First, analyze the characteristics of the problem
First of all, I'd like to introduce the article writing questions in the national examination of 20 14-20 16 above the provincial and ministerial level:
? Given data 3? Quoted from the Analects of Confucius: If you don't learn manners, you can't stand it ? Please take this sentence as the central topic, contact with social reality, draw up your own topic and write an article. (35 points)
Requirements: choose your own perspective and have profound insights; Reference? Given information? , but not rigidly adhere to? Given information? ; Clear thinking and fluent language; The total number of words is 1000~ 1200. (20 16 National Civil Service Recruitment Examination)
Given data 6, the underlined sentence is: the life of science and technology? , has become a feature that cannot be eradicated in the real world. Technology will be human. ? Please combine your thoughts on this sentence with social reality, draw up a topic and write an article. (40 points)
Requirements: (1) Choose your own point of view, with clear and profound views; (2) refer to the information given, but don't stick to it; (3) clear thinking and fluent language; (4) The total number of words is 1000- 1200. (20 15 National Civil Service Recruitment Examination)
? Given information? Finally, it said? Maybe we should be like the writer Milan? Kundera said that? Slow down? Because a free and promising life is urgent. ? Please combine your thoughts on this sentence with your own feelings and social practice, draw up a topic and write an article. (40 points)
Requirements: (1) Choose your own perspective and have profound insights. (2) Reference? Given information? , but not limited to? Given information? . (3) Clear thinking and fluent language. (4) The total number of words is 1000 ~ 1200. (20 14 National Civil Service Recruitment Examination)
It can be seen from the topic setting of article writing in provincial and ministerial level national examination in recent three years that, first of all, in the topic stem, the intention of article writing is often based on a sentence or an opinion in a certain paragraph of material, from which the article is written. And it is basically a form of self-proposition, that is, a self-made topic. Writing requirements have one important thing in common, namely? Refer to the information given, but don't stick to it? This requires candidates not to look for materials too much, especially some candidates are used to extracting sentences directly from materials, which is very taboo in article writing. The theme and main points of writing can be summarized from the materials, but you must add your own opinions, which is not only the requirement of candidates' ability in the application exam, but also the requirement of writing genre of big composition. At present, if there is no special requirement, the writing of application articles is basically in the form of argumentative papers, and the basic requirement of argumentative papers is to have arguments, arguments and argumentation methods.
In the argumentative writing of Shen Lun, we must first establish a consciousness that we are taking the civil service recruitment examination, and the articles we write must be civil service articles with in-depth analysis of objective phenomena and profound insights from the standpoint of the government. Candidates are advised to refer to the People's Daily commentator's article in content. Many candidates don't have this understanding, and the articles written can't get rid of the inherent thinking, resulting in low scores. Therefore, the argumentative essay of civil servants is not about how wonderful and gorgeous your writing is, but about whether candidates have the potential to enter the civil service system through the argumentative essay written by candidates.
Second, integrate ideas.
To write an argumentative essay, we must first find the central argument through the material, that is, determine the central argument through the principle of reading the material as a whole. The principle of wholeness means that every material in a composition is not isolated, but has an internal logical relationship, and each set of composition questions will have a theme that runs through the whole composition. Therefore, candidates should have an overall grasp of the application materials, which is the principle of integrity. Especially in article writing, article writing is often based on all materials to find materials, but also requires candidates to accurately grasp the theme of materials, so candidates should be able to sum up the central arguments of each material in the process of reading and analyzing materials, which will help us write high-quality articles.
Candidates should grasp the theme and conception of the application materials, that is, understand what the whole material is talking about. The central argument often coincides with the topic, and sometimes, especially in propositional questions (that is, the topic of the article is given in the stem), the topic is the central argument. Therefore, we must find the central argument correctly, which is the backbone of our writing. When writing, we should pay attention to showing the central argument at the beginning of the article. Topic paving+pointing to the center? The method is to write some related words about the content of the material, talk about the current situation or give some examples, and then show the central argument of the article. For example:? Kanekin's law? It is considered that the decisive factor of a wooden bucket's water capacity is not the longest board, but the shortest board. It tells us that disadvantages determine advantages, and we can't ignore the weak links of things. At present, the country advocates vigorously developing rural economy, but the protection of rural culture lags behind a lot. Rural culture has become the shortcoming of rural social development, and the protection of rural culture determines whether the rural economy can embark on the road of sustained and healthy development, so we must attach importance to the construction of rural culture.
