The origin of this section of Shaanxi Opera originated from the ancient folk songs and dances in Shaanxi and Gansu. It grew up in Chang 'an, the ancient political, economic and cultural center of China, and gradually formed through the creation of several generations. Since the Zhou Dynasty, Guanzhong area has been called "Qin", hence the name of Qin Opera, which is a rather ancient drama. Because jujube bangzi is used as a percussion instrument, it is also called "Bangzi cavity", and because it makes a "dreamy" sound when hitting, it is commonly known as "Bangzi". Li, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in Rain Village Drama: "According to legend, the Qian family has hundreds of books, which have a cavity." It started in Shaanxi, with the clapper as the board, and responded to it, but it was also tight and slow, commonly known as the clapper cavity, which Shu called a random bomb. The word "strumming" has many meanings in the tune of China traditional opera. In the past, all kinds of operas except Kunqu Opera and Gaoqiang Opera were called "random play", and some operas were called "random play". Some operas named after Luantan, such as Wenzhou Luantan and Hebei Luantan, are still regarded as the general name of Bangzi opera system based on Shaanxi opera. The development of Shaanxi Opera in this clip "was formed in Qin, refined in Han, flourished in Tang, completed in Yuan, matured in Ming and broadcast in Qing, and evolved into a grand view after several times". It is a very old drama, and it can be called the originator of China's drama. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1573- 1620), the evolution of Shaanxi Opera in this section of Lotus in the Pot has evolved into different schools because of its different popular areas: Shandong Shaanxi Opera, which is popular in Dali and Pucheng areas of Weinan in the east of Guanzhong (namely Tongzhou Bangzi, also known as Old Shaanxi Opera and Donglu Opera) Popular in Fengxiang, Qishan, Longxian and Tianshui areas in the west of Guanzhong, it is called West Road Qinqiang (also known as Xifu Qinqiang and West Road Bangzi); Popular in Yangxian, Chenggu, Hanzhong and Mianxian in Hanzhong area (actually Lu Nan Shaanxi Opera, also known as Diao Han Shaanxi Opera and Xunxi); Popular in Xi 'an, it's called Zhonglu Qinqiang (that is, Xi 'an's random play). Among them, the west road became a bangzi after entering Sichuan; East Road is Shanxi Opera, Henan Opera and Hebei Opera. Therefore, Shaanxi Opera can be regarded as the originator of Beijing Opera, Henan Opera, Shanxi Opera and Hebei Opera. Influenced by local dialects and folk music, each Shaanxi opera is slightly different in pronunciation, aria and music. In the past 50 years, the development of the eastern, western and southern Shaanxi operas tends to stagnate and tends to be replaced by the central Shaanxi opera. According to statistics, there are about 3,000 Shaanxi Opera plays compiled in this section, most of which are heroic legends or tragic stories, as well as myths, folk stories and various case-solving dramas. Its traditional repertoire is rich, with a total of 2748 copies copied. In addition to Wei Changsheng, a famous northern and southern scholar in Qing Dynasty, there are Wang Xiangyun, Chen Jibi and Shen Xianglin from Weinan School, Luan Xiaohui from Tongzhou School, Tao Suoer from Zhouzhi School and Yue Sezi from Chang 'an School. In the middle and late Guangxu period, there were Runrunzi, Yu Xier, Chen, Zhao Jiemin, Li (Ma Zi Hong), Liu (Carpenter Hong),. Since the Revolution of 1911, there have been the famous ugly Ma Pingmin, the famous young student Su Zhemin He, the famous Su Zhen (neck and neck), Wang Tianmin (known as "Mei Lanfang in the northwest"), Li Zhengmin (known as "authentic Shaanxi opera"), He Zhong Zhen and Song Shanghua. Tian Denian, a famous online school, and famous students He, Geng Shanmin, Zhong, etc. In particular, Chen,,,, and Li Yisheng and Su Zhemin, former editors of Sanyi Society, have made innovations in singing, performance and makeup modeling. The formation of the Banqiang Opera music system and Peking Opera in this period is because many operas of Shaanxi Opera are important or interesting themes in the history of China, such as the war of anti-aggression, the struggle against traitors and oppression, and also because Shaanxi Opera music embodies the hearty, generous and upright character of simple, frank, hardworking and brave folk customs, and earlier (perhaps the earliest) formed a Banqiang Opera music system that is more suitable for expressing various emotional changes; In addition, the artists of Shaanxi Opera gradually created a set of relatively complete performance skills, so wherever Shaanxi Opera went, it had different influences on various operas, and directly affected the formation and development of various Bangzi operas, becoming the originator of Bangzi Opera. Three generations of Qin Opera, namely, Qingkang, Yong and Gan, flowed into Beijing, which directly influenced the formation of Beijing Opera. The peak of this popular Qin opera was during the Qianlong period (1736- 1795). During this period, there were many places in China where there were 36 Shaanxi Opera clubs, including Fu Bao Class, Jiangdong Class, Shuangzhai Class and Jinxiu Class. The performance of Shaanxi Opera is simple, rough, bold and full of exaggeration. Shaanxi opera singing can be divided into two kinds: joy and bitterness. The former expresses joy and joy, while the latter expresses grief and sadness. The music is colorful, beautiful and moving. The main musical instrument is banhu, with sharp and crisp pronunciation. It has its own unique style in facial makeup (such as the golden face of Qin Shihuang with a beard) and figure (such as riding a horse, pulling a shelf, picking firewood, carrying water, etc.). ), make-up (such as changing the head to comb your hair), stunts (spitting fire, blowing fire, walking on stilts), and language rhymes (Qin opera has fourteen rhymes, and there are tones in it). "Singing roar" is known as one of the top ten eccentrics in Guanzhong. Role trading is divided into four generations (old pedant, young student, young student), six generations (Lao Dan, Zheng Dan, Xiao Dan, Hua Dan, Wu Dan, Media Dan), two generations (big net, wool net), one generation and thirteen generations, also known as "Thirteen nets". Because of its different popular areas, Shaanxi Opera has evolved into different schools: Jidong Road Shaanxi Opera is popular in Weinan area in the east of Guanzhong; Popular in Baoji area in the west of Guanzhong, it is called Xifu Qinqiang; Popular in Hanzhong area, it is called Diao Han Qiang Qin; Popular in Xi 'an, it is called Xi 'an Luantan (that is, Zhonglu Qinqiang). Influenced by local dialects and folk music, each Shaanxi opera is slightly different in pronunciation, aria and music. In the past 50 years, the east, west and south roads have been underdeveloped, and the middle road has taken its place, occupying an absolute advantage in the whole northwest region. Most of the operas performed by Shaanxi Opera are based on the legend of heroes or tragedy stories such as Wan Guo, The History of the Three Kingdoms, Yang Jiajiang and Yue Shuo, as well as myths, folk stories and various case-solving dramas. There are more than 654.38+00000 plays, ranking first among more than 300 operas in China. Due to the long history, there are many scattered plays.