of the United States, and he has formed a foreign policy based on pious idealism. 19131921Wilson's presidency, the United States was at a turning point where it needed to make major choices about its domestic and foreign policies. During this period, the strength of the United States has gradually become stronger, and its foreign policy needs to be changed accordingly. However, in the 20th century, the diversity of the world has become increasingly obvious, the voice of nationalism is strong, and international relations are more complicated. Wilson's diplomatic strategy is to strive for hegemony by relying on his strong economic strength.
The most prominent and important activity in his diplomatic activities is the "14 point plan". After the outbreak of World War I, Wilson learned about domestic public opinion and people's anti-war mentality and refused to intervene in European affairs. On the other hand, he also believes that the "golden age" of the United States is coming. During the more than two years before the United States participated in World War I, Wilson made a fortune in the war by using his "neutral" position. He took advantage of his country's unique geopolitical position and strong economic strength, pursued the policy of taking collective security as the banner, and achieved the diplomatic strategic goal of seemingly intermediate position but actually surpassing European powers. Wilson's thought about the League of Nations originated from his diplomatic practice of mediating as a neutral after the outbreak of World War I. Mediation was only conducted as an "arbitrator" and did not bear any political and military responsibility for European affairs, but this kind of mediation itself was an intervention in European affairs, which contradicted the principle of neutrality. So he put forward the idea of the League of Nations, hoping that the United States could dominate the world through the League of Nations.
The Allies are bent on defeating Germany, hoping that the United States can stand on the side of the Allies and participate in the war as soon as possible, while the Wilson administration is concerned about a series of issues that can benefit the United States, such as the League of Nations after the war. The existence of this contradiction determines that the establishment of the League of Nations is not so easy. After the mediation diplomacy in European affairs was frustrated, Wilson put forward the principle of collective security. 19 15, the United States is getting closer and closer to the purpose of participating in the war. Gradually, he had to combine mediation with collective security. Wilson expounded the basic idea of the post-war League of Nations: preventing wars through cooperation, protecting countries from aggression, and ensuring sovereign independence and territorial integrity. Wilson believed that the United States could control and influence this peace alliance, so the League of Nations became the main goal of American diplomacy at that time. 19 16 Wilson was re-elected, and he once again proposed to mediate the European war, but neither of the warring parties was willing to give up its main strategic goal. 1965438+In March 2007, German submarines sank five American merchant ships in the North Atlantic, and it was inevitable for the United States to participate in the war. In April of the same year, Wilson signed a resolution to declare war on Germany.
Although Congress passed the resolution of the war against Germany, it does not mean supporting the League of Nations. 1918 65438+18 October, Wilson gave a speech to Congress and put forward the "14-point plan", which he emphasized would lead Americans to the goal that people are eager to achieve. The last point is about the League of Nations, which is Wilson's specific plan for the post-war world and war goals. On June165438+1October 1 1 day, the warring parties signed an armistice agreement based on Wilson's "14 Point Plan", and the First World War came to an end. At the subsequent Paris Peace Conference, Wilson insisted on discussing the League of Nations first, but was questioned by Britain and France. After heated discussion, both sides made a compromise. But in order to get the support of Britain, France and other countries for the League of Nations, Wilson was forced to make concessions many times. However, just as he was immersed in the joy of the establishment of the League of Nations, the Covenant of the League of Nations was rejected by the United States Senate. Although Wilson made great efforts to obtain the ratification of the Covenant of the League of Nations by Congress, he did not achieve the goal of American participation in the League of Nations. Wilson ushered in a new era of idealism.
He tried his best to prevent the United States from getting involved in World War I Woodrow Wilson. When he realized the threat of the German Empire to the whole human freedom, he explained to Congress the importance of the United States participating in the war-defending the principles of peace and justice in the human world and confronting selfish and dictatorial powers. He also painstakingly sought a just and lasting peace after the war and advocated peaceful settlement of disputes between countries through exchanges and dialogues (although Wilson did not really realize it until his death). This seems contradictory, but when we know and understand this religious person, everything becomes natural. There is no denying that some of Wilson's thoughts have had a far-reaching impact on international relations. He advocated the establishment of an international alliance, hoping to achieve long-term stability of mankind through the international alliance. Of course, all this is full of idealism, but also the idea of American hegemony. Although the United States finally failed to join the League of Nations as envisaged by Wilson, the principle of global thinking and collective security put forward by Wilson was not only a great progress of the international community at that time, but its influence continues to this day.
The League of Nations became the first international political organization with an important role in the world, which had a far-reaching impact on the establishment of the United Nations. As the successor of the League of Nations, the United Nations is still the main body of international exchanges and still plays an important role in maintaining and developing human peace. Wilson's idealism, democracy, peace, collective security and national autonomy were all expressed through the "fourteen-point plan", but he spent his whole life practicing it. Although there is still room for improvement, the academic value of this thought and its practical significance to today's international politics can not be ignored.