This is the project-based learning of planting Dendrobium on trees in Huanglong No.3 Primary School in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, and it is also a new way of presenting labor education. As a model school of labor education in Wenzhou, Huanglong No.3 Primary School has a campus labor practice base, a succulent plant planting area, a Dendrobium planting area and a Jiahe fruit and vegetable plantation ... Students really carry out problem-solving learning activities in labor practice.
In addition to creating a good working atmosphere, the school is constantly improving the new curriculum system of labor education: school-level school-based courses include skillful dyeing house, aerospace model, West Point making, Ou embroidery and so on. At the family level, there are a series of home economics courses in different years, such as self-reliance course in the first year, happy planting course in the third year and gourmet cooking course in the fifth year. On the social level, professional experience activities such as "small banker" in Lucheng Rural Commercial Bank, "small salesman" in 5050 Square and "small maintenance worker" in Huamu Market were carried out.
"Labor education in the new era does not refer to manual labor or direct production labor in a narrow sense, nor to planting labor in a narrow sense, but to practical activities based on manual labor and material production labor, exploratory innovation labor and artistic aesthetic labor." President Ye said. Under his leadership, schools, families and society helped each other to form a virtuous circle, taking labor education as the breakthrough of the integration of "five educations" and realizing the educational goals of "cultivating morality through labor, enhancing intelligence through labor, strengthening physical fitness through labor, improving beauty through labor and innovating through labor".
"Exploring interdisciplinary integration-establishing a long-term mechanism of labor education"
In March last year, the State Council issued "Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Labor Education in Colleges, Middle Schools and Primary Schools in the New Period", and labor education has become the focus of current educational research. In the new era, labor education should have a higher concept and status. Starting from 20 18, Huanglong No.3 Primary School actively explores the construction of a new system of labor education in the new period, establishes a long-term mechanism of labor education, and gives full play to the role of labor education in all-round education.
Curriculum is the foothold of educational reform. In Huanglong No.3 Primary School, all subjects have labor elements, which embodies the sense of discipline integration. For example, in the courses of morality and rule of law, Chinese and so on. We pay attention to the cultivation of labor concepts and attitudes. In mathematics courses, we pay attention to the cultivation of professional understanding and labor skills. In science courses, we pay attention to the cultivation of practical ability. "There are many situations and materials of labor education in the teaching materials, and the types of labor and workers are extremely rich, which are close to the real life of students. Our math group sorted out the situation and content related to labor education throughout the primary school stage, and infiltrated labor education in subject teaching. " Math teacher Link said. Link used "saplings" to simulate work when teaching "planting trees", so that students could verify the rationality of their various guesses. After teaching "percentage application" and other knowledge, Link built a simulated trading platform, allowing students to play different professional workers with the promotion of shopping malls as the starting point.
Science also has many intersections with labor education. The third-grade science textbook "Animal Life" involves sericulture. Ang Lee, a science teacher, designed and built a warm and comfortable home for the silkworm baby with her students through project-based learning. Driven by the real questions, the students learned about the long history of sericulture in China, the living conditions of silkworm babies and four different growth periods, and then consulted the materials to learn sericulture skills. Students draw design patterns, make real models, and design comfortable and distinctive silkworm rooms. Combined with the unique resources of the school-mulberries, students picked mulberry, raised silkworm, reeled silk and peeled cocoons, actively observed and carefully recorded in the activities, and felt the happiness brought by sericulture life and labor.
The school's labor education is not only combined with regular subjects, but also with extended courses and theme activity courses. Scarves printed with plant patterns, mirrors with homemade blue calico elements, storage bags, princess skirts decorated with osmanthus vein specimens ... This is a five-year skilled dyeing workshop course. Students not only learn to dye cloth, but also make various creative works.
There is a fruit and vegetable plantation on the roof of the school, which is an "aerial planting base" for fruits and vegetables opened by teachers. Teacher Yan Liren is responsible for leading students to plant fruits and vegetables in four seasons. In the harvest season, in addition to some labor results, teachers will also organize students to set up stalls at the school gate and use the proceeds from the charity sale to carry out charitable donation activities. Yan Liren said: "In the planting activities, students experienced the whole process of planting and learned planting techniques; When the fruit is ripe, every student feels the joy of harvest. "
"I learned a lot in the fruit and vegetable planting class, such as how to make organic fertilizer for growing at home. I heard that tomatoes can be cut after pruning, so I cut and planted tomatoes, and now they are all alive. Teacher Yan also took us to plant sunflowers, eggplants and pumpkins. There are too many fruits and vegetables in our plantation! " Jin, a fifth-grade student, said happily.
"Innovating project-based learning to make labor practice more creative"
Environmental culture is not only an important educational resource, but also a deep soil for students' growth. Walking into the campus, the first thing that catches your eye is the succulent potted plants of different sizes in the "Red Scarf Agricultural Innovation Park and succulent Plant Planting Base" on the left. This is the result of students' fleshy cultivation in the course of home economics. From the flowerpot appearance, plant varieties, splicing and other aspects. Students need to conceive and finally design creative meat shapes. In the green area on the right, the school installed two wooden planting boxes. When the sowing season comes every year, teachers and students plant different scientific and technological crops together, such as colored peppers, space pumpkins, tomato trees and dwarf sunflowers. Students can observe the growth and changes of plants every day as soon as they enter the school gate and feel the magic of scientific and technological agriculture.
In the classroom of each class, students are putting on airs to show the achievements of each domestic economics course, so that full of green, birds and flowers can permeate the classroom. These micro-transformations of campus space not only meet the needs of urban primary school labor planting bases, but also enable students to "talk" with each plant at any time, thus realizing the connection between education and nature.
Every flower and every tree is a dish. In the first "Osmanthus fragrans Festival" held by the school last year, teachers from Chinese, music, English, fine arts, sports and other disciplines tried to integrate and jointly carried out activities such as writing, painting and speaking osmanthus in English. Combine activities with labor education. While playing and drying osmanthus, students also make creative osmanthus works and osmanthus food.
"This is a wonderful date with osmanthus, teachers and students linger and revel in it. Here is the embellishment of our beautiful life, the enlightenment of healthy life, and the fun of labor experience. " Li Linlin, the brigade counselor, said. How to make osmanthus sachet? The art teacher explained and demonstrated the production process for the students, and the students communicated with each other, such as needle threading, sewing, bagging, beading, etc ... Under the guidance of the teacher, they made exquisite and fragrant sachets in Gui Xiang. The production of osmanthus scented soap is complicated, which requires soap base, olive oil, dried osmanthus scented osmanthus and mold. After learning the relevant knowledge, students first put the container with soap base into the pot, heat it in water until it is completely melted, then add olive oil, sprinkle with dried osmanthus, and finally pour the soap solution into the mold with the logo of "Huanglong San Xiao", and then demould it after solidification. A small sweet-scented osmanthus soap not only combines students' labor and creativity, but also becomes a campus gift with school characteristics.
As a breakthrough in the integration of "five educations", labor education needs to get through the relationship among schools, families and society. There is a cooking practice base in China in the southeast corner of the school. Students should learn to cook four dishes and one soup when they graduate, including at least one ou dish. "Four Dishes and One Soup" has entrusted the blessing of the academic school to the students, and it is also the inheritance and development of European cuisine culture.
Students need firewood for cooking, and they need to collect it in the green space of the school. Each group has an earthen stove, and members of the group go to the supermarket to purchase in advance, then wash and choose vegetables, manipulate knives, cook and oil, scrub and serve ... Students learn to make food by hand and are willing to serve others. Student Xie Yuqing explored the method of making the classic Chinese cabbage "three-line shrimp". Ruan, director of moral education, commented: "Students learned to find their own recipes and prepare raw materials in the process of making" third-line shrimp ". They will also look for cooking tips, practice and accumulate experience in failure, and the process of practicing again is the real labor education experience. " A student's parents said with emotion: "After the school launched the Chinese food production course, the children changed obviously. They often study how to cook at home, and now they can cook a good table for us! " The "Wenzhou Famous Snack Workshop" led by Mr. Feng produced a series of snacks with regional characteristics, such as Yongjia wheat cake and Dengzhan cake.
"Reforming evaluation mechanism-promoting labor education to take root"
Now students actively participate in every work on campus, and the school hopes to form students' basic sense of responsibility and responsibility. In the young years, all health obligations were fulfilled by students. Mr. Cheng Haisu and Mr. Chen Chao made a small video on duty and played it at the morning meeting. Teachers Chen and Huang Yuehua carefully designed labor duty classes to guide students to pay attention to all the details of hygiene and cleanliness. Middle-aged students take turns to distribute Chinese food and carry tableware, and they also complete the daily maintenance of the student waiting room, school library and school labor practice base. Senior students independently explored how to clean the glass, and also summarized the tips of dipping the dishcloth with edible alkali or white vinegar. The questionnaire survey shows that after the implementation of labor education, students' labor cognition, labor attitude, labor skills, labor duration and other aspects have been significantly improved, and creative labor consciousness is particularly obvious among many students.
The core value of labor education lies in the all-round development of students and in cultivating their innovative spirit and practical ability. Therefore, the evaluation of labor education should be comprehensive and diversified: first, summative evaluation should be combined with process evaluation, which should not only evaluate the quality and labor skills of students' labor achievements, but also evaluate students' attitudes and habits in the labor process, as well as teamwork and innovation ability; Second, students' self-evaluation is combined with students' evaluation, parents' evaluation and teachers' evaluation; The third is the combination of display evaluation, sharing evaluation and competition evaluation.
The school also included labor education in the evaluation report of students' comprehensive quality, formulated a design evaluation scale, and comprehensively evaluated students' labor performance in multiple ways. The digital evaluation system of "Smart Campus" developed by the school takes labor education as an important part of the evaluation system-this platform can display the process and achievements of students' labor, and can also generate points, which students can exchange for gifts, and the total points are used as an important basis for the evaluation of "campus workers".
In the demonstration evaluation, the school collects the labor achievements of each class, selects a group of labor achievements with characteristics and easy promotion, and evaluates them in the form of pushing publicity short articles and short videos and on-site display. Wenchuang Garden displays students' exquisite paper-cutting, painting and fabric works, and students' labor practice manuals are hung in the corridor ... Students will also get corresponding labor points and receive certificates. The school constantly builds a display platform to create a strong atmosphere of labor education.
"My work has been shown in the classroom by the class teacher many times, and everyone praised me for my dexterity, so I was rated as a coolie." Zhou, a junior three student, proudly said, "I remember that the school held a cultural fair last semester. I created a paper work" Flowers Bloom ",which was taken away by others in the auction. The teacher said that the money from the auction would be donated to children from poor families. I am very happy. It turns out that my labor can also help others. "
In Huanglong No.3 Primary School, labor education is not only in the "field", but also integrated into students' daily study and life. For a school, we should not "work for the sake of labor", but should regard labor as an important course that can forge personality and realize life growth throughout school education. For the future, Ye also has a related plan: "We will take the concept of' five educations' as the core and change the learning mode of labor education as the basic point, establish a more systematic, perfect and rich curriculum system of labor practice activities, and explore a new model of' trinity and three innovations in one' labor education."