After finding out the central argument, we should discuss it from different angles, that is, find out the sub-arguments. Generally speaking, the central idea of each material can often be used as a sub-argument. Candidates can find through practice that the theme is often deconstructed from different angles in the application materials, and if we can extract the central idea of each material in the question, it can be used as our analysis angle. You don't have to discuss it from the right angle? Theoretical discussion theory? That is to say, you can't write the content in a dry way, but you should add some examples, that is, arguments, which can come from application materials, real life, opinions or cases. When discussing, we should choose some methods of argumentation and combine arguments with arguments. For example, we can use parallelism and comparison, but more generally, we can use deduction, that is, we can deduce the views and reasons we want to elaborate step by step to achieve logical results.
In the process of writing sub-arguments, can candidates learn from them? Causes, effects and countermeasures? Cut in from three angles, such as the composition of 20 16? Can't stand it if you don't learn manners? It can be discussed from the perspective of the important influence of learning etiquette on the country and individuals. Adding countermeasures or reasons in the writing process means that learning etiquette is of great significance to the country and individuals. And then what? Time is aphasia, but only stones can talk? This paper can be written from the perspective of countermeasures to protect cultural heritage, or from the perspective of the significance or influence of cultural heritage on social development, and add reasons or countermeasures or both in the writing process. Therefore, the causes, influences and countermeasures complement each other. When writing an article, the first sentence is often difficult to write. You can choose one of the above three angles to write easily, and then supplement it with the other two. For example, start with countermeasures, and then discuss the reasons for putting forward this countermeasure or the influence of this countermeasure. Here, candidates should pay attention. Once the countermeasures are involved, try to write out the countermeasures that can be implemented, and don't talk empty. If we start with the influence, whether it is positive or negative, then we can explain the reasons for this influence, such as the article on family style, first point out the positive significance of good family style, then discuss why good family style has such an important influence, and then put forward countermeasures on how to carry forward good family style. Therefore, when discussing sub-arguments, we should use the angle flexibly, not rigidly. For example, strengthening publicity and education and raising the awareness of environmental protection from all walks of life are the basic ways to do a good job in marine work. For a long time, China's coastal areas have regarded economic development as the primary task under the guiding ideology of simply pursuing economic development, while ignoring the carrying capacity of the marine environment. Up to the government, down to coastal enterprises and coastal residents, they have not realized the importance of marine environmental protection. Therefore, in this context, it is particularly important to do a good job in publicity and education. In Japan, people's awareness of marine environmental protection is very high, which should be mainly attributed to the long-term marine policy education of the Japanese government. Japanese primary and secondary school textbooks have long used articles on marine environment as teaching materials to educate students to realize the importance of marine environment health from an early age, so Japanese people have a full understanding of the importance of marine environment as a whole. At this point, China can also learn from Japanese practices to raise people's awareness of the importance of the marine environment. This is explained in the form of countermeasures+existence of problems or reasons+arguments.
Third, remove the template.
When writing an article, candidates can refer to some excellent model essays, but don't take a certain type of model essay as the writing standard. They must be free to play and write their own style. There is no fixed template for article writing, what is more needed is the understanding of materials and the accumulation and application of one's own knowledge. And candidates should not copy too much material, including arguments, when writing a composition. Arguments can be quoted from materials, but they must be briefly described. The emphasis is on the analysis of arguments, that is, the process of seeing the essence through phenomena. For example, 20 16 Hebei college entrance examination article writing? The mountain in the heart of entrepreneurs? When talking about entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial motivation, we can cite examples of social entrepreneurs, but we can't discuss them in detail one by one, but take? Who is it? What did you do? How's it going? These cases reflect that entrepreneurs should not only be guided by monetary interests, but also aim to repay society and create social benefits, and constantly strive for and innovate, thus promoting social progress.
Finally, candidates should pay attention to the fact that when writing a composition, they should be close to the national policy and the macro direction of social and economic development, especially at the end, and look forward to the future development while returning to the main idea. Moreover, the title should be drawn up at the end as far as possible to ensure that the content of the article conforms to the title to the greatest extent and avoid digression.