Sociology is a science formed from a specific angle, either focusing on society, focusing on people as the main body of society, or focusing on the relationship between society and people. It studies a wide range of fields, involving all aspects of social life. Many aspects of research can draw lessons from ideological and political education, such as human socialization, which enlightens us to regard the process of ideological and political education as the process of realizing the individual ideological and moral socialization of the educated in order to better study this process. In addition, social investigation, as a basic method of sociological research, is also of great value to the study of ideological and political education. Ideological and political education relies on the theoretical methods of sociology, while ideological and political education is also enriching sociology. Of course, the research fields and objects of the two are obviously different and cannot replace each other.

Politics is the science of political relations, political systems, political thoughts and their development laws with the country as the main body. The political relationship, political system and political thought it studies have a great influence on people's thoughts and behaviors, which restricts the development of people's thoughts and behaviors and is an important basis for ideological and political education to determine the educational tasks and contents. The task and content of ideological and political education should be determined according to the needs of certain political thoughts and political relations. However, there are differences between the two. Ideological and political education does not want political science to study the emergence and development law of political relations, political relations and political life norms, but only to study how to make people's behavior meet certain political and ideological requirements through ideological and political education and transform certain political and ideological norms into people's ideology and morality. At the same time, political science studies people's political literacy and education, but it only studies people's ideological, political and moral education practice and its laws in the sense of general political life practice, which is mainly undertaken by ideological and political education.

Pedagogy is a science that studies educational phenomena and reveals educational laws. It is the basic discipline of the whole educational science system, which reveals the general law of educational development and the nature, purpose, principles and methods of education, and has a guiding role for other disciplines in the educational science system. Ideological and political education is also a branch of pedagogy, and of course it should follow the principles, principles and methods revealed by pedagogy. But it is not a simple application, but with the help of these principles, principles and methods to study the inherent laws of ideological and political education, and then establish a unique discipline system of ideological and political education principles, principles and methods. It can be seen that the two are closely related, but there are also obvious differences. Pedagogy comprehensively studies the whole education, such as moral education, intellectual education and physical education, mainly studying school education, rather than specializing in moral education and ideological and political education; The focus of ideological and political education research is ideological and political education, not only for schools, but also for the whole society, which is beyond the reach of pedagogy